Enlightenment contested : philosophy, modernity, and the emancipation of man, 1670-1752

Content: pt. I: Introductory. Early enlightenment, revolution, and the modern age. Ancien Régime and Revolution 
 Historians and the writing of \"intellectual history\" 
 L\'Esprit philosophique --Philosophy and the making of modernity. Spinoza and Spinozism in the radical enlightenment 
 Locke, Hume, and the making of modernity --
pt. II: The crisis of religious authority. Reason and faith: Bayle versus the Rationaux. Europe\'s religious crisis 
 Consensus gentium and the Philosophes 
 Voltaire and the eclipse of Bayle --
Demolishing priesthood, ancient and modern --
Socinianism and the social, psychological, and cultural roots of Enlightenment --
Locke, Bayle, and Spinoza: a contest of three toleration doctrines. Toleration from Locke to Barbeyrac 
 Bayle\'s freedom of conscience 
 Spinoza\'s liberty of thought and expression --
Germany and the Baltic: Enlightenment, society, and the universities. The problem of \'Atheism\' 
 Academic disputations and the making of German radical thought 
 An alternative route? Johann Lorenz Schmidt and \'Left\' Wolffian radicalism 
 Natural theology, natural law, and the radical challenge --
Newtonianism and anti-Newtonianism in the early Enlightenment: science, philosophy, and religion. English physico-theology 
 From\'s-Gravesande to d\'Alembert (1720-1750) --
pt. III: Political emancipation. Anti-Hobbesianism and the making of \'modernity\' --
The origins of modern democratic republicanism. Classical republicanism versus democratic republicanism 
 Democracy in radical thought --
Bayle, Boulainvilliers, Montesquieu: secular monarchy versus the aristocratic republic. Bayle\'s politics 
 Early Enlightenment French political thought 
 The ideal of mixed monarchy --
\'Enlightened despotism\': autocracy, faith, and Enlightenment in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe (1689-1755) Peter the Great\'s \'revolution\' (1689-1725) 
 Europe and the Russian Enlightenment (1725-1755) 
 Locke, Newton, and Leibniz in the Greek cultural diaspora --
Popular sovereignty, resistance, and the \'right to revolution\' --
Anglomania, Anglicisme, and the \'British model\'. --
English deism and the recoil from radicalism 
 French Anglicisme 
 Anglicisme and anti-anglicisme in the mid eighteenth century --
The triumph of the \'moderate Enlightenment\' in the United Provinces. The defeat of Dutch radical thought: the social context 
 Intellectual realignment within the Huguenot diaspora 
 The Orangist restoration (1747-1751). pt. IV: Intellectual emancipation. The overthrow of humanist criticism. Ars critica 
 Secularization of the sacred 
 Man and myth --
The recovery of Greek thought 
 \'Rationalizing the gods\': disputing Xenophanes 
 Strato, Spinoza, and the Philosophes 
 Spinozism: a reworking of Greek Stoicism? --
The rise of \'history of philosophy\'. Pre-Enlightenment \'history of philosophy\' 
 German eclecticism and the rise of a new discipline 
 \'Radical Renaissance\' --From \'history of philosophy\' to history of l\'Esprit humain. Fontenelle, Boulainvilliers, and \'l\'histoire de l\'esprit humain\' 
 Diderot and the history of human thought --
Italy, the two Enlightenments, and Vico\'s \'new science\'. Italy embraces the mainstream Enlightenment 
 Vico\'s \'Divine providence\' 
 A restored Italo-Greek wisdom? --
pt. V: The party of humanity. The problem of equality. Enlightenment and basic equality 
 Aristocracy, radical thought, and educational reform --
Sex, marriage, and the equality of women. Cartesianism and female equality 
 Marriage, chastity, and prostitution 
 The erotic emancipation of woman, and man --Race, radical thought, and the advent of anti-colonialism. Enlightenment against empire 
 Slavery and the early Enlightenment 
 Empire and national identity --
Rethinking Islam: philosophy and the \'other\'. Islam and toleration 
 Bayle and Ibn Rushd (Averroes) 
 Ibn Tufayl and the hidden wisdom of the East 
 The clandestine \'Enlightenment\' of the Zindikites --Spinoza, Confucius, and classical Chinese philosophy. China and Spinozismus ante Spinozam 
 Leibniz, Wolff, and Chinese prisca theologia 
 Voltaire, Montesquieu, and China --
Is religion needed for a well-ordered society? Separating morality from theology 
 \'Moderate\' Enlightenment deist morality 
 Radical thought and the construction of a secular morality --Pt. VI: Radical Philosophes. The French Enlightenment prior to Voltaire\'s Lettres philosophiques (1734). The post-1715 reaction to absolutism 
 The materialist challenge 
 Clandestinity --
Men, animals, plants, and fossils: French Hylozoic Matérialisme before Diderot --
Realigning the Parti philosophique: Voltaire, Voltairianisme, Antivoltairianisme (1732-1745). Voltaire\'s Enlightenment 
 The defeat of Voltaire and the French \'Newtonians\' 
 Breakdown of the Lockean-Newtonian synthesis --
From Voltaire to Diderot --
The \'unvirtuous atheist\'. The \'Affaire La Mettrie\' (1745-1752) 
 Atheistic amoralism --
The Parti philosophique embraces the radical Enlightenment. Radicalization of the Diderot circle 
 The \'quarrel\' of the Esprit des lois (1748-1752) --
The \'war of the Encyclopédie\': the first stage (1745-1752) --
Postscript.