English Language Teaching: Approaches And Methodologies

Cover
Contents
1. Nature of Language
	Introduction
	Meaning of Language
	Characteristics of a Language
	Scope of Language
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
2. Importance and Functions of Language
	Introduction
	Importance of the English Language in India
	Advantages of English as a Language
	Functions of a Language
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
3. Linguistic Principles
	Introduction
	General Principles Governing the Teaching of a Language
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
4. Aims and Objectives of Teaching English
	Introduction
	Aims of Teaching English
	Teaching English at Various Levels
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
5. Stating Objectives in Behavioural Terms
	Introduction
	Objectives
	Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
6. Unit Analysis, Pedagogical Analysis and Lesson Plan
	Introduction
	Pedagogical Analysis
	Four Pillars of Pedagogical Analysis
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
7. Teaching of Prose
	Introduction
	Objectives of Teaching Prose
	Types of Prose Lessons
	Model Lesson Plan on Prose
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
8. Teaching of Poetry
	Introduction
	Teaching of Poetry in Schools
	Model Lesson Plan on Poetry
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
9. Teaching of Composition
	Introduction
	Characteristics of Composition
	Types of Compositions
	Model Lesson Plan on Composition
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
10. Teaching of Grammar
	Introduction
	Meaning of Grammar
	Characteristics of Grammar
	Present Position of Grammar in Indian Classrooms
	Expected Role of Grammar
	Objectives/Aims of Teaching Grammar
	Types of Grammar
	Methods of Teaching Grammar
	Advantages and Disadvantages of Teaching Grammar
	Suggestions for Teaching Grammar
	Model Lesson Plan for Teaching Grammar
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
11. Micro-Teaching
	Introduction
	Micro-Teaching Cycle
	Time Duration of Micro-Teaching
	Teaching Skill
	Questioning
	Micro Lesson Plan: Skill-Questioning
	Skill of Introduction
	Micro Lesson Plan: Skill-Introduction
	Skill of Explaining
	Micro Lesson Plan: Skill-Explaning
	Skill of Illustration
	Micro Lesson Plan: Skill-Illustrating with Examples
	Skill of Stimulus Variation
	Components of Stimulus Variation
	Micro Lesson Plan: Skill-Stimulus Variation
	Skill of Reinforcement
	Components of the Skill Reinforcement
	Micro Lesson Plan: Skill-Reinforcement
	Summary
	Exercises
12. Methods of Teaching English
	Introduction
	Processes of Teaching
	Approaches of Teaching-Learning
	Methods of Teaching English
	Which Method is the Best?
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
13. Learner Centered Approaches
	Introduction
	Types of Approaches
	Structural Approach
	Communicative Approach
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
14. Instructional Material
	Introduction
	Meaning
	Objectives of Audio-Visual Aids
	Characteristics of Good Audio-Visual Aids
	Principles of Audio-Visual Aids
	Advantages of Audio-Visual Aids
	Precautions for the use of Audio-Visual Aids
	Different Types of Aids
	The System Console
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
15. Development of Listening Skills
	Introduction
	Sub-Skills of Language
	Developing Listening Skills in Classrooms
	Different Ways of Conducting Oral Work
	Improvement of Listening Skills
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
16. Development of Speaking Skills
	Introduction
	Acquiring Speaking Skills
	Drilling
	Pronunciation
	Organs of Speech
	The Sounds of English
	Exceptions
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
17. Development of Reading Skills
	Introduction
	Mechanics of Reading
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
18. Development of Writing Skills
	Introduction
	Development of Writing Abilities
	Conventions of Writing
	Handwriting
	Teaching Handwriting
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
19. Extracurricular Activities Related to English
	Introduction
	Extracurricular Activities Related to English
	Language Games
	Debate
	Group Discussion Skills
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
20. Remedial Teaching in English
	Introduction
	Diagnostic Testing
	Remedial Teaching
	English as a Second Language in India
	Common Errors Committed by Learners
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
21. Evaluation
	Introduction
	Test
	Measurement
	Examination
	Evaluation
	Development of Good Test Items in English
	Measurement of Achievement in Spoken English
	Measurement of Achievement in Vocabulary
	Measurement of Achievement in Structures
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
22. Digital Portfolio: Use of ICT in Learning Exercise for Language Competency
	Introduction
	Digital Portfolio
	Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
	Summary
	Terms to Remember
	Exercises
References
Index