Essential Sources in the Scientific Study of Consciousness

Preface......Page 2
Sources......Page 4
1. Introduction: Treating Consciousness as a Variable: The Fading Taboo......Page 8
I OVERVIEW......Page 18
2. Consciousness: Respectable, Useful, and Probably Necessary......Page 22
3. Consciousness and Neuroscience......Page 42
II CONSCIOUSNESS IN VISION......Page 62
4. Feature Binding, Attention, and Object Perception......Page 70
5. Effects of Sleep and Arousal on the Processing of Visual Information in theCat......Page 92
6. The Role of Temporal Cortical Areas in Perceptual Organization......Page 108
7. Investigating Neural Correlates of Conscious Perception by Frequency-TaggedNeuromagnetic Responses......Page 120
8. Temporal Binding, Binocular Rivalry, and Consciousness......Page 132
9. Disconnected Awareness for Detecting, Processing, and Remembering inNeurological Patients......Page 154
10. Blindsight in Monkeys......Page 162
11. Hemisphere Deconnection and Unity in Conscious Awareness......Page 168
12. Separate Visual Pathways for Perception and Action......Page 182
13. Consciousness and Isomorphism......Page 192
III ATTENTION: SELECTING ONE CONSCIOUS STREAM AMONG MANY......Page 208
14. Strategies and Models of Selective Attention......Page 214
15. Inattentional Blindness Versus Inattentional Amnesia for Fixated butIgnored Words......Page 234
16. Aspects of the Theory of Comprehension, Memory, and Attention......Page 242
17. To See or Not To See: The Need for Attention to Perceive Changes in Scenes......Page 258
18. Function of the Thalamic Reticular Complex: The Searchlight Hypothesis......Page 270
19. Selective Attention Gates Visual Processing in the Extrastriate Cortex......Page 280
20. Attention: The Mechanisms of Consciousness......Page 286
21. Attention, Awareness, and the Triangular Circuit......Page 298
IV IMMEDIATE MEMORY: THE FLEETING CONSCIOUS PRESENT......Page 326
22. The Information Available in Brief Visual Presentations......Page 332
23. The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information......Page 364
24. The Control of Short-Term Memory......Page 380
25. Verbal and Visual Subsystems of Working Memory......Page 396
26. The Prefrontal Landscape: Implications of Functional Architecture for Understanding Human Mentation and the Central Executive......Page 402
27. Storage and Executive Processes in the Frontal Lobes......Page 416
28. Consciousness and Cognition May Be Mediated by Multiple Independent Coherent Ensembles......Page 426
V INTERNAL SOURCES: VISUAL IMAGES AND INNER SPEECH......Page 460
29. Aspects of a Cognitive Neuroscience of Mental Imagery......Page 464
30. The Neural Basis of Mental Imagery......Page 476
31. Experimental Studies of Ongoing Conscious Experience......Page 486
32. Verbal Reports on Thinking......Page 500
VI BELOW THE THRESHOLD OF SENSORY CONSCIOUSNESS......Page 522
33. Distinguishing Conscious from Unconscious Perceptual Processes......Page 526
34. The Psychological Unconscious: A Necessary Assumption for AllPsychological Theory?......Page 548
35. Brain Stimulation in the Study of Neuronal Functions for Conscious Sensory Experiences......Page 566
VII CONSCIOUSNESS AND MEMORY......Page 580
36. Memory and Consciousness......Page 586
37. Conscious Recollection and the Human Hippocampal Formation: Evidence from Positron Emission Tomography......Page 600
38. Implicit Learning and Tacit Knowledge......Page 610
39. Attention, Automatism, and Consciousness......Page 638
40. When Practice Makes Imperfect: Debilitating Effects of Overlearning......Page 650
41. The Neural Correlates of Consciousness: An Analysis of Cognitive Skill Learning......Page 662
42. Availability: A Heuristic for Judging Frequency and Probability......Page 684
43. Experiences of Remembering, Knowing, and Guessing......Page 704
44. Measuring Recollection: Strategic versus Automatic Influences of Associative Context......Page 728
VIII UNCONSCIOUS AND ‘‘FRINGE’’ PROCESSES......Page 744
45. The Conscious ‘‘Fringe’’: Bringing William James Up to Date......Page 748
46. The Fundamental Role of Context: Unconscious Shaping of Conscious Information......Page 768
47. The Cognitive Unconscious......Page 784
48. Pain and Dissociation in the Cold Pressor Test: A Study of Hypnotic Analgesia with ‘‘Hidden Reports’’ Through Automatic Key Pressing and Automatic Talking......Page 800
49. Anosognosia in Parietal Lobe Syndrome......Page 812
50. Implications for Psychiatry of Left and Right Cerebral Specialization: A Neurophysiological Context for Unconscious Processes......Page 838
IX CONSCIOUSNESS AS A STATE: WAKING, DEEP SLEEP ,COMA, ANESTHESIA, AND DREAMING......Page 858
51. Brain Stem Reticular Formation and Activation of the EEG......Page 866
52. Anatomical and Physiological Substrates of Arousal......Page 888
53. On the Neurophysiology of Consciousness: An Overview......Page 898
54. An Information Processing Theory of Anaesthesia......Page 908
55. Toward a Unified Theory of Narcosis: Brain Imaging Evidence for a Thalamocortical Switch as the Neurophysiologic Basis of Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness......Page 920
56. The Relation of Eye Movements During Sleep to Dream Activity: An Objective Method for the Study of Dreaming......Page 936
57. The Brain as a Dream State Generator: An Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis of the Dream Process......Page 944
58. Lucid Dreaming Verified by Volitional Communication During REM Sleep......Page 966
59. Commentary: Of Dreaming and Wakefulness......Page 972
X THEORY......Page 994
60. Consciousness and Complexity......Page 1000
61. Brain Learning, Attention, and Consciousness......Page 1014
62. A Global Competitive Network for Attention......Page 1042
63. Time-Locked Multiregional Retroactivation: A Systems-Level Proposal for the Neural Substrates of Recall and Recognition......Page 1066
64. Visual Feature Integration and the Temporal Correlation Hypothesis......Page 1094
65. Metaphors of Consciousness and Attention in the Brain......Page 1120
66. How Does a Serial, Integrated, and Very Limited Stream of ConsciousnessEmerge from a Nervous System That Is Mostly Unconscious, Distributed,Parallel, and of Enormous Capacity?......Page 1130
67. A Neural Global Workspace Model for Conscious Attention......Page 1138
68. A Software Agent Model of Consciousness......Page 1156
Index......Page 1172