Environmental Biotechnology: Reducing Risks from Environmental Chemicals through Biotechnology

Front Matter....Pages i-xiv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The Ecology of an Anaerobic Dechlorinating Consortium....Pages 3-14
Performance of Biodegradative Microorganisms in Soil: Xenobiotic Chemicals as Unexploited Metabolic Niches....Pages 15-29
Tracking Microorganisms and Genes in the Environment....Pages 31-45
Back Matter....Pages 47-57
Front Matter....Pages 59-59
Prospects for Laboratory Engineering of Bacteria to Degrade Pollutants....Pages 61-79
Constructing Microbial Strains for Degradation of Halogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbons....Pages 81-95
Stable Inheritance of Bacterial Plasmids: Practical Considerations in the Release of Organisms into the Environment....Pages 97-104
Biotransformations of Mercury Compounds....Pages 105-109
Back Matter....Pages 111-117
Front Matter....Pages 119-119
Using Knowledge of Virulence Factors to Select or Design Organisms with Low Risk of Pathogenicity....Pages 121-126
Back Matter....Pages 127-139
Front Matter....Pages 141-141
Bioengineering Issues Related to in Situ Remediation of Contaminated Soils and Groundwater....Pages 143-162
Bioremediation of Chemical Spills....Pages 163-171
Microbiological Cleanup of Groundwater Contaminated by Pentachlorophenol....Pages 173-191
Remediation of Multimedia Contamination from the Wood-Preserving Industry....Pages 193-201
Preliminary Development of a Bench-Scale Treatment System for Aerobic Degradation of Trichloroethylene....Pages 203-209
Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons in the Environment....Pages 211-222
Discussion....Pages 223-236
Complex Industrial Waste Sites....Pages 237-252
Biological Approaches for Polychlorinated Biphenyl Degradation....Pages 253-269
Exploitation of the High Affinity and Specificity of Proteins in Waste Stream Treatment....Pages 271-280
Bioprocessing of Coal....Pages 281-293
Anaerobic Fluidized-Bed Treatment of Hazardous Wastes....Pages 295-306
Back Matter....Pages 323-330
Front Matter....Pages 141-141
Environmental Concerns Associated with the Design of Genetic Engineering Facilities....Pages 307-322
Back Matter....Pages 323-330
Front Matter....Pages 331-331
Assessment, Communication, and Management of Environmental Risks....Pages 333-340
Balancing Regulatory Control, Scientific Knowledge, and Public Understanding....Pages 341-350
Environmental Pollution Policies in Light of Biotechnological Assessment: Organisation for Economic Cooperation, United Kingdom, and European Economic Council Perspectives....Pages 351-371
Environmental Protection Agency Actions to Stimulate Use of Biotechnology for Pollution Control and Cleanup....Pages 373-379
Commentary: Some Issues in Biodegradation....Pages 381-383
Back Matter....Pages 385-388
Front Matter....Pages 389-389
Users and Providers of the New Technologies....Pages 391-401
Front Matter....Pages 403-403
Public Participation....Pages 405-417
Superfund Strategies and Technologies: A Role for Biotechnology....Pages 419-429
Back Matter....Pages 431-436
Concluding Remarks....Pages 437-437
Front Matter....Pages 439-441
4-Chlorobenzoate Metabolism by Acinetobacter SP. 4-CB 1 and Its Relevance to Biodegradation of 4,4′-Dichlorobiphenyl....Pages 442-442
Analysis of the Promoter for the Pseudomonas Putida catBC Operon....Pages 442-443
Two Joint Office of Research and Development/Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Projects....Pages 443-443
Modeling the Growth Kinetics and Substrate Utilization of a TCE-Degrading Microorganism....Pages 443-444
A Shuttle System for the Rapid Introduction of Tracking and other Genes into the Chromosomes of Soil Bacteria....Pages 444-444
The Molecular Microbial Ecology of a Catabolic Genotype in a Biological Treatment Process....Pages 445-445
Pilot-Scale Biological Treatment of Contaminated Groundwater at an Abandoned Wood Treatment Plant....Pages 445-446
Cloning and Sequencing of pseudomonas Genes Involved in the Demethylation of the Lignin Degradation Derivative, Vanillate....Pages 446-447
A Novel Method to Detect Genetically Altered Microorganisms in the Environment....Pages 447-447
Successful Microbial Remediations of Large-Scale Hazardous Waste Problems, Soils, and Waste Site Leachate....Pages 448-448
Front Matter....Pages 439-441
Biodegradation of the Herbicide Alachlor in Liquid Culture and a Soil Slurry....Pages 448-449
Microbial Volatilization of Selenium from Soils....Pages 449-449
Transformation and Mineralization of Aroclor 1254....Pages 450-450
Microbial Degradation of Chlorinated Unsaturated Fatty Acids....Pages 450-450
Anaerobic Biodegradation Capabilities of Freshwater Lake Sediments: Influence of Temperature and Sulfate Concentration on the Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenol....Pages 451-451
A New Method for Bacterial Strain Construction in Biodegradation of Xenobiotic Compounds....Pages 451-452
The Organofluorophosphate Hydrolases of Tetrahymena thermophila and Rangia cuneata ....Pages 452-452
Fluidity of Plasmid DNA Fragments Involved in Biodegradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons by pseudomonas putida Strain R5-3....Pages 453-453
Biological Treatment of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Waste Lagoons....Pages 453-453
Enhanced Biological Removal of Toluene from Aqueous Systems....Pages 454-454
On-Site Biological Treatment of Creosote-Contaminated Soils....Pages 454-455
Risk Assessment of Application of Biodegradative Microorganisms for Hazardous Waste Destruction....Pages 455-456
Anaerobic Treatment of Waste Streams from the Organic Chemicals Industry....Pages 456-456
Biological Treatment for Soils Contaminated with Polychlorinated Biphenyls....Pages 457-457
Degradation of Substituted Phenols by Immobilized Bacteria....Pages 457-458
Metabolic Conversion of Lindane to Chlorophenols, Hydrophobic Acids, and More Hydrophilic Products by Streptomyces PSI....Pages 458-458
Respirometric Study of Microbial Degradation of Phenol....Pages 459-459
Field Demonstration of the Effectiveness of Land Application for the Treatment of Creosote-Contaminated Wastes....Pages 459-460
The Land Treatability of Petroleum Refinery Waste Constituents....Pages 460-461
Use of Catabolic Mutants of Pseudomonas Cepacia AC1100 to Isolate Genetic Elements Responsible for 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degradation....Pages 461-462
Front Matter....Pages 439-441
Biological Treatment of Organic Contaminants Using Submerged Fixed-Film Reactors....Pages 462-462
Monoclonal Antibodies for Detection of Environmental Contamination: An Immunoassay for Dioxin....Pages 463-463
Modeling the Methane and Toxic-Degradation Kinetics of Methane-Oxidizing Biofilm Reactors....Pages 464-464
Two-Stage Degradation of Parathion by Flavobacterium Sp. and Pseudomonas Sp.....Pages 464-465
Bacterial Degradation of Chlorinated Biphenyls....Pages 465-466
The Yeast CUP1 Gene: A Model for Biological Detoxification of Heavy Metal Effluents....Pages 466-466
Degradation of Nitroguanidine Wastewater Components....Pages 466-467
Back Matter....Pages 469-505