Essential Cell Biology

Cover (Essential Cell Biology)
Front Matter
	Half Title
	Title Page
	Copyright
	Preface
	Acknowledgments
	About the Authors
	Contents
Chapter 1 - Cells: The Fundamental Units of Life
	Unity and Diversity of Cells
	Cells Under the Microscope
	The Prokaryotic Cell
	The Eukaryotic Cell
	Model Organisms
Chapter 2 - Chemical Components of Cells
	Chemical Bonds
	Small Molecules in Cells
	Macromolecules in Cells
Chapter 3 - Energy, Catalysis, and Biosynthesis
	The Use of Energy by Cells
	Free Energy and Catalysis
	Activated Carriers and Biosynthesis
Chapter 4 - Protein Structure and Function
	The Shape and Structure of Proteins
	How Proteins Work
	How Proteins are Controlled
	How Proteins are Studied
Chapter 5 - DNA and Chromosomes
	The Structure of DNA
	The Structure of Eukaryotic Chromosomes
	The Regulation of Chromosome Structure
Chapter 6 - DNA Replication and Repair
	DNA Replication
	DNA Repair
Chapter 7 - From DNA to Protein: How Cells Read the Genome
	From DNA to RNA
	From RNA to Protein
	RNA and the Origins of Life
Chapter 8 - Control of Gene Expression
	An Overview of Gene Expression
	How Transcription Is Regulated
	Generating Specialized Cell Types
	Post-Transcriptional Controls
Chapter 9 - How Genes and Genomes Evolve
	Generating Genetic Variation
	Reconstructing Life’s Family Tree
	Mobile Genetic Elements and Viruses
	Examining the Human Genome
Chapter 10 - Analyzing the Structure and Function of Genes
	Isolating and Cloning DNA Molecules
	DNA Cloning by PCR
	Sequencing DNA
	Exploring Gene Function
Chapter 11 - Membrane Structure
	The Lipid Bilayer
	Membrane Proteins
Chapter 12 - Transport Across Cell Membranes
	Principles of Transmembrane Transport
	Transporters and Their Functions
	Ion Channels and the Membrane Potential
	Ion Channels and Nerve Cell Signaling
Chapter 13 - How Cells Obtain Energy from Food
	The Breakdown and Utilization of Sugars and Fats
	Regulation of Metabolism
Chapter 14 - Energy Generation in Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
	Mitochondria and Oxidative Phosphorylation
	Molecular Mechanisms of Electron Transport and Proton Pumping
	Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis
	The Evolution of Energy-Generating Systems
Chapter 15 - Intracellular Compartments and Protein Transport
	Membrane-Enclosed Organelles
	Protein Sorting
	Vesicular Transport
	Secretory Pathways
	Endocytic Pathways
Chapter 16 - Cell Signaling
	General Principles of Cell Signaling
	G-Protein-Coupled Receptors
	Enzyme-Coupled Receptors
Chapter 17 - Cytoskeleton
	Intermediate Filaments
	Microtubules
	Actin Filaments
	Muscle Contraction
Chapter 18 - The Cell-Division Cycle
	Overview of the Cell Cycle
	The Cell-Cycle Control System
	G1 Phase
	S Phase
	M Phase
	Mitosis
	Cytokinesis
	Control of Cell Numbers and Cell Size
Chapter 19 - Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
	The Benefits of Sex
	Meiosis and Fertilization
	Mendel and the Laws of Inheritance
	Genetics as an Experimental Tool
	Exploring Human Genetics
Chapter 20 - Cell Communities: Tissues, Stem Cells, and Cancer
	Extracellular Matrix and Connective Tissues
	Epithelial Sheets and Cell Junctions
	Stem Cells and Tissue Renewal
	Cancer
Answers
Glossary
Index