Entangled Histories of the Balkans, Volume I: National Ideologies and Language Policies

Entangled Histories of
the Balkans,
Volume I:
National Ideologies and Language Policies......Page 4
Contents......Page 6
Note on Transliteration......Page 8
Note on Contributors......Page 10
List of Maps......Page 12
Roumen Daskalov: Preface......Page 14
Section I: Nations and National Ideologies in the Balkans......Page 18
Tchavdar Marinov: Introduction to Section I: Nations and National Ideologies in the Balkans......Page 20
Raymond Detrez: Pre-National Identities in the Balkans......Page 30
A “Balkan Cultural Union”......Page 31
The “Romaic Community”......Page 41
The Patriarchate of Constantinople......Page 43
“Our” Church......Page 48
A Common Denomination......Page 52
A “Culture in the Greek Language”......Page 62
Conclusion......Page 79
Constantin Iordachi: From Imperial Entanglements to National Disentanglement: The “Greek Question” in Moldavia and Wallachia, 1611–1863......Page 84
1. Byzance après Byzance: The Byzantine Model in Moldavia
and Wallachia as the Foundation of Hellenic-Romanian Interactions......Page 93
2. Ottoman “Protection” and Foreign Penetration in the Principalities:
Categories of Irregulars......Page 99
3. Princely Autocracy vs. a Nobiliary State:
Competing Imperial Networks in the Principalities......Page 103
4. The “Greek Question” in the Seventeenth Century:
The “Levantine” Challenge, 1601–1711/1716......Page 106
5. From Street Violence to Historiographical Confrontations:
Anti-Greek Discourses in the Principalities......Page 113
6. Drit de pământean: The “Greek Question” and the
Birth of Citizenship in the Principalities......Page 117
7. The Phanariot Regime and the “Greek Question”
during the Long Eighteenth Century, 1711–1821......Page 120
8. A Greek Victory? From Levantine to Phanariot Domination......Page 124
9. Phanariot Rule and the Development of Citizenship Legislation
in the Principalities......Page 128
10. Restoring the Regime of Nobility Estates:
Citizenship Under the Organic Statutes......Page 134
11. Anti-Phanar after Phanar:
The “Greek Question” in the Post-1821 Period......Page 144
12. Nationalizing the Orthodox Church:
The Secularization of the Property of the Dedicated Monasteries......Page 148
13. From a High-Status Imperial Minority to Kin-Minority Abroad:
The Greek Minority in Modern Romania......Page 155
Conclusions......Page 158
Roumen Daskalov: Bulgarian-Greek Dis/Entanglements......Page 166
The Advance of Hellenism......Page 168
The Igniting of Bulgarian Nationalism......Page 179
Toward Modern Bulgarian Education......Page 197
Toward National Separation: The Church Controversy......Page 205
Greek Nationalism as a Response to the Bulgarian Challenge......Page 217
Bulgarian Nationalism as a Response to Greek Nationalism......Page 238
The Clash over Macedonia and Its Entanglements......Page 249
Alexander Vezenkov: Formulating and Reformulating Ottomanism......Page 258
Ottomanism vs. Islamism and Turkism......Page 260
Ottomanism, Legal Reforms and Universal Values......Page 263
Ottoman Patriotism......Page 267
Ottomanism as Imperial Supranationalism......Page 270
The Purest Ottomans......Page 276
Ottomanism and Islam......Page 277
Ottomanism and Turkish Identity......Page 280
Towards a National Identity......Page 284
The Conflicting Claims and Their Entanglement......Page 290
Macedonian “Proto-Nationalism” and Its Journey Back to Macedonia:
The Illyrian Inspiration......Page 295
The Slavic “Revival” and the Greek Contributions to
Macedonian Nationalism......Page 300
The Macedonian Revolutionary Movement and the Bulgarian
Contributions to Macedonian Nationalism......Page 313
The Ethnography of the “Macedonian Slavs” and the
Serbian Contributions to Macedonian Nationalism......Page 330
Conclusion......Page 346
Section II: Languages and Language Policies in the Balkans......Page 348
Alexander Vezenkov: Introduction to Section Two: Languages and Language Policies in the Balkans......Page 350
Introduction......Page 358
Language and Identity......Page 359
Dialectology......Page 361
Modern National Identity and Romantic Nationalism......Page 366
Vienna and Beyond: One Language or Two?......Page 373
And What about Bosnia-Herzegovina?......Page 380
Language and Identity on the Eve of the Twentieth Century......Page 383
Towards Yugoslav Unity: The First Attempt......Page 385
The Interwar Period......Page 389
Wartime......Page 393
Language and Identity at Mid-Century......Page 398
Towards Yugoslav Unity—The Second Attempt......Page 400
Cracks in the Structure of Yugoslavism......Page 405
Once Again, What about Bosnia-Herzegovina?......Page 413
The Writing on the Wall......Page 419
The End of Yugoslav Unity......Page 423
Language and Identity at the End of the Century......Page 430
Conclusion......Page 433
Introduction to the Debates......Page 436
Language—Dialect: Some Conceptual Remarks......Page 439
Synchronic Axis: Bulgarian—(Macedonian)—Serbian......Page 444
Diachronic Axis: Macedonian avant la lettre......Page 455
Symbolic Struggles and Political Interferences in the Creation of a
Macedonian Alphabet......Page 466
The Codification of the Lexicon and the Definitive Elaboration of
Contemporary Macedonian......Page 474
Language Polemics between Bulgarian and Macedonian Scholars
during Communism......Page 479
The Doctrine of The Unity of the Bulgarian Language......Page 487
Linguistic Revisionism in Bulgaria and in Macedonia......Page 493
Conclusion:
National Languages as a Result of International Entanglement......Page 501
Alexander Vezenkov: The Albanian Language Question: Contexts and Priorities......Page 506
No Nation Without an Alphabet......Page 510
One People, One Party, One Orthography......Page 524
Index......Page 540