Ergonomics for All: Celebrating PPCOE's 20 years of Excellence: Selected Papers of the Pan-Pacific Conference on Ergonomics, 7-10 November 2010, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Ergonomics for All: Celebrating PPCOE’s 20 years of excellence......Page 4
Table of contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
Part I: Anthropometry, biomechanics & physical ergonomics......Page 14
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 16
2 METHODS......Page 17
3 RESULTS & DISCUSSION......Page 18
REFERENCES......Page 19
2.1 Participant......Page 22
2.4 Experimental procedure......Page 23
3.2 The difference between the left and right foot......Page 24
3.3 Correlations between the selected measurements......Page 25
REFERENCES......Page 26
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 27
2 METHODS......Page 29
4 DISCUSSION......Page 30
REFERENCES......Page 31
1.2 Grip strength and anthropometric variables......Page 34
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 35
3.3 ANCOVA analysis......Page 36
4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 37
REFERENCES......Page 38
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 40
2.4 Procedure......Page 41
2.5 Data processing and analysis......Page 42
3 RESULTS......Page 43
4 DISCUSSION......Page 44
REFERENCES......Page 45
2.2 Apparatus and materials......Page 46
3.1 Types of umbrella......Page 47
3.3 Interaction between umbrellas and wind blown......Page 48
REFERENCES......Page 49
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 50
2.4 Experimental design......Page 51
3.1 Difference in strengths between the groups......Page 52
4 DISCUSSION......Page 53
REFERENCES......Page 55
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 56
2.5 Data analysis......Page 57
4 DISCUSSION......Page 58
REFERENCES......Page 59
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 60
2.2 Subjects......Page 61
3.3 Indicator of regularity of life......Page 62
4.1 Amount of activity......Page 63
4.2 Indicator of regularity of life......Page 64
5 DISCUSSION......Page 65
REFERENCES......Page 66
1.2 Finger force and motion......Page 68
2.4 Procedure and data analysis......Page 69
3.2 Finger joint angle......Page 70
4.2 Finger joint angles......Page 71
REFERENCES......Page 72
Part II: Usability & user experience......Page 74
2.2 ASQ (the After-Scenario Questionnaire) (Lewis, 1995)......Page 76
2.4 How to employ the SUM......Page 77
3.2 Comparison between the SUM and protocol analysis......Page 78
REFERENCES......Page 79
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 80
2.1 Usability......Page 81
3 METHOD......Page 82
3.2 Usability evaluation......Page 83
5 ANALYSIS......Page 84
REFERENCES......Page 85
2.1 User characteristics......Page 86
4 IMPROVEMENT OF USER INTERFACE......Page 87
4.1 Solution of usability problems......Page 88
REFERENCES......Page 89
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 92
2 DESIGN OF THE SIMULATED MOBILE ADVERTISINGS INTERFACE......Page 93
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY......Page 94
4 RESULTS OF SUBJECTIVE PREFERENCE......Page 95
REFERENCES......Page 98
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 100
3.3 Experimental procedure......Page 101
4 DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS OF LOW USABILITY PAGES......Page 102
4.2 Comparison between logistic model based on selection model......Page 103
5.1 User’s behavior in low usability pages......Page 104
6 CONCLUSION......Page 105
REFERENCES......Page 106
2.1 Issues and challenges in general......Page 108
3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK......Page 109
3.5 ANP model......Page 110
REFERENCES......Page 111
2.1 Defining target user......Page 112
2.5 Comfort......Page 113
3 SUMMARY......Page 114
REFERENCES......Page 115
2.3 Analysis of literature......Page 116
3.2 Concepts of UX......Page 117
4.1 Scope of UX......Page 118
REFERENCES......Page 119
2.1 Selecting the interviewee......Page 122
3.1 Participants......Page 123
3.3 UX applications in a company......Page 124
REFERENCES......Page 125
2.1 Literature review......Page 126
3.1 Concept of UX quantification......Page 127
3.3.2 Model building......Page 128
REFERENCES......Page 129
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 130
2 THE PROCESS MODEL......Page 131
3.4 Results......Page 133
4 DISCUSSION......Page 134
REFERENCES......Page 135
2.1 Ethnographic method for capturing experiences......Page 136
4 DISCUSSION......Page 137
REFERENCES......Page 138
Part III: Man-machine interface & cognitive ergonomics......Page 140
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 142
3.1 Shape similarity of characters......Page 143
3.2.2 Extended htco (ehtco)......Page 144
4.1.2 Result and discussion......Page 145
4.2.2 Results and discussion......Page 146
REFERENCES......Page 147
2 LITERATURE REVIEW......Page 148
3.2 Survey......Page 149
4.2 Survey......Page 150
REFERENCES......Page 151
2.1 Experimental paradigm......Page 152
2.2 Cognition experiment......Page 153
3.1 Distribution of individual data and HCR model......Page 154
3.3 PSF and HCR model......Page 155
4 DISCUSSIONS......Page 156
REFERENCES......Page 158
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 160
2.3 Experimental design and procedure......Page 161
3 RESULTS......Page 162
4 DISCUSSION......Page 163
REFERENCES......Page 164
1.2 Cognitive process of evacuee......Page 166
3.2 Result......Page 167
3.4 Evacuee’s cognitive process......Page 168
4.1 Experiment......Page 169
4.3 Quality of cognition......Page 170
REFERENCES......Page 171
1 INSTRUCTIONS......Page 172
2.2 The capacity of information searching......Page 173
3 RESEARCH METHOD......Page 174
4.2 Analyzing students’ cognitive differences  ininformation processing and searching capacity when they have various backgrounds......Page 175
4.3 Analyzing students’ cognitive differences in information processing and searching capacity when they are in various information environments......Page 176
4.4 limitations......Page 178
REFERENCES......Page 179
2.1 Memory......Page 182
2.2.3 Verbal transformation......Page 183
3.5 Surrounding & apparatus......Page 184
4.2.1 θ band......Page 185
4.2.2 α band......Page 186
5.2 Error number......Page 187
REFERENCES......Page 188
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 190
2.3 Procedure......Page 191
3.2 Accuracy......Page 192
4.2 Cursor movement direction......Page 193
REFERENCES......Page 194
1.2 Define the scope and limitations......Page 196
2 RESEARCH PROPOSES......Page 197
3 RESEARCH METHODS......Page 198
3.1 Conclusion......Page 200
REFERENCES......Page 201
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 202
3.3 Give me backward not cancel......Page 203
REFERENCES......Page 204
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 206
2.2 Experiment design......Page 207
2.4 Experiment tasks......Page 208
2.5 Experiment process......Page 209
3.2 The difference between the different experiences of subjects......Page 210
4.1 Gesture preference of graphic switch......Page 211
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......Page 212
REFERENCES......Page 213
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 214
3 METHOD......Page 215
3.5 Experiment procedure......Page 216
4.2.1 Multimedia combination......Page 217
4.3 Analysis of scanpath......Page 218
REFERENCES......Page 220
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 222
3 RESULTS......Page 223
4.1 Personal factors......Page 225
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......Page 226
REFERENCES......Page 227
2 BACKGROUND......Page 228
3 PILOT STUDY......Page 230
4 RESULT: INFORMAL ANALYSIS......Page 231
5 CONCLUSION......Page 232
REFERENCES......Page 233
Part IV: Musculoskeletal disorders & ergonomics intervention......Page 234
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 236
2.2.2 Prevention of work-related MSDs......Page 237
2.3 Results of the campaign......Page 238
3.2 An example of back-to-work policy......Page 239
REFERENCES......Page 240
2 METHOD......Page 242
2.1.1 KIM—Key Indicator Method manual handling operations......Page 243
2.2 Integrated risk assessment......Page 244
REFERENCES......Page 246
2.2 Procedures......Page 248
3.3 MSDs checklist analysis and sensitivity, specificity calculation......Page 249
4.1 Prevalence of physical discomforts......Page 250
REFERENCES......Page 251
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 252
3.1 Ink packing tasks......Page 253
3.2 Problems statements......Page 254
3.4 Efficacy of the ergonomics interventions......Page 255
REFERENCES......Page 256
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 258
3.1 Trimming task......Page 259
3.3 Razor-assemble task......Page 260
REFERENCES......Page 261
2 METHOD AND MATERIAL......Page 262
REFERENCES......Page 264
2.1 Subjects......Page 266
3.1 Age......Page 267
REFERENCES......Page 268
1 BACKGROUND......Page 269
2.2 Analyses procedure......Page 271
4 DISCUSSION......Page 272
REFERENCES......Page 273
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 274
2 METHODS......Page 275
3.2 Ergonomic intervention proposal......Page 276
5 CONCLUSION......Page 277
REFERENCES......Page 278
2 METHOD......Page 280
3.1 Work observation......Page 281
3.3 Design improvement......Page 282
REFERENCES......Page 283
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 284
3.1 Level of severity......Page 285
3.3 Comfort of workstation design......Page 286
5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 287
REFERENCES......Page 288
2.2.1 Subjective Workload Index......Page 290
2.3 Statistical analyses......Page 291
3.2.2 Changes of maximal voluntary contraction......Page 292
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 293
REFERENCES......Page 294
2.1 Subjects......Page 296
2.2.3 Activities and operations......Page 297
3.2 Muscle load......Page 298
4 DISCUSSION-CONCLUSIONS......Page 299
REFERENCES......Page 300
1.2 Work place design......Page 302
3.1 On farm data......Page 303
3.3 Personal work load profiles......Page 304
REFERENCES......Page 305
Part V: Bio-signals & ergonomic assessment......Page 306
2.2 Experimental road conditions......Page 308
2.4 Procedure......Page 309
3.2 The distribution of parameters and improper state of psycho-physiology of drivers......Page 310
4 DISCUSSION......Page 311
REFERENCES......Page 312
1.2 Infrared (IR) camera as a skin temperature detector......Page 314
2.4 Data analysis......Page 315
3.1 Temperature during static holding......Page 316
4.1 IR camera as a equipment to evaluate hand mouse interface......Page 317
REFERENCES......Page 318
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 320
2.3 Apparatus......Page 321
3.2 Slope of IE......Page 322
4 DISCUSSION......Page 323
REFERENCES......Page 324
3.1 Measurement of EEG......Page 326
4.1 ERP in steering the wheel......Page 327
4.4 Underlying mechanism for N1, N2, and peak of ERP in motor preparatory activity......Page 328
REFERENCES......Page 329
2 LITERATURE REVIEW......Page 330
3 METHODS......Page 331
3.1 Research samples......Page 332
4.1 Exploratory factor analysis......Page 333
4.2 Confirmatory factor analysis......Page 334
REFERENCES......Page 335
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 336
2 METHOD FOR VEHICLE INTERIOR VISIBILITY EVALUATION......Page 337
3.3 Hybrid tracking and registration......Page 338
3.4 Visual cone drawing......Page 339
5 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK......Page 340
REFERENCES......Page 341
2 SYSTEMATICS FOR THE DESIGN OF THE HAND SIDE OF TOOLS......Page 342
2.1 General analysis......Page 343
2.2 Detailed analysis......Page 344
2.3 Design of the hand side of tools......Page 345
3 EVALUATION OF ERGONOMIC QUALITY......Page 346
REFERENCES......Page 347
2.1 Subjects......Page 348
2.4 Procedure......Page 349
2.5 Data analysis......Page 350
4 DISCUSSION......Page 351
REFERENCES......Page 352
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 354
3 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK......Page 355
4 CASE STUDY: VERIFICATION OF THE PROPOSED EVALUATION FRAMEWORK......Page 356
REFERENCES......Page 358
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 360
2.2 Interactivity attributes in ubiquitous service environments......Page 361
3 CASE STUDY......Page 362
4 CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION......Page 364
REFERENCES......Page 365
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 366
2.3 Experiment design and scenario for FCW......Page 367
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......Page 368
REFERENCES......Page 369
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 370
2.2 Tasks......Page 371
2.7 Hypotheses......Page 372
4 DISCUSSION......Page 373
REFERENCES......Page 374
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 376
3.1 Development of the PASSQ......Page 377
3.2 Effects of systemizing and empathizing on persistence in the acquisition of skills in sport......Page 378
REFERENCES......Page 379
1.3 Multiple Roles Map (MRM) program for the new interventional methods......Page 382
2.3 Procedure of analysis......Page 383
3.2 Are the spillover, compensation, and segmentation confirmed?......Page 384
3.3 Does the MRM program enhance participants’ self-understanding?......Page 385
5 CONCLUSIONS......Page 386
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 388
2.4 Procedures......Page 389
3.2.3 Saemmul type......Page 390
4 DISCUSSION......Page 391
REFERENCES......Page 392
Part VI: Design & ergonomics......Page 394
2.4 Procedure......Page 396
2.6 Experiment B: How form of car influences gap judgment......Page 397
3.2 Experiment A: Comparison of safe distances of five testing cars......Page 398
3.3 Experiment B: How form of car influences gap judgment......Page 399
REFERENCES......Page 400
2.1 Participants and materials......Page 401
2.4 Data analysis......Page 403
3 RESULTS......Page 404
4 DISCUSSION......Page 405
REFERENCES......Page 406
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 408
3 THE RESULTS OF DATA ANALYSIS......Page 409
3.1.1 Canonical analysis of female’s data......Page 410
3.1.2 The data analysis of male’s canonical analysis is with the same way as females’......Page 411
3.2.1 Principal component analysis of size’s variable......Page 412
3.3 Regression analysis......Page 413
REFERENCES......Page 414
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 416
2.3 The HFIR......Page 417
3.1 Case study 1—distinguishing ‘needs’ from ‘nice to haves’......Page 418
3.2 Case study 2—enhancing usability of existing designs......Page 419
3.3 Case study 3—evaluating concepts of new proposed systems......Page 420
REFERENCES......Page 422
1 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS......Page 424
2 IDEA TREE......Page 425
3 THE CONSTRUCTION OF IDEA TREE......Page 426
5 CONCLUSIONS......Page 428
REFERENCES......Page 429
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 430
3 RESULT......Page 431
REFERENCES......Page 432
2.2 Experimental material......Page 434
3.1 The spacial factors and sub-factors......Page 435
4.1 The spacial factors and sub-factors......Page 436
5 CONCLUSIONS......Page 437
2 METHOD......Page 440
2.3 Data analysis......Page 441
3.2 Discussions on the differences between the two kinds of referring behavior......Page 442
3.3 Categories of designers’ idea sketches with the two referring behaviors......Page 444
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 445
REFERENCES......Page 446
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 448
2 PTD FOUNDATIONS......Page 449
3.1.1 Characterization......Page 450
3.1.3 Retrieval stage......Page 451
3.1.8 Elimination/reduction of risk......Page 452
REFERENCES......Page 453
2 LITERATURE REVIEW......Page 454
3.1 Participants......Page 455
4.1 The significance of factor impact and the interaction between factors......Page 456
4.2 Average values of factor levels and variation significance......Page 457
5 CONCLUSION......Page 458
REFERENCES......Page 459
1.1 Emotional design......Page 462
2.1 System of kano categorization......Page 463
3 RESULTS......Page 464
4 DISCUSSION......Page 465
REFERENCES......Page 466
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 468
2.1 Level of automation......Page 470
2.3 Empirical evaluations of CPs based on personnel performance......Page 471
4 CONCLUSIONS......Page 472
REFERENCES......Page 473
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 474
3.1 Finding inventor motivations......Page 475
REFERENCES......Page 476
2.2 Analysis methods......Page 478
3.4 Sidewalks, stairs......Page 479
5 CONCLUSIONS......Page 480
REFERENCES......Page 481
1 INSTRUCTIONS......Page 482
2.2 Colorimetric mechanism......Page 483
3.2 Color chips selection......Page 484
3.3.3 Human-vision’s perception for color ratios......Page 485
5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION......Page 486
REFERENCES......Page 487
2 SICK PRODUCT SYNDROME (SPS)......Page 488
REFERENCE......Page 489
Part VII: Ergonomics for people with special needs......Page 490
2.2 Cognitive areas and cognitive design elements......Page 492
3.2 Icon comprehension......Page 493
3.3 Menu comprehension......Page 494
3.5 Perceived icon size......Page 495
4 DISCUSSION......Page 496
REFERENCES......Page 497
1.1 Background......Page 498
3.1.2 Aesthetics......Page 499
3.2 Preferable design of different age groups......Page 500
REFERENCES......Page 501
2.2 Making six-packs of small production run or specialty beers......Page 504
3.2 Recommendations......Page 505
4.3 Recommendations and interventions......Page 506
5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 507
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 508
3 RESULTS......Page 509
4 CONSIDERATIONS......Page 510
REFERENCES......Page 514
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 516
3.1 The general instructional design theory......Page 517
3.2 The property of different kinds of instructions......Page 518
3.3 The mapping effective procedural instructional design principle and media types on the cognitive constraints of older learners......Page 519
4 DISCUSSION AND FURTHER RESEARCH......Page 520
REFERENCES......Page 521
1.3 Evaluation of Muscle Suit and body mechanics......Page 522
3.5 Observer......Page 523
4.1.1 Knee ankle......Page 524
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......Page 525
REFERENCES......Page 526
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 528
3.3 Control of muscle suit......Page 529
3.7 Analysis......Page 530
4 RESULTS......Page 531
REFERENCES......Page 532
2 MEASUREMENT OF CHARACTERISTICS OF COLD SENSATION......Page 534
2.2 Experimental method......Page 535
3.1 Tactile stimulation presenting method for apparent movement......Page 536
3.4 Stimulation patterns of cold stimulus......Page 537
3.7 Experimental results in the case of new method......Page 538
3.8.2 Possibility of adapting experimental results to elderly people......Page 539
REFERENCES......Page 540
2 SUBJECTS AND METHODS......Page 542
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 543
4 CONCLUSION......Page 545
1 INSTRUCTIONS......Page 546
2.3 Statistical analysis......Page 547
4.2 Relationship between socio-demographic factors and medical experience of filling out an incident/accident report......Page 548
4.3 Relationship between depersonalization and experience of filling out an incident/ accident report......Page 549
REFERENCES......Page 550
1.1 Research motivation and purpose......Page 552
2.3 Definition of life style......Page 553
4.1 Framework of questionnaire research......Page 554
REFERENCES......Page 555
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 556
3.2 Development of modern art education in Taiwan......Page 557
3.2.1 Development of modern art education of elementary in Taiwan......Page 558
4.1.1 Research content and target......Page 559
4.2.2 Difficulties......Page 560
REFERENCES......Page 561
2.1 Survey method......Page 562
4 DISCUSSION......Page 563
REFERENCES......Page 564
Part VIII: Performance modeling & simulation......Page 566
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 568
2.5 Performance measurements......Page 569
3.2 Secondary submovement time......Page 570
3.4 Fitting conventional Fitts’ law......Page 571
4 DISCUSSION......Page 572
REFERENCES......Page 573
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 574
2.2 Experimental setup and procedures......Page 576
3.1 The experiment of normal aiming movement......Page 577
3.3 Model testing......Page 578
REFERENCES......Page 579
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 582
2.2 Algorithm for an autonomous movement of multi-agent......Page 583
3.1 Efficient guidance system......Page 584
3.3 Optimization by recursive procedure......Page 585
4.1 Comparison in the configuration with load factor......Page 586
5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS......Page 587
REFERENCES......Page 588
1 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE......Page 590
3 RESEARCH PROCESS......Page 591
3.3 Induction of patterns......Page 592
4.1 A design pattern can be regarded as a similar concept of script function......Page 593
REFERENCES......Page 594
1.1 Research background and motivations......Page 596
1.3 Virtual team......Page 597
1.4 Work system subsystem model......Page 598
3.1 Correlation analysis......Page 599
4 DISCUSSION......Page 600
REFERENCE......Page 601
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 602
2 TEAMWORK IN THE MCR OF ANPPS......Page 603
3.2 Communication......Page 604
REFERENCES......Page 605
1.1 Motives and purposes......Page 610
2.2 The human factors of online health education information......Page 611
3.2 Stimulus design and experimental procedures......Page 612
4.1 Analysis and discussion on the results of fixation duration and visual attention......Page 613
4.2 The result of analysis on the information reception and learning effectiveness......Page 614
4.3 The result of analysis on extent of preference......Page 615
REFERENCES......Page 616
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 618
2.1 Workstation and operating environment......Page 619
2.4 Subjects......Page 620
3.1 Experiment and statistical analysis......Page 621
4 RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 622
REFERENCES......Page 623
2 OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENTS......Page 624
2.5 Intercorrelation matrix......Page 625
REFERENCES......Page 626
2 METHODS......Page 628
2.6 Data analysis......Page 629
4 DISCUSSION......Page 630
REFERENCES......Page 632
2.1 Collaborative-Filtering recommendation......Page 634
2.1.2 Scalability problem......Page 635
3.2.2 Case-based knowledge recommendation module......Page 636
4.1.4 Generating recommendation lists......Page 637
6 CONCLUSION......Page 638
REFERENCES......Page 639
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 640
2 METHOD......Page 641
3 RESULTS......Page 642
5 CONCLUSION......Page 643
REFERENCES......Page 644