Engineering for Sustainable Future: Selected papers of the 18th International Conference on Global Research and Education Inter-Academia – 2019 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 101)

Preface
Contents
Bio- and Environmental Engineering
The Effects of Strip Cropping Systems on Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil in the Moldavian Plain
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 The Methods Used to Determine Soil Erosion
		2.3 Soil Physical and Chemical Properties
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 The Intensity of Erosion Processes
		3.2 The Effects of Cropping Systems on Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
Systematic Review of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models in Biofuels Research
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 ML and DL Methods in Biofuels Research
		2.1 Neural Networks-Based ML Models for Biofuels Research
		2.2 Further Single ML Methods for Biofuels Research
		2.3 Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Ensembles, and Hybrid Models for Biofuels Research
	3 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Modelling Temperature Variation of Mushroom Growing Hall Using Artificial Neural Networks
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Data Collecting
		2.2 Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
	3 Results
		3.1 Training Process
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Formation and Research of Properties of Photocatalytic Materials on the Basis of TiO2 for Water Treatment
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Preparation of Materials
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
Deep Learning and Machine Learning in Hydrological Processes Climate Change and Earth Systems a Systematic Review
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Machine Learning Methods
	3 Deep Learning Methods
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
Chemical Processes and Materials
Color Control of the Mechanoluminescent Material Through a Combination of Color Centers
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
		2.1 Synthesis
		2.2 Characterization
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Luminescence Property for the Single Doping
		3.2 Luminescence Property for the Co-Doping
	4 Conclusion
	References
Corrosion Resistance and Hydrophobic Properties of Gradient Coatings Based on Carbon and Alloying Elements
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
Polarization Properties of a Rectangular Balanced Omega Element in the THz Range
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation
		2.1 Boundary Conditions
	3 Results of the Simulation and Their Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
Real-Time Analysis and Characterization of Dynamic Performances for Coloration-Bleaching Processes in Electrochromic Devices Based on WO3 Layers Prepared by Sol-Gel Synthesis
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Melting Threshold and Thermal Conductivity of CdTe Under Pulsed Laser Irradiation
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Thermal Conductivity of the CdTe Measured by the Photoacoustic Technique
	3 Estimation of the CdTe Melting Threshold
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
Electronics and Nanoelectronics
Structural Properties of BiFeO3 and Bi0,9La0,1FeO3 Powders Synthesized by Sol-Gel Process
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
Numerical Experiments for Studying the Structure of the Electromagnetic Field on the Surface of a Small Spherical Conductive Medium
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement
	3 Analytical Expressions of Field’s Components on the Surface of Spherical Conductive Object
	4 Numerical Calculations and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	References
Photon-Coupled, Two-State Photoswitchable Protein-Based Multiple-Valued Logic
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Two-State Photoswitchable Protein-Based Multiple-Valued Logic
		2.1 The Concept
		2.2 An Example: The Ternary OR Gate
	3 Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Radiation Patterns of Double DNA-Like Helices as Elements of Metamaterials and Antenna Systems
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Presenting the Question
		1.2 Literature Review
	2 Helical Antennas
		2.1 General Characteristics
		2.2 Radiation Patterns of Helical Antennas
		2.3 Calculation of Radiation Patterns of 20-Turns DNA-like Helix
	3 Conclusion
	References
Thermally Annealed in Vacuum Undoped and Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films for Multifunctional Applications
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Morphology and Structure of ZnO Thin Films 
		3.2 Optical Properties 
		3.3 Electrical Properties 
	4 ZnO Applications
		4.1 Undoped ZnO Nanostructured Thin Films as Antireflective Coating
		4.2 Al-Doped ZnO Nanostructured Thin Films as UV Detector
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
Schottky Diode Detectors with Low Leakage Current at High Operating Voltage
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Formation of MIT-Based Photodiodes
	3 Electrical Properties of Cr/MIT/Cr Schottky Diodes
	4 AFM Morphology Study of MIT Crystals Subjected to Surface Processing
	5 Photoelectric Properties of Cr/MIT/Cr Schottky Diodes
	6 Conclusions
	Acknowledgement
	References
Machine Intelligence and Computer Science
Augmented Smart Refrigerator—An Intelligent Space Application
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Architecture of the Augmented Smart Fridge
	3 Functions and Data Structures
	4 Hardware Implementation
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	References
Domain Reduction Techniques for Sequential Fuzzy Indexing Tables – A Case Study
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Sequential Fuzzy Indexing Tables
	3 Domain Reduction Approaches
		3.1 Run-Time Calculations
		3.2 Domain Reduction Using Structures
	4 Comparative Analysis
		4.1 Complexity Analysis
		4.2 Practical Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgement
	References
Building Energy Information: Demand and Consumption Prediction with Machine Learning Models for Sustainable and Smart Cities
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Building Energy Demand Prediction
	3 Building Energy Consumption Perdition
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
List of Deep Learning Models
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Deep Learning Methods
		2.1 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
		2.2 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN)
		2.3 Denoising AutoEncoder (DAE)
		2.4 The Deep Belief Networks (DBNs)
		2.5 Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
	3 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
Advances in Machine Learning Modeling Reviewing Hybrid and Ensemble Methods
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Reviewing Ensemble and Hybrid ML Methods
		2.1 Hybrid Methods
		2.2 Ensemble Methods
	3 Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
State of the Art Survey of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models for Smart Cities and Urban Sustainability
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 ML and DL Models for Smart Cities
		2.1 Artificial Neural Networks in Smart Cities
		2.2 Support Vector Machines
		2.3 Tree-Based Models (Decision Trees)
		2.4 Ensembles, Bayesian, Hybrids, and Neuro-Fuzzy
		2.5 Deep Learning
	3 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Improvement of Abstract Reasoning in Teaching Computer Science at Higher Education Level
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Template Class Library
	3 Abstract Reasoning with the Library
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgement
	References
Measurement, Monitoring, and Identification
About the Size of Photon (Again)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Photon and Photon Beam
	3 Experiments on Photon Size
		3.1 Microstructures Measurement
		3.2 Heterodyning the Light Beams
	4 Conclusion
	References
Development of Plasma Driven Permeation Measurement System for Plasma Facing Materials
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experiment
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Plasma Parameters
		3.2 The Plasma Driven Permeation Behavior in W
	4 Conclusion
	References
Monitoring the Environmental Quality of Marine Waters Through the Analysis of Biomineralization in Bivalve Shells
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
Utilization of Atmospheric Plasmas for Agricultural Applications
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Seed Selection and Seedling Protocol
		2.2 Seed Analysis
		2.3 Soil Treatment and Analysis
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Seed Treatments
		3.2 Soil Treatment Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Colonoscopy Videos: Towards Automatic Assessing of the Bowels Cleansing Degree
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 From Video Colonoscopy to Image Processing
		2.1 Boston Bowel Preparation Scale
		2.2 Pitfalls in Image Acquisition
		2.3 Informative Versus Non-informative Frames
		2.4 Using La*b* Color Space
		2.5 Narrow Band Imaging (NBI)
	3 Conclusions
	Acknowledgement
	References
Modeling and Simulation
Numerical Investigation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Stirred Tank
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Method
		2.1 Geometry of the Stirred Tank
		2.2 Numerical Model
		2.3 Governing Equations
		2.4 K-ω SST Model
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
Internal Temperature Estimation in Microwave Flow Reactors
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Equation of Energy Balance
		2.2 Target Reaction System
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Calculation of a, b and cPA
		3.2 Estimation of Internal Temperature Profile of Reaction Tube Versus Time
	4 Conclusion
	References
Risk Evaluation Model for Information Technology Services in Integrated Risk Assessment
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Integrated Risk Assessment
		2.1 Assumptions
		2.2 Concepts
	3 Risk Evaluation Model for IT Services
		3.1 Conventional Method
		3.2 Proposed Model
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Model of Induced Motion of Inclusions in Inhomogeneously Stressed Crystals
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Approaches
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Formulation of the Problem
		3.2 Two-Level Model of Induced Transitions of Matrix Atoms into the Solvent and Back
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
The Dialogic Advance of Educational Practices
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Background of Research
	3 Interface Engineering: The Human Sphere
	4 The Micro and Macro Management Over Time
		4.1 Micro-managing
		4.2 The Bigger Picture
	5 Conclusion
	References
Prediction of Combine Harvester Performance Using Hybrid Machine Learning Modeling and Response Surface Methodology
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
		2.1 ANN Modeling
		2.2 Network Training
		2.3 ANFIS Modeling
	3 Results
		3.1 Modeling Results
		3.2 Optimization
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Urban Train Soil-Structure Interaction Modeling and Analysis
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data
		2.1 Geometry and Model Specifications
	3 Soil-Structure Modeling
		3.1 Hashash Method
	4 Displacement Interaction Method
		4.1 Original Soil Model
		4.2 Soil-Structure Model
	5 Seismic Loading
	6 Boundary Conditions
	7 Results of Analysis
	8 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Author Index