Engineering the Transformation of the Enterprise: A Design Science Research Perspective

Preface
	Honoring Robert Winter
	The Organization of the Festschrift
		Part 1: Business Engineering and Beyond
		Part 2: Design Science Research
		Part 3: Applied Fields
Contents
List of Contributors
Part I: Business Engineering and Beyond
	From Business Engineering to Life Engineering
		1 Introduction
		2 Socio-cultural Evolution
			2.1 Technological Evolution
			2.2 Homeostasis as a Driver of Evolution
			2.3 Quality of Life
			2.4 Options in Evolution
		3 Sleepcoach Example
			3.1 Target
			3.2 Data Access
			3.3 Data Collection and Update
			3.4 Machine Learning
			3.5 Market Access for a Digital Sleep Coach
			3.6 Funding for a Digital Sleep Coach
			3.7 Public Regulation
			3.8 Tasks of a Discipline Life Engineering
		References
	Management of Artificial Intelligence: Feasibility, Desirability and Viability
		1 Artificial Intelligence
		2 Competitive Factor
		3 Democratization
		4 Data
		5 Tasks in the Management of AI
		6 State of Research and Practice
		7 Approach
		8 Processes
			8.1 Strategy Development
			8.2 Idea Generation
			8.3 Building Prototypes and Testing
			8.4 Development and Integration
			8.5 Operations and Maintenance
			8.6 Data Acquisition and Data Provisioning
			8.7 Development of Competencies and Culture
			8.8 Development of Technology Infrastructure
			8.9 Management of Risk, Regulation and Compliance
		9 Next Steps
		References
	How Fair Is IS Research?
		1 Introduction
		2 Related Work
		3 Procedure
		4 Use Cases of Algorithmic Fairness in IS
		5 Discussion
			5.1 Technology
			5.2 Organization
		6 Conclusions
		References
	From Business Engineering to Digital Engineering: The Role of Metamodeling in Digital Transformation
		1 Industrial Digital Environments
			1.1 Observations of Digital Innovation Industry
			1.2 Digital Innovation as a Mega Trend in Academia
			1.3 Digital Technology as an Enabler for Digital Innovation
			1.4 Structure and Purpose of the Paper
		2 Foundations About Metamodeling and Method Engineering
		3 Challenges of the Digital Transformation and Role of Metamodeling
		4 From Past to Future
			4.1 Business Engineering
			4.2 Enterprise Engineering
			4.3 Digital Engineering
		5 Benefits and Challenges of Metamodeling in Digital Transformation
		References
	Potentials and Limits of Modeling Using the Example of an Artificial Real-World Model
		1 In Search of the Way the World Works
		2 The Way the World Works Using the Example
			2.1 Model Description
			2.2 Model Discussion
		3 Conclusion and Outlook
		References
	On Model-Based Coordination of Change in Organizations
		1 Introduction
		2 Domain Models
			2.1 The Notion of Domain Model
			2.2 Semiotic Roots
			2.3 It Takes Two to Communicate
			2.4 Generalization to Models
			2.5 Conceptual Models vs. Utilization Design Models
			2.6 Instantiations of Models
			2.7 Modeling Happens Naturally
		3 The Role of Models in Coordinating Change
			3.1 Informed Decision Making
			3.2 Informed Coordination of Change
		4 Challenges on the Use of Models
			4.1 Semantic Grounding of Models
			4.2 Creating Shared Understanding
			4.3 Aligning Normative Frames
			4.4 Agility vs. Coordinated Change
			4.5 Orientation of Models
			4.6 Model Management
		5 Conclusion
		References
Part II: Design Science Research
	Reflections on the Practice of Design Science in Information Systems
		1 Introduction
		2 Approach
		3 Discussion
			3.1 How Well Accepted Is DSR in IS?
			3.2 What Is Design Knowledge?
			3.3 How Is Design Knowledge Generated?
			3.4 How Is Design Knowledge Utilized?
			3.5 Is Work on the Epistemology of DSR Useful?
		4 Conclusions
		References
	Design Science Research of High Practical Relevance
		1 Introduction
		2 Research Background
			2.1 Bridging Academic and Practice in Design Science Research
			2.2 Towards Understanding DSR as a Dance Between Academics and Practitioners
		3 The Journey of Hilti and Its Adoption of BPM
		4 DSR as a Dance Through Time and Space
		5 Discussion and Implications
			5.1 Establishing a Continuing Relation of Mutual Trust and Respect
			5.2 Studying Design Where It Happens
			5.3 Seeking and Embracing Opportunities to Make an Impact
			5.4 Perform the DSR Dance ``On the Flight´´
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Design Pattern as a Bridge Between Problem-Space and Solution-Space
		1 Introduction
		2 The Concept of Knowledge in the Background of Design-Oriented Research
		3 Sharing Design Knowledge
			3.1 Externalization of Design Knowledge
			3.2 Codification Approaches of Design Knowledge
		4 Design Science Research and Design Patterns
		5 Problem-Space and Solution-Space in System Development
		6 Design Patterns to Close Knowledge Gaps
		7 Design Patterns and Their Relationship to Design Principles
		8 Conclusion
		References
	Incremental Accumulation of Information Systems Design Theory
		1 Introduction
		2 Design Science Research and Theory Development
		3 Potential Organizing Devices for ISDT Accumulation Across DSR Studies
			3.1 Means-Ends Proposition
			3.2 Design Patterns Proposition
			3.3 PICO/CIMO Propositions
		4 Proposed Organizing Device for Incremental ISDT Accumulation
			4.1 Search Space: ``Know-What´´
			4.2 Search Space: ``Know-When´´
			4.3 Search Space: ``Know-How´´
			4.4 Search Space: ``Know-Why´´
		5 Guiding Principles of Combination and Transfer Between Search Spaces
		6 Discussion
		7 Conclusions and Future Research
		References
	Assessing the Temporal Validity of Design Knowledge
		1 Introduction
		2 Related Literature and Positioning
			2.1 Linking Design Knowledge and Explanatory Knowledge
			2.2 Generalizability and Reliability of Design Knowledge
		3 Analysis of the Temporal Validity of Inferences in DSR
			3.1 Checks and Practical Recommendations
		4 Discussion and Limitations
		References
	Pedagogy for Doctoral Seminars in Design Science Research
		1 Introduction
		2 Design Science Research Challenges
			2.1 Complexity Challenges
			2.2 Creativity Challenges
			2.3 Confidence Challenges
			2.4 Control Challenges
			2.5 Contribution Challenges
		3 Fields of IS Research
			3.1 Digital Innovation
			3.2 Neuroscience and Information Systems (NeuroIS)
			3.3 Data Analytics
			3.4 Cybersecurity
			3.5 Artificial Intelligence
			3.6 Collaboration in Teams
		4 DSR Doctoral Seminar Curriculum
			4.1 DSR Basics (2 Weeks)
			4.2 DSR Challenges (6 Weeks)
			4.3 IS Research Fields (6 Weeks)
			4.4 Final Research Presentation (1 Week)
		5 Conclusion
		References
Part III: Applied Fields
	Management of Enterprise-Wide Information Systems
		1 Introduction
		2 Challenges for Managing Enterprise-Wide Information Systems
		3 Contributions in Competence Centers and Beyond
			3.1 Results Area 1: Analytical Information Systems
			3.2 Results Area 2: Integration Methods and Models
			3.3 Results Area 3: Enterprise Architecture Management Methods and Models
			3.4 Results Area 4: Enterprise Transformation Methods and Models
		4 Implications for Research and Practice, Today and in the Future
		References
	The Competence Center Health Network Engineering: A Retrospective
		1 Introduction
		2 The Research Focus Health Network Engineering
			2.1 Motivation
			2.2 Classification in the Research of the IWI-HSG
		3 Research Results of the Competence Center Health Network Engineering
			3.1 Networking Capability and Component-Based Modeling
			3.2 Performance Management and Maturity Models
			3.3 Networkability Maturity Model
		4 Relevance of Research and Current Trends
		5 Discussion and Outlook
			5.1 Critical Appraisal
			5.2 Outlook on the Need for Further Research
		References
	A Research Agenda for Studying Platform Ecosystems
		1 Motivation to the Research Agenda
		2 An Overview of the Current State of Research
		3 Conceptual Bases of the Research Agenda
		4 The Research Agenda
		5 Concluding Remarks
		References
	A Concept for an IT-Supported Integrated Earnings and Risk Management to Strengthen the Resilience of Companies in Times of Cr...
		1 Introduction
		2 Financial Methods for Integrated Earnings and Risk Management
		3 Financial Requirements and Solutions for a Consistent, Multi-purpose Data Basis Throughout the Company
			3.1 Tasks of a Multipurpose Data Basis
			3.2 Earnings and Risk Measures for the Valuation of Uncertain Payment Flows
			3.3 Enterprise-Wide Performance Analysis of Earnings and Risk Contributions
			3.4 Continuous Risk Monitoring Based on Consistent Value-at-Risk Figures
			3.5 Incremental Decision Support on the Expansion or Reduction of the Existing Portfolio
		4 Conclusion and Outlook
		References
	Data Vault as a Modeling Concept for the Data Warehouse
		1 Data Modeling in the Data Warehouse
		2 Data Vault Modeling
			2.1 Core Objects of the Data Vault Modeling
			2.2 Auxiliary Constructs of Data Vault Modeling
			2.3 Advantages of Data Vault Modeling
		3 Summary
		References
	Evaluating a Forward-Looking Maturity Model for Enterprise Performance Management
		1 Introduction
		2 Literature Review
		3 Method
		4 Results
			4.1 Evaluating the Company (Validity)
			4.2 Evaluating the Model (Utility)
		5 Discussion and Conclusion
		References
	The Evolution of IT Management Standards in Digital Transformation: Current Status and Research Implications
		1 Introduction
		2 Conceptual Background and Related Work
			2.1 Professional Standards and Related Concepts
			2.2 Related Work
		3 Research Method
		4 The Current State of Professional IT Management Standards
			4.1 Traditional IT Management Standards
			4.2 ITM-Related Standards
			4.3 Digital Technology Management Standards
			4.4 Emerging Standards
		5 Findings
		6 Implications for Research
		References
	Towards Conscious Enterprises: The Role of Enterprise Engineering in Realizing Living Sciences Paradigms into Management Scien...
		1 Introduction
		2 Background
			2.1 Enterprise Engineering
			2.2 Enterprises: A Coherent Whole or a Case of Schizophrenia?
		3 Addressing the Whole: A Challenge of Enterprise Engineering
		4 From the Parts to the Whole and Back
			4.1 Organizational Knowledge
			4.2 Organizational Representation
			4.3 Organizational Consciousness: The Reification of the Whole
		5 Paradigms of Life Sciences: Theories of Consciousness
			5.1 Integration Information Theory of Consciousness (IITC)
			5.2 Damasio´s Theory of Consciousness
			5.3 Lessons from Life Sciences Based Theories of Consciousness
		6 The Enterprise Operating System Concept
			6.1 The Enterprise Operating System (EOS)
			6.2 The Metaphor
			6.3 Modeling and Representational Languages
		7 Conclusion
		References
	Digital Resilience to Normal Accidents in High-Reliability Organizations
		1 Introduction
		2 Resilience in Digitally Enabled Operations
		3 Research Design
		4 Descriptive Analysis
		5 Bibliometric Analysis
		6 Discussion
		7 Conclusion
		References
	Mind the Gap: Why There Is a Gap Between Information Systems Research and Practice, and How to Manage It
		1 Introduction
		2 Conceptual Foundations
		3 Research Method
		4 Results
			4.1 The Researchers´ Perspective
			4.2 The Practitioners´ Perspective
		5 Discussion
		6 Conclusion
		References
	The Connection Between Winter and Information Systems
		1 Introduction
		2 Methodology
		3 Results
		4 Discussion
		5 Conclusions
		Appendix: The Entries Accepted for Content Analysis (n = 36)
		References