Estimating for Builders and Surveyors

Front Cover......Page 1
Estimating for Builders and Surveyors......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Author's note......Page 11
Preface......Page 12
Note......Page 13
The UK construction industry......Page 14
Introduction to estimating......Page 15
The invitation to tender......Page 16
The estimating method......Page 17
Tender procedure......Page 20
Negotiated tender......Page 22
Selective tendering for design and build......Page 27
The Working Rules......Page 29
Estimating the cost of labour......Page 30
Entitlement to basic and additional rates of pay......Page 32
Bonus......Page 33
Overtime......Page 34
Daily fare and travel allowance......Page 35
Tide work......Page 36
Transfer arrangements......Page 37
Guaranteed minimum weekly earnings......Page 38
Annual holidays......Page 40
Sick pay......Page 42
Benefit schemes......Page 44
Employer's Contributions for National Insurance......Page 45
Employer's liability insurance......Page 46
Redundancy funding......Page 47
Supervision: foremen, chargehands, gangers......Page 48
Practical estimating......Page 49
Purchase or hire?......Page 57
The plant rate......Page 59
Depreciation......Page 61
Life of plant......Page 62
Repairs and renewals......Page 63
Inflation......Page 65
Summary......Page 68
The site/existing buildings......Page 71
The contract/sub-contract......Page 72
Employer's requirements......Page 78
Contractor's cost items......Page 80
Provisional work items......Page 84
Collection of example costs......Page 85
Site preparation......Page 86
Lifting turf for preservation......Page 87
Excavation: general remarks......Page 88
Hand excavation......Page 89
Depth and throw......Page 90
Outputs......Page 92
Machine excavation......Page 97
Services......Page 101
Breaking out......Page 102
Working space......Page 104
Earthwork support......Page 106
Disposal of excavated material......Page 109
Filling to excavations......Page 114
Surface treatments......Page 115
Materials......Page 117
Shrinkage in concrete mix......Page 118
Costing for shrinkage......Page 120
Labour costs......Page 122
Reinforcement for in situ concrete......Page 126
Formwork......Page 130
Precast concrete......Page 133
Bricks per wall area......Page 136
Common brickwork......Page 137
Brickwork sundries......Page 138
Facing brickwork......Page 140
Jointing and pointing......Page 141
Special brickwork......Page 142
Blockwork......Page 144
Underpinning......Page 146
Slate roofing......Page 149
Clay plain roof tiles......Page 158
Concrete roofing tiles......Page 159
Fixing accessories for external leadwork......Page 164
Plant......Page 169
Labour......Page 170
Building-up rates......Page 172
Special requirements......Page 177
Timber sizes and costs......Page 178
Fastenings and adhesives......Page 179
Labour constants......Page 180
Examples of rates calculation......Page 182
Introduction......Page 192
Isolated structural metal members (G12)......Page 201
Metal windows/rooflights/screens/louvres (L11)......Page 202
Metal stairs/walkways/balustrades (L31)......Page 203
All-in rates for pipe......Page 204
Special tools......Page 205
Labour costs and outputs......Page 206
Copper pipework and fittings......Page 207
Soil, waste and ventilation piping......Page 214
Rainwater goods......Page 219
Plastic water supply piping......Page 224
Sanitary fittings......Page 226
Water tanks and cylinders......Page 228
Central heating systems......Page 230
Polybutylene hot and cold water piping and fittings......Page 233
Plasterboard......Page 238
Cement/sand screeds......Page 243
Granolithic screeds......Page 244
Plastered and rendered coatings......Page 246
Roughcast coatings......Page 249
Beads......Page 251
Metal mesh lathing......Page 252
Ceramic and quarry tiling......Page 253
Estimating for glazing......Page 256
Types of glass......Page 257
Sealed multiple glazed units......Page 260
Roof and wall glazing......Page 261
Painting and clear finishing......Page 262
Decorative papers......Page 268
Hand excavation of pipe trenches......Page 270
Machine excavation of pipe trenches......Page 272
Pipework: vitrified clay and uPVC......Page 274
Beds and surrounds......Page 277
Primary switchgear......Page 279
Cabling......Page 280
Builder's work......Page 282
Elements of analogous rates......Page 284
Procedure......Page 286
Interpretation of bills and schedules......Page 288
Background......Page 294
Text/graphics......Page 296
Data analysis......Page 297
Drawings/CAD......Page 298
Networks......Page 299
Introduction......Page 300
The company plan......Page 301
Tender policy......Page 303
Construction of a cash flow diagram......Page 307
Risk and uncertainty......Page 311
Data for mortar costing......Page 314
Spreadsheet costing......Page 316
Index......Page 320