Equity (Research on Economic Inequality)

cover.jpg......Page 1
List of contributors......Page 2
Introduction......Page 4
Redistribution and Marginal Productivity Reward......Page 8
Introduction......Page 9
Rewarding Effort......Page 10
Discussion......Page 12
References......Page 13
Introduction......Page 14
Probabilistic Egalitarianism......Page 17
Conditional and Unconditional Equi-Probability......Page 22
Expected Welfare Comparisons......Page 27
Heterogeneous Populations......Page 30
Conclusions......Page 35
Notes......Page 36
References......Page 37
Introduction......Page 40
Orderings on Rn......Page 42
Orderings on Distributions......Page 44
Relations Between Orderings......Page 45
Welfare......Page 47
Inequality and Welfare Indices......Page 49
Inequality......Page 50
Welfare......Page 51
Inequality-Reducing Policies......Page 55
Fixed Pre-Tax Incomes......Page 57
Fixed Pre-Tax Wages......Page 58
Conclusion......Page 59
Notes......Page 60
References......Page 61
Introduction......Page 64
Basic Properties of Tax Schedules......Page 66
The Degree of Progression......Page 68
Discussion and Conclusion......Page 72
Notes......Page 73
References......Page 74
Appendix......Page 75
Introduction......Page 79
Model......Page 83
Income Tax......Page 86
Expenditure Tax......Page 88
Contrast......Page 89
Model......Page 93
Taxation......Page 95
Contrast......Page 98
Conclusions......Page 101
References......Page 102
Introduction......Page 104
Determining Individual Strategic Weight......Page 108
Data Selection and Microsimulation Software......Page 110
Social Preferences and the Neutrality Index......Page 112
Strategic Weight......Page 116
Female Employment......Page 119
Net Public Transfers......Page 121
Decomposing Net Transfers......Page 126
Conclusions......Page 132
Notes......Page 134
References......Page 135
Progressivity Implications of Public Health Insurance Funding in Canada......Page 138
Introduction......Page 139
Methodology......Page 142
Results......Page 148
Discussion......Page 162
Conclusion......Page 166
Notes......Page 167
Acknowledgments......Page 169
References......Page 170
Public and Private Health Insurance and the Utilisation of Health Care in Spain......Page 173
Introduction......Page 174
Institutional Changes and the Role of Private Insurance......Page 175
Previous Studies for Spain......Page 178
Measuring and Decomposing Inequalities in Health Care Utilisation......Page 179
Decomposing Inequity Over Time......Page 183
Data and Variable Definitions......Page 184
Empirical Results......Page 185
Conclusions and Ways Forward......Page 190
Acknowledgments......Page 192
References......Page 193
Appendix......Page 195
Aging and Inter-Generational Fairness: A Canadian Analysis......Page 200
Introduction......Page 201
Judging Inter-Generational Fairness and Sustainability......Page 203
An Overview of the LifePaths Microsimulation Model......Page 210
Mortality......Page 213
Strength of the Economy......Page 214
Provision for Retirement in the Canadian System......Page 216
Extended Work......Page 218
Relative Indexing......Page 219
Simulation Results......Page 220
Concluding Comments......Page 227
Notes......Page 228
References......Page 230
Appendix: Data and Methods......Page 232
Other Sources of Income......Page 233
In Kind Transfers......Page 234
Changing Poverty or Changing Poverty Aversion?......Page 235
Introduction......Page 236
Preliminaries......Page 238
The Natural Rate of Subjective Poverty......Page 240
Data......Page 241
Preliminaries......Page 242
Correlates of US Poverty Aversion......Page 247
Data......Page 252
Preliminaries......Page 253
Correlates of Country-Specific Poverty Aversion......Page 254
Concluding Remarks......Page 256
Notes......Page 259
References......Page 262
Appendix......Page 265
A Gender-Focused Macro-Micro Analysis of the Poverty Impacts of Trade Liberalization in South Africa......Page 271
Introduction......Page 272
International Trade......Page 274
Income Distribution and Poverty......Page 276
Gender in the South African Economy......Page 277
Building a Gender-Focused Integrated Macro-Micro Model......Page 282
Building a Gender-Focused Social Accounting Matrix with Household-Level Data......Page 283
The Gender-Focused Integrated Macro-Micro Model......Page 285
Simulations and Results......Page 287
Trade and Output Effects......Page 288
Factor Effects......Page 289
Time Allocation Analysis......Page 291
Poverty and Inequality Analysis......Page 293
Conclusions......Page 297
Notes......Page 298
References......Page 299
Trade and Output Effects......Page 302
Factor Effects......Page 305