Essentials of Tourism

Cover......Page 1
Half Title Page......Page 2
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Brief Contents......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
List of Figures and Tables......Page 13
Preface......Page 16
Case Matrix......Page 17
Publisher's Acknowledgements......Page 20
PART 1 Tourism Essentials: An Introduction......Page 24
  Learning Outcomes......Page 25
  Introduction......Page 26
  The History of Tourism......Page 28
  The Subject of Tourism......Page 30
  A Tourism System......Page 32
  Definitions of Tourism......Page 36
  Spatial Interaction Between the Components of the Tourism System: Tourist Flows......Page 40
  Interrelationships and Classifications......Page 42
  The Tourist Experience......Page 45
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 46
  References Cited......Page 47
PART 2 Destination Essentials......Page 52
  Learning Outcomes......Page 53
  Introduction......Page 54
  Common Features of Tourist Destinations......Page 55
  Components of the Destination Amalgam......Page 58
  The Sustainable Destination......Page 64
  The Competitive Destination......Page 68
  The Evolving Destination......Page 70
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 73
  References Cited......Page 74
  Learning Outcomes......Page 77
  Introduction......Page 78
  The Supply Side of Tourism: Definitions and Characteristics......Page 79
  The Demand Side of Tourism: Measurement Issues......Page 81
  The Economic Consequences of Tourism......Page 83
  The Economic Benefits of Tourism......Page 88
  The Economic Costs of Tourism......Page 91
  Summary......Page 92
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 93
  References Cited......Page 94
  Learning Outcomes......Page 97
  Introduction......Page 98
  The Developing Relationship Between Tourism and the Environment......Page 99
  Carrying Capacity......Page 100
  Consequences of Tourism for the Environment......Page 101
  Environmental Impact Assessment and Auditing......Page 110
  Over-arching Issues......Page 112
  Summary......Page 113
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 114
  References Cited......Page 115
  Learning Outcomes......Page 119
  Introduction......Page 120
  Hosts and Guests......Page 122
  The Consequences of Tourism for the Host Community......Page 127
  Processes of Cultural Change......Page 132
  Summary......Page 135
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 136
  References Cited......Page 137
  Learning Outcomes......Page 141
  Introduction......Page 142
  Background to Sustainability......Page 143
  The Pillars of Sustainability......Page 145
  Concepts and Definitions......Page 146
  Types of Tourism Sustainability......Page 149
  Principles of Sustainable Tourism......Page 152
  Implementation of Sustainability......Page 154
  The Role of Government in Implementing Sustainable Tourism......Page 155
  Contemporary Tools of Sustainable Tourism......Page 157
  Summary......Page 162
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 163
  References Cited......Page 164
PART 3 Tourism Sector Essentials......Page 168
  Learning Outcomes......Page 169
  Introduction......Page 170
  Characteristics of Visitor Attractions......Page 171
  Classifying Visitor Attractions......Page 174
  Specific Types of Visitor Attraction......Page 179
  Managing Visitor Attractions......Page 184
  Summary......Page 188
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 189
  References Cited......Page 190
  Learning Outcomes......Page 193
  Introduction......Page 194
  Definitions and Scope......Page 195
  Structure of the Hospitality Industry......Page 196
  Managing the Hospitality Industry......Page 203
  Hospitality Operations......Page 209
  Environmental Issues......Page 211
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 212
  References Cited......Page 213
  Learning Outcomes......Page 217
  Introduction......Page 218
  Tourism Distribution Channels......Page 219
  Intermediaries......Page 222
  Intermediaries: Tour Operators......Page 223
  Intermediaries: Travel Agents......Page 226
  Integration in the Distribution Channel......Page 229
  Technology......Page 232
  Future Trends......Page 235
  Discussion Questions......Page 236
  References Cited......Page 237
  Learning Outcomes......Page 241
  Introduction......Page 242
  Elements of a Transport System......Page 243
  Managing Transport Systems: Demand......Page 245
  Managing Transport Systems: Transport Costs and Pricing......Page 246
  Managing Transport Systems: The Public Sector......Page 248
  Transport Modes for Tourism......Page 250
  Discussion Questions......Page 261
  References Cited......Page 262
  Learning Outcomes......Page 265
  Introduction......Page 266
  The Role of Government in Tourism......Page 267
  Tourism Policy......Page 268
  Government Tourism Organisations......Page 270
  Contemporary Approaches to Integrated Tourism Governance......Page 273
  Tourism Planning......Page 275
  The Tourism Planning Process......Page 280
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 283
  References Cited......Page 284
PART 4 Tourism Demand and Marketing Essentials......Page 288
  Learning Outcomes......Page 289
  Introduction......Page 290
  Definitions and Concepts......Page 291
  The Tourist Consumer Decision Making Process......Page 293
  Models of Consumer Behaviour in Tourism......Page 295
  An Evaluation of Consumer Behaviour Models in Tourism......Page 297
  Determinants of Demand for Tourism......Page 299
  Forecasting Tourism Demand......Page 307
  Summary......Page 308
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 309
  References Cited......Page 310
  Learning Outcomes......Page 313
  Introduction......Page 314
  Evolution of Marketing Approaches......Page 315
  Marketing Approaches for Tourism Organisations......Page 318
  Market Planning in Tourism and Hospitality......Page 322
  Putting it all Together: Tourism Product Markets......Page 333
  Discussion Questions......Page 334
  References Cited......Page 335
PART 5 Tourism Futures: The Essentials......Page 340
  Learning Outcomes......Page 343
  Introduction......Page 344
  The Future Drivers of Tourism......Page 346
  Tourism Market Futures......Page 352
  Destination Futures......Page 355
  Transport Futures......Page 356
  Future Tourism Products......Page 357
  Cross-Cutting Issues for Tourism Futures......Page 358
  Summary......Page 361
  Annotated Further Reading......Page 362
  References Cited......Page 363
Index......Page 366