Environmental Informatics: Challenges and Solutions

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 Environmental Informatics: Basics, Nature, and Applications Using Emerging Technologies with Reference to Issues and Potentialities
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Objective
	1.3 Methods
	1.4 Environmental Informatics: Features, Role, and Stakeholders
	1.5 Issues and Challenges Concerning with the Environmental Informatics Practice
	1.6 Emerging Technologies, Environmental Informatics, and Environmental Management
		1.6.1 Big Data
		1.6.2 Cloud Computing
		1.6.3 Robotics and Artificial Intelligence
		1.6.4 Internet of Things (IoT)
	1.7 Educational Programs and Potentialities in Promoting Environmental Informatics
	1.8 Conclusion
	References
2 Exploring the Role of ICCT Underlying Technologies in Environmental and Ecological Management
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 ICCT Underlying Technologies
	2.3 Objectives
	2.4 Role of ICCT Underlying Technologies in Environmental Management
	2.5 Implementation Strategies of Use of ICCT Underlying Technologies in Environmental and Ecological Management
	2.6 Analysis of Possible Role of ICCT Underlying Technologies in Environmental and Ecological Management Using Qualitative ABCD Analysis
	2.7 Conclusion
	References
3 The Practice of Green Computing for Businesses
	3.1 Origin of Green Computing
	3.2 Evolution of Green Computing Standard and Regulations
	3.3 Green Computing Industry Association
	3.4 Green Computing Initiatives in Organisations
	3.5 Importance to the Environment
	3.6 Greening for IT in Organisations
		3.6.1 Eco-responsibility of Enterprises
	3.7 Application of Basic Solutions to Integrate Green Computing
		3.7.1 Green Computing at Data Centres
		3.7.2 Migration Towards Cloud Computing
		3.7.3 The Concept of Work from Home
	3.8 Recycling of Obsolete Equipment in Organisations
	3.9 Summary
	References
4 Green Information Centres and Allied Foundations: The Concern of Environmental Information and Documentation Practice
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Objective
	4.3 Information Dealing Foundations with Green and Environmental Approaches: The Basics
		4.3.1 Green Information Centre: Basics
		4.3.2 Green Information Systems: Foundations
		4.3.3 Green Information and Knowledge Centre: Basics
		4.3.4 Green Information Resource Centre: Overview
		4.3.5 Green Data Centre: Basics
		4.3.6 Green Documentation Centre: Basics
		4.3.7 Green Information Analysis Centre: Basics
		4.3.8 Green Library: Basics
	4.4 Green Libraries with Concerns and Parameters
		4.4.1 Electrical and Similar Systems
		4.4.2 Building Material and Constructions
		4.4.3 Indoor Air Quality
		4.4.4 Control and Proper Population
		4.4.5 Use of Contents and Documents
		4.4.6 Green Design
		4.4.7 Recycling of the Products
		4.4.8 Technological Systems
		4.4.9 Social Responsibility and Greenery
	4.5 Conclusion
	References
5 A Study on the Social and Economic Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Based Environmental Forecasts
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Some Existing Solutions
		5.2.1 Tools
		5.2.2 Mechanism
	5.3 How AI Impacts Sustainable Development Goals
	5.4 Addressing Environmental Issues Using AI
		5.4.1 Climate Change
		5.4.2 Biodiversity
		5.4.3 Healthy Ocean
		5.4.4 Water Security
		5.4.5 Clean Air
		5.4.6 Weather Disaster Alert
	5.5 Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals with AI Technology
	5.6 IoT Device-Based Monitoring Systems
	5.7 Conclusion
	References
6 AI in Waste Management: The Savage of Environment
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Waste Management
	6.3 Waste Management
		6.3.1 Classification of Waste Management
		6.3.2 The Waste Hierarchy
		6.3.3 Conventional Waste Management Scenario
		6.3.4 Current Waste Management Practices in India
		6.3.5 Barrier and Challenges for Waste Management in India
	6.4 Waste-to-Energy Technologies: Transformation Through Biochemical, Thermochemical, and Mechanical Pathways
		6.4.1 Thermochemical Conversion
		6.4.2 Biochemical Conversion
		6.4.3 Mechanical Conversion
	6.5 Opportunities of Digitalization in Waste Sorting
		6.5.1 Recent Trends of Artificial Intelligence Usage in Municipal Solid Waste Management
		6.5.2 Machine Learning for Forecasting the Generation of Municipal Solid Wastes
		6.5.3 Smart Waste Management Using Artificial Intelligence
		6.5.4 Vehicle Routing
		6.5.5 By-Product Utilization
	6.6 Influential Factors for Smart Waste Prediction
		6.6.1 Institutional Factors
		6.6.2 Social Conditions
		6.6.3 Financial and Economic Factors
		6.6.4 Technical Factors
		6.6.5 Environmental Factors
		6.6.6 Geographic Conditions
	6.7 Conclusion
	References
7 Smart Energy Conservation in Irrigation Management for Greenhouse Agriculture
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Smart Irrigation and Sensors
		7.2.1 Fuzzification
	7.3 Smart Water Management Platform (SWAMP)
	7.4 Smart Water Management Platform (SWAMP)
	7.5 Fertigation
		7.5.1 Essentials and Needs of Fertigation
		7.5.2 Principles of Fertigation
		7.5.3 Relationship in Irrigation
		7.5.4 Advantages of Fertigation
		7.5.5 Preventive Measures
		7.5.6 Applications of Fertilizers
	7.6 Conclusion
	References
8 Role of Artificial Intelligence and IoT in Environmental Monitoring—A Survey
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Literature Review
	8.3 Discussion
	8.4 Conclusion
	References
9 E-Waste Management in Digital Healthcare System and Sustainability Paradigm
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Objectives
	9.3 Methodology
	9.4 E-Waste
	9.5 Digital Healthcare System
	9.6 E-Waste in Digital Healthcare System
	9.7 Sustainable Digital Healthcare E-Waste Management
	9.8 E-Waste Management in Digital Healthcare System Basic Model
	9.9 Emerging Technologies Uses in E-Waste Management in Digital Healthcare System
	9.10 E-Waste in Digital Healthcare System Stake Holder Model
	9.11 Suggestions and Recommendations
	9.12 Conclusion
	References
10 Advances and Applications of Bioremediation: Network of Omics, System Biology, Gene Editing and Nanotechnology
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Bioremediation: The Network of Biochemical Process
	10.3 In Situ and Ex Situ Bioremediation
		10.3.1 Techniques of Ex Situ Bioremediation
		10.3.2 Technology of In Situ Bioremediation
	10.4 Pollutant Degradation by Bioremediation
	10.5 Computational Biology of Degradation Network
	10.6 Gene Editing: Fishing the Functional Gene for Better Bioremediation
		10.6.1 Gene Editing Tools
		10.6.2 Genetic Variation and CRISPR Targeting
	10.7 Microbial Glycoconjugates, Biofilm Formation, and Bioremediation of Organic Pollutants
		10.7.1 Glycoconjugates and Waste Water Treatment: A Network
		10.7.2 Microbial Glycoconjugates in Pesticide Degradation
		10.7.3 Biosurfactant as Glycoconjugate
	10.8 Eco-Friendly Nanomaterials: Mitigation of Pollutants by Microbial Nanotechnology
		10.8.1 Bioremediation with Nanomaterial
		10.8.2 Nano-Iron and Its Derivatives in Bioremediation
		10.8.3 Carbon Nanotubes and Nanocrystals in Bioremediation
		10.8.4 Enzyme Nanoparticles in Bioremediation
		10.8.5 Dendrimers in Remediation
		10.8.6 Microorganism-Mediated Nanotechnology
		10.8.7 Bioremediation of White Rot Fungi Combined with Nanoparticles
	10.9 Microbial Community Proteomics: Microbial Interaction with Environment
	10.10 Discussion
	References
11 Internet of Things (IoT): Emphasizing Its Applications and Emergence in Environmental Management—The Profound Cases
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Objectives of the Work
	11.3 The History of IoT
	11.4 How IoT Works?
	11.5 How Big IoT is?
	11.6 Future of IoT
	11.7 Green Applications of IoT
		11.7.1 Environmental Protection Using Internet of Things
		11.7.2 Communication Between IoT and Environmental Monitoring
		11.7.3 Emerging Internet of Things Environmental Protection Application: The Scenario
	11.8 Atmosphere Control and Climate Change
	11.9 Controlling and Improving Quality of Water via IoT
	11.10 Wastewater Treatment Monitoring
	11.11 Air Monitoring and Internet of Things: The Emergence
	11.12 Conclusion
	11.13 Recommendations and Suggestions
	References
12 LiFi-Based Energy-Efficient Traffic Sensing and Controlling System Management for Smart City Application
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Related Studies
	12.3 Methodology
	12.4 Conclusion
	References
13 Technology-Based Management and Monitoring System to Combat COVID-19: An Environmental Disaster of the Century
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Objective
	13.3 Detection
	13.4 Gathering
	13.5 Communication
	13.6 Social Stigma and Apps:
	13.7 Conclusion
	References
14 Drone Applications in Wildlife Research—A Synoptic Review
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Drones—An Overview
	14.3 Methodology
	14.4 Applications of Drones in Wildlife Research
		14.4.1 Drones in Wildlife Research
		14.4.2 Drones in Wildlife Conservation
	14.5 Challenges of Drone Application in Wildlife Research
	14.6 Conclusion
	References
15 An Integrated Application of AHP and GIS-Based Model to Identify the Waterlogged Zones Susceptible for Water-Borne Diseases
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Study Area
	15.3 Materials and Methods
		15.3.1 Selection of Criteria
		15.3.2 Weight Assignment and Normalization Using AHP Technique
		15.3.3 Consistency Check
		15.3.4 Classification of Parameters for Scoring
		15.3.5 Waterlogging Zone Mapping Using Weighted Overlay Analysis (WOA)
		15.3.6 Validation
	15.4 Results and Discussion
		15.4.1 Parameters
		15.4.2 Estimation of Waterlogged Zones in Uttar Dinajpur District
		15.4.3 Result Validation
	15.5 Mitigation Measures
	15.6 Conclusion
	References
16 An Automated Geoprocessing Model for Accuracy Assessment in Various Interpolation Methods for Groundwater Quality
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Methods
		16.2.1 Geostatistical Interpolation
		16.2.2 Qualitative Assessment
	16.3 Result and Discussion
		16.3.1 Automated Geoprocessing Model
		16.3.2 Interpolation Accuracy Assessment Model
	16.4 Conclusion
	References