Encyclopedia of Pest Management, Volume 2

Front cover......Page 1
Contributors......Page 8
Contents......Page 18
Preface......Page 24
About the Editor......Page 26
Adjuvants and Carriers......Page 30
Aerial Ultra-Low-Volume Application of Insecticide to Control Adult Mosquitoes: Minimizing Non-Target Impacts......Page 33
Alfalfa Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 36
Alfalfa Insects: Ecology and Management......Page 40
Animal Breeding......Page 43
Aphid and Aphid-Borne Virus Management: Squash Disease Control......Page 46
Asian Longhorned Beetle: Ecology and Control......Page 50
Asian Longhorned Beetle: Invasion on North American Urban Forests......Page 54
Bacterial Pest Controls......Page 59
Biocontrol: Limits to Use......Page 62
Bioindicators: Use for Assessing Sustainability of Farming Practices......Page 66
Biological Control of Stored-Product Pests......Page 71
Biotechnology......Page 74
Bird Control Chemicals......Page 81
Cabbage Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 85
Cereals: Growing Systems and Pest Occurrence......Page 89
Chemigation......Page 92
Chemistry of Pesticides......Page 96
Cherry Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 104
Cherry Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 108
Climate and Pest Outbreaks......Page 116
Coconut Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 119
Coffee Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 124
Colorado Potato Beetle: Thermal Control......Page 128
Consumer Concerns about Pesticides and Pests......Page 131
Cowpea Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 135
Crop Insect Control: Ant Roles......Page 138
Crop Insect Control: Red Imported Fire Ants......Page 142
Crop Losses to Animal Pests, Plant Pathogens, and Weeds......Page 145
Crop Residues and Pest Problems......Page 150
Crop Rotations for Weed Control......Page 153
Cross-Resistance to Pesticides......Page 157
Cruciferous Root Crop Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 160
Defoliants for Cotton......Page 164
Delusory Parasitosis......Page 167
Dengue......Page 170
Developing Cooperations: Pest and Pesticide Management......Page 173
Domestication of Agricultural Crops......Page 179
Energy Cost and Use in Pesticide Production......Page 182
Energy in Pesticide Production and Use......Page 186
Enhanced Microbial Degradation of Pesticides......Page 190
Equipment for Ground Applications to Adult Mosquitoes......Page 192
Ethics, Biotechnology, and Pesticides......Page 195
Evolved Herbicide Resistance: Fitness Costs......Page 198
Facultative Predation as a Biological Control......Page 201
Field Release, Captive Rearing for......Page 204
Filariasis......Page 208
Fire Ant Attacks on Humans and Animals......Page 212
Flooding: Physiological Adaptations and Weed Control......Page 214
Fruit Crop Pest Management: Weeds......Page 219
Fumigation......Page 223
Genetics of Resistance and Plant Breeding......Page 226
Grape Production in Australia: Integrated Strategies and Bioindicators for Sustainability......Page 229
Grapes and Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 236
Greenhouse Plant Pathogens......Page 243
Groundwater, Pesticides in......Page 247
Hazard Labeling......Page 252
Health Impacts in Developing Countries......Page 257
Helicoverpa armigera: Ecology and Control Using
Novel Biotechnological Approaches......Page 261
Hormonal Disruption in Humans......Page 266
Host-Plant Selection by Insects......Page 269
Household Pest Management: Insects and Mites......Page 273
Hoverflies Indicators of Sustainable Farming and Potential Control of Aphids......Page 276
Immune Deficienc Effects......Page 280
Insect Pest Dispersal......Page 284
Insect Pest Management......Page 287
Insect Pest Management: Lawns......Page 290
Insecticide Reduction on Lawns......Page 296
Insecticide Resistance Management......Page 300
Integrated Pest Management: Principles with Emphasis on Weeds......Page 304
Integrated Plant Control: System and Management......Page 308
International Pesticide Poisoning Surveillance......Page 312
Invasive Insects as Major Pests in the United States......Page 317
IPM Farmer Field School......Page 321
Irradiation......Page 324
Landscape Ornamentals......Page 327
Lawn-Care Treatments: Weeds......Page 332
Legal Aspects of Pesticide Applications......Page 336
Less Hazardous Alternatives: Promotions......Page 339
Lettuce Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 342
Locust Control by Early Identificatio of Breeding Sites......Page 348
Lygus Bug Management by Alfalfa Harvest Manipulation......Page 351
Mammal Trapping......Page 355
Mammalia Pest Impacts in New Zealand......Page 358
Mass-Trapping......Page 361
Mating Disruption......Page 365
Mechanical Weed Control in Agriculture......Page 367
Mechanisms of Resistance to Agrochemicals......Page 373
Mitigating Impacts of Terrestrial Invasive Species......Page 376
Mosquitoes: Biology......Page 379
Mosquitoes: Control......Page 382
Mosquitoes: Human Attacks......Page 385
Mulches and Pests......Page 389
Multilateral Environmental Agreements......Page 392
National Pesticide Poisoning Surveillance......Page 396
Natural Enemies and Biocontrol: Artificia Diets for Rearing......Page 399
Natural Enemies and Biocontrol: Function in Mixed Cropping Systems......Page 402
Natural Enemies and Biocontrol: Monitoring......Page 406
Natural Enemies and Biocontrol: Quality Control Guidelines and Testing Methods......Page 411
Natural Enemies: Destruction by Pesticides......Page 414
Natural Vegetation Management to Improve Parasitoids in Farming Systems......Page 416
Nematicides......Page 421
Neurological Effects of Insecticides......Page 424
Non-Indigenous Species: Crops and Livestock......Page 429
Non-Indigenous Species: Pests......Page 433
No-Till and Pest Problems......Page 436
Nozzle Types......Page 439
Obsolete Pesticides: Management......Page 441
Oils......Page 445
Olive Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 454
Organic Soil Amendments......Page 457
Ornamental Crop Pest Management: Plant Pathogens......Page 461
Papaya Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 464
Papaya Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 469
Parasites on Oulema (Lema) lichenis Voet, 1826......Page 475
Pathogen-Free Stock: Managing Viruses and Viroids......Page 478
Pathogens of Mass Produced Natural Enemies for Biocontrol......Page 482
Pea Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 486
Pea Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 490
Peach Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 494
Peanut Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 498
Pear Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 503
Pecan Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 507
Persistent Organic Pesticides......Page 510
Pest Eradication: Screwworm as a Model......Page 513
Pest Tolerance in Crops......Page 516
Pest-Free Planting Stock: Selection......Page 519
Pesticide Labels......Page 524
Pesticide Reduction: Strategies......Page 528
Pheromone Traps and Trapping......Page 531
Pheromone Use in Integrated Pest Management of Stored Products......Page 536
Physical Barriers: Vertebrate Pests......Page 540
Phytosanitary Quarantine as a Pest Control Method......Page 545
Plant Breeding......Page 548
Plant Food to Enhance Performance of Natural Enemies in Mass Rearing and the Field......Page 553
Poison Baits......Page 556
Poisonous Arthropods......Page 560
Pollution of the Environment......Page 567
Prescriptive Use of Pesticides......Page 571
Protected Crops Pest Management: Insects and Mites......Page 573
Quality Control of Formulations......Page 577
Reducing Pesticide Use: Successes......Page 580
Resistance to Bt Transgenic Plants......Page 582
Rice Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 585
Rodent Exclusion......Page 591
Rodenticides......Page 596
Rotterdam Convention and Pesticides......Page 599
Rouging......Page 602
Runoff......Page 604
Safe Use of Pesticides: A Developing Country’s Point of View......Page 610
Safe Use: Farmers’ Association Point of View......Page 614
Safe Use: Industry Point of View......Page 617
Safe Use: Regulator’s Point of View......Page 620
Satellite Imagery in Pest Management......Page 623
Secondary Pest Resurgence......Page 626
Sheep Predation......Page 631
Silverleaf Whitefl Management Using Reflectiv Plastic and Wheat Straw Mulch......Page 635
Soil Infiltratio by Pesticides......Page 639
Soil Management Practices......Page 643
Sorghum Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 647
Soybean Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 652
Strategies for Reducing Risks with Agricultural Pesticides in Developing Countries......Page 655
Strawberry Arthropods: Ecology and Control......Page 659
Strawberry Insects and Mites in California: Ecology and Control......Page 663
Submerged Aquatic Weeds: Costs and Benefit of Mechanical and Chemical Control......Page 666
Sugarcane Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 672
Sunflowe Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 676
Surveillance......Page 681
Sweetpotato Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 684
Synergy with Microorganisms......Page 687
Systematics and Biological Pest Control......Page 690
Systemic Insecticides......Page 693
Tea Diseases: Ecology and Control......Page 697
Tea Insects: Ecology and Control......Page 701
Temperate-Climate Fruit Crop Pest Management: Plant Pathogens......Page 704
Tillage and Cultivation......Page 709
Vegetable Crop Pest Management: Insects and Mites......Page 715
Unisexual Parasitoids in Biological Control......Page 712
Virus for the Biological Control of Insects......Page 718
Vole Management for Orchards......Page 722
Weed Management: Biological and Chemical Approaches......Page 725
Weed Management: Home Landscaping......Page 728
Weed Management: Introduction and Mechanical and Cultural Approaches......Page 731
Weed Management: Ornamental Nurseries......Page 734
Weed Seed Dormancy: Implications for Weed Management Strategies......Page 737
Weeds and Carbon Dioxide......Page 741
West Nile Virus and Mosquito Control......Page 744
Wood Preservation......Page 748
Worker Pesticide Exposure......Page 751
Worker Protection Standard......Page 754
Index......Page 758
Back cover......Page 783