Encyclopedia of Aging and Public Health (Springer Reference)

Cover......Page 1
front-matter......Page 2
Respiratory System......Page 20
Endocrine System......Page 21
Brain and Sensory Systems......Page 22
Life Span......Page 23
Genetic Theory......Page 24
Free Radical Theory......Page 25
Cell Death: Necrosis and Apoptosis......Page 26
Hutchinson–Gilford Syndrome......Page 27
References......Page 28
Suggested Resources......Page 29
Demographics and Trends of Older Adults......Page 30
Sexual Orientation......Page 31
Healthy Aging......Page 32
Exercise......Page 33
Mental Health......Page 34
Substance Abuse......Page 35
Housing......Page 36
Automobiles......Page 37
Grandparents Raising Grandchildren......Page 38
Crime......Page 39
Conclusions......Page 40
Suggested Resources......Page 41
America's Ethnogeriatric Imperative......Page 42
Organizational Cultural Competence......Page 43
Provider Cultural Competence......Page 46
Health Risks of Elders from Diverse Backgrounds......Page 47
Health Beliefs and Practices......Page 48
Culturally Appropriate Respect......Page 49
Explanatory Models of Illness......Page 50
Acknowledgment......Page 51
References......Page 52
Tools for Surrogate Decision Making......Page 54
Mrs. H......Page 55
Powers of Attorney......Page 56
Revocable Living Trusts......Page 58
Advance Medical Directives......Page 59
Guardianship/ConservatorshipSome states, following the Uniform Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Act, use the term &ldqu......Page 62
Mrs. S......Page 64
Mrs. Q......Page 65
References......Page 66
Introduction......Page 68
The Requirement of Informed Consent......Page 69
Presenting Information......Page 70
Assessing Capacity to Consent......Page 71
Under What Conditions Will Capacity Be Assessed?......Page 72
How Will the Accuracy of the Assessment be Verified?......Page 73
Confidentiality of the Data......Page 74
Assessing and Balancing Risks and Benefits......Page 75
Advance Directives for Research......Page 76
Surrogate Consent......Page 77
References......Page 80
Vaginal Bleeding......Page 84
Suggested Readings......Page 367
Aging versus Decline......Page 86
Age-Related Changes in HPA......Page 601
Medications......Page 87
Suggested Readings......Page 472
Transporation......Page 88
Venous Thromboembolism......Page 537
Structural Barriers......Page 89
Falls......Page 90
Acculturation......Page 91
Lipofuscin......Page 93
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)......Page 94
HIV Testing......Page 95
Care and Treatment......Page 96
Activities of Daily Living......Page 97
Introduction......Page 98
Public Health Perspective......Page 99
Acupuncture......Page 100
Adaptation......Page 101
Suggested Readings......Page 102
Epidemiology......Page 103
Adherence......Page 104
Programs and Services......Page 106
Funding......Page 107
Suggested Readings......Page 108
Adult Development......Page 109
Adult Education......Page 110
Adult Foster Care......Page 111
Adult Protective Services......Page 112
Advance Directives......Page 113
Adverse Drug Reactions......Page 114
Affirmative Action......Page 116
African Americans......Page 117
Alzheimer's Disease......Page 118
Sexual Health......Page 119
Epidemiology......Page 120
Treatment......Page 121
Ageism......Page 122
Suggested Readings......Page 123
Negative Health Sequelae of Problem Drinking......Page 124
Traditional Treatment Approaches......Page 125
Alopecia......Page 126
Sensescent Alopecia......Page 127
Physical Health......Page 128
Suggested Readings......Page 129
Alzheimer's Disease......Page 130
Ambiguous Loss......Page 133
Americans with Disabilities Act......Page 134
Suggested Resources......Page 135
American Indians and Alaskan Natives......Page 136
Suggested Resources......Page 138
Metabolic (Diabetic) Amputations......Page 139
Anemia......Page 140
Anger......Page 141
Angioplasty......Page 142
Related Topics......Page 143
Nutrition......Page 144
Mind-Body Relationship......Page 145
Anxiety Disorders......Page 146
Aphasia......Page 149
Area Agency on Aging......Page 151
Arthritis......Page 152
Asians and Pacific Islanders......Page 154
Suggested Readings......Page 156
Assisted Living......Page 157
Attachment Theory......Page 158
Suggested Readings......Page 159
Autoimmune Disorders......Page 160
Related Topics......Page 161
Age-Related Changes to the Immune System......Page 162
Suggested Readings......Page 163
Lymphoma......Page 164
Safer Sex......Page 725
Causes......Page 166
Suggested Resources......Page 840
Hair Replacement......Page 421
Treatment......Page 167
Related Topics......Page 616
Suggested Readings......Page 405
Behavioral Modification......Page 168
Transgenderism......Page 169
Single Status and Living Alone......Page 171
Related Topics......Page 540
Suggested Resources......Page 172
Related Topics......Page 510
Biofeedback......Page 173
Geriatric Psychiatry......Page 174
Suggested Resources......Page 176
Related Topics......Page 623
Related Topics......Page 626
Bladder Cancer......Page 177
Suggested Readings......Page 179
High-Risk Populations......Page 801
Risk Factors......Page 628
Suggested Readings......Page 181
Board and Care Homes......Page 182
Suggested Resources......Page 183
Depression......Page 288
Body Fat......Page 184
Body Image......Page 185
Suggested Resources......Page 825
Body Mass Index......Page 186
Related Topics......Page 187
Intimate Partner Violence......Page 493
Suggested Readings......Page 656
Botox......Page 188
Suggested Resources......Page 189
Large Bowel Obstruction......Page 190
Breast Augmentation......Page 191
Breast Cancer......Page 193
Breast Examination......Page 194
Suggested Readings......Page 450
Breast Reconstruction......Page 196
Memory Loss: What is "Normal"?......Page 197
Suggested Resources......Page 198
Calcium Disorders......Page 200
Advantages......Page 201
Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis......Page 600
Suggested Resources......Page 202
Palliative and Hospice Care......Page 273
Lung Cancer......Page 203
Suggested Readings......Page 204
Women......Page 831
Longevity Gap......Page 205
Prostate......Page 206
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act......Page 619
Suggested Readings......Page 373
Suggested Resources......Page 818
Capacity......Page 208
Suggested Resources......Page 209
Suggested Resources......Page 374
Parasuicidal Behavior......Page 642
Delusional Disorder......Page 281
Cardiovascular Disease......Page 210
Suggested Readings......Page 212
Mastectomy......Page 433
Suggested Resources......Page 215
Travel......Page 798
Sexuality......Page 216
Hayflick's Limit Theory......Page 217
Suggested Readings......Page 218
Suggested Readings......Page 490
Centenarians......Page 219
Medical Imaging......Page 220
Suggested Resources......Page 524
Chemotherapy......Page 221
Suggested Resources......Page 222
Endoscopy......Page 342
Perception and Aging......Page 658
Suggested Readings......Page 224
Bunions......Page 225
Cholesterol......Page 226
Ethics......Page 349
Suggested Readings......Page 227
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome......Page 228
Blister......Page 229
Homeopathy......Page 445
Treatment......Page 230
Structure and Purpose......Page 231
Suggested Resources......Page 667
Considerations for Participants......Page 232
Speech, Language, and Aging......Page 233
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy......Page 234
Studies of Cognition in Aging Individuals......Page 235
General Considerations in Caring for Mentally Retarded Adults......Page 236
Suggested Readings......Page 237
Coitus and Vaginal Dryness......Page 238
Suggested Readings......Page 239
Colonoscopy......Page 240
Colorectal Cancer......Page 241
Suggested Readings......Page 242
Risk Factors......Page 243
Suggested Readings......Page 244
Conclusion......Page 679
Complementary and Alternative Health Practices......Page 245
Confidentiality......Page 246
Suggested Resources......Page 247
Congestive Heart Failure......Page 248
Conservatorship......Page 249
Subdural Hematoma......Page 251
The Continuity Theory of Aging......Page 252
Public Health Perspective......Page 253
Resilience and Mindfulness......Page 254
Older Adults......Page 255
Cultural Considerations......Page 256
Suggested Readings......Page 257
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting......Page 258
Epidemiology of Coronary Heart Disease in the Elderly......Page 259
Management of Angina Pectoris (Chest Pain Due to Myocardial Ischemia/Lack of Oxygen to the Heart Tissue) in the Elderly......Page 260
Management of Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly......Page 261
Coronary Risk Factors......Page 262
Hypertension......Page 263
Smoking......Page 264
Diabetes Mellitus......Page 265
Suggested Readings......Page 266
Cremation......Page 267
Crime......Page 268
The Cross-Linkage Theory of Aging......Page 269
Public Health Perspective......Page 270
Suggested Readings......Page 271
Related Topics......Page 272
Rational Suicide......Page 709
Suggested Readings......Page 274
Laxative abuse......Page 406
Diagnosis......Page 807
Death with Dignity Act......Page 275
Childless Relationship......Page 372
Defined Benefit Plan......Page 276
Related Topics......Page 277
Suggested Readings......Page 278
Violence......Page 279
Dementia......Page 282
Tuberculosis......Page 800
Suggested Readings......Page 284
Demographic Transition Theory of Aging......Page 285
Femininity......Page 379
Suggested Resources......Page 419
Sigmoidoscopy......Page 746
Dentures......Page 287
Dermatitis (Eczema)......Page 290
Related Topics......Page 291
Developmental Disabilities and Aging......Page 292
Suggested Resources......Page 293
Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs)......Page 295
Related Topics......Page 348
Physical and Health Losses......Page 529
Homelessness......Page 296
Daily Food Guide......Page 297
Liquid Supplements......Page 298
Suggested Resources......Page 299
Sleep Disorders......Page 753
Discrimination......Page 300
Suggested Readings......Page 301
Related Topics......Page 571
Diagnosis and Treatment......Page 302
Use of Medication......Page 303
Diagnosis and Treatment of Speech and Language Disorders......Page 304
Related Topics......Page 305
Divorce......Page 306
Doctor-Patient Relationship......Page 307
Suggested Readings......Page 308
Patient Has Been Informed about the Situation and Prospects......Page 674
There is No Reasonable Alternative......Page 309
Down Syndrome......Page 311
Driving Safety......Page 312
Drug Interactions......Page 313
Suggested Resources......Page 314
Hypertension......Page 462
Related Topics......Page 315
Suggested Resources......Page 316
Postmenopausal Bleeding......Page 683
Related Topics......Page 317
Abstinence......Page 781
Dysthymia......Page 318
Suggested Resources......Page 319
Kidney......Page 320
Suggested Resources......Page 321
Edema......Page 324
Suggested Resources......Page 788
Education......Page 327
Suggested Resources......Page 328
Transportation Services......Page 794
Suggested Readings......Page 507
Suggested Resources......Page 329
Transsexuality......Page 795
Libido and Sexual Desire......Page 330
Nutrition......Page 608
Electroencephalogram......Page 332
Suggested Readings......Page 333
Emotions Across the Life Span......Page 334
Fat......Page 335
Suggested Resources......Page 836
Suggested Readings......Page 380
Empty Nest Syndrome......Page 337
Suggested Resources......Page 338
Advance directives......Page 339
Niacin......Page 824
Hospice and Palliative Care......Page 340
Related Topics......Page 341
Folic Acid......Page 489
Financial Planning......Page 385
Related Topics......Page 344
Impact of Aging in Management of Ovarian Cancer......Page 345
Related Topics......Page 387
Epilepsy......Page 346
Suggested Resources......Page 528
Suggested Resources......Page 497
Informed Consent and Health-Care Decision-Making......Page 350
Suggested Resources......Page 351
Memory Classification......Page 391
Ethnicity......Page 352
Suggested Resources......Page 763
Suggested Resources......Page 357
Homosexuality......Page 448
Euthanasia, Aging, and Public Health......Page 358
Homosexual......Page 359
Exercise......Page 360
Related Topics......Page 361
Suggested Readings......Page 362
Eye Care......Page 363
Suggested Resources......Page 364
Yeast Infections......Page 366
Suggested Readings......Page 398
Suggested Readings......Page 368
Widowhood......Page 828
Falls Prevention......Page 369
Suggested Resources......Page 370
Generation Gap......Page 371
Related Topics......Page 506
Suggested Readings......Page 538
Post-phlebitis Syndrome......Page 539
Gerontology......Page 409
Suggested Readings......Page 512
Federal Poverty Level......Page 375
Suggested Readings......Page 376
Suggested Resources......Page 377
Suggested Readings......Page 378
Vitamins......Page 823
Fibromyalgia......Page 382
Ultrasonography......Page 383
Related Topics......Page 384
Firearms......Page 388
Heel Spurs......Page 389
Vision......Page 390
Foster Grandparent Program......Page 392
Socioeconomic Status......Page 766
Free Radicals and Reactive Oxygen Species......Page 393
Protection against Free-Radicals: Caloric Restriction......Page 394
Related Topics......Page 395
Suggested Readings......Page 396
Smoking......Page 397
Gallbladder Disease......Page 399
Related Topics......Page 400
Testis......Page 401
Suggested Resources......Page 402
Quality of Life and Care of People at’the End of Life......Page 637
Related Topics......Page 404
Health Beliefs......Page 427
Economic Gap......Page 408
Sexual Assault......Page 733
Giant Cell Arteritis......Page 410
Suggested Resources......Page 411
Suggested Resources......Page 819
Related Topics......Page 412
Suggested Readings......Page 413
Gray Panthers......Page 414
Grief and Grieving......Page 416
Related Topics......Page 417
Guardianship......Page 418
Related Topics......Page 420
Related Topics......Page 701
Scleroderma......Page 728
Surgery......Page 422
Suggested Readings......Page 423
Impulsivity......Page 424
Veterans......Page 817
Nosocomial Infections......Page 425
Health Insurance......Page 428
Masculinity......Page 430
Traumatic Injury......Page 796
Suggested Reading......Page 738
Health Promotion......Page 431
Pensions......Page 434
Pacemakers......Page 435
Heartburn......Page 436
Related Topics......Page 437
Medicaid......Page 550
Hernias......Page 438
Hip Fracture......Page 439
Hoarding......Page 440
Skin Care......Page 750
Home Health Care......Page 441
Suggested Readings......Page 443
Suggested Resources......Page 444
Suggested Readings......Page 446
Memory......Page 447
Hormones......Page 451
Suggested Readings......Page 453
Hormone Therapy in Menopause......Page 454
Hospice......Page 457
Housing......Page 459
Speech Disorders......Page 767
Human Papilloma Virus......Page 460
Suggested Resources......Page 461
Complications of Hypertension in the Elderly......Page 463
Calcium Channel Blockers......Page 464
Hypochondriasis......Page 465
Hysterectomy......Page 467
Suggested Resources......Page 469
Identity and Memory......Page 470
Vaginismus......Page 471
Suggested Resources......Page 474
Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia......Page 475
Rehabilitation......Page 476
Prevention of Nosocomial Infections......Page 478
Related Topics......Page 834
Decisional Capacity......Page 481
Suggested Readings......Page 482
Suggested Resources......Page 483
Inheritance......Page 484
Suggested Readings......Page 485
Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia......Page 486
Nursing Homes......Page 487
Alternatives to Traditional Institutionalization......Page 488
Clinical Picture......Page 743
MRI Scanning......Page 553
Intersexuality......Page 492
Peptic Ulcer Disease......Page 494
Suggested Readings......Page 495
Isolation......Page 496
K......Page 498
Suggested Readings......Page 499
Kidney Disease......Page 500
Suggested Readings......Page 501
Laparoscopy in the Elderly......Page 503
Suggested Resources......Page 504
Yoga......Page 838
Approach to Learned Helplessness......Page 508
Suggested Resources......Page 509
Older Women's League......Page 618
Parkinson's Disease......Page 511
Patients' Rights......Page 515
Light Therapy......Page 517
Pelvic Examination......Page 650
Liposuction......Page 518
Liver Disease......Page 520
Living Trust......Page 522
Suggested Resources......Page 523
Loneliness......Page 525
Long-Term Care......Page 526
Suggested Resources......Page 527
Suggested Readings......Page 563
Hearing......Page 530
Lyme Disease......Page 531
Suggested Resources......Page 532
Related Topics......Page 533
Malnutrition......Page 534
Prognosis......Page 535
Screening Recommendations......Page 536
Temporary Restraining Orders......Page 789
Suggested Resources......Page 731
Suggested Resources......Page 541
Marriage......Page 542
Suggested Readings......Page 544
Suggested Readings......Page 545
Suggested Readings......Page 547
Vitamin D......Page 548
Suggested Resources......Page 549
Pedestrian Injuries......Page 649
Suggested Readings......Page 552
Surgical Management......Page 554
Pension......Page 555
Medicare......Page 556
Disturbances of the hair cycle......Page 752
Medicare Supplemental Insurance......Page 558
Suggested Readings......Page 560
Medication Management......Page 561
Related Topics......Page 562
Melanoma......Page 564
Suggested Resources......Page 565
Mild Cognitive Impairment......Page 568
Related Topics......Page 569
Physiologic Changes......Page 572
Medical Risks for Postmenopausal Women......Page 573
Mental Illness......Page 574
Mental Retardation......Page 577
Diagnosis and Treatment of Mentally Retarded Adults......Page 578
Related Topics......Page 580
Midlife Crisis......Page 581
Migration......Page 582
Related Topics......Page 583
Suggested Readings......Page 584
Clinical Presentation......Page 678
Minority Seniors......Page 585
Classes of euphoria producing substances......Page 780
Moles......Page 586
Mood Disorders......Page 587
Morbidity......Page 590
Mortality......Page 591
Suggested Resources......Page 592
Multiple Sclerosis......Page 593
Suggested Resources......Page 594
Therapies for Myocardial Infarction......Page 595
Related Topics......Page 597
Suggested Readings......Page 598
Suggested Resources......Page 599
Queer......Page 702
Peripheral Neuropathy: Broad Range of Causes......Page 602
Noninvasive Devices......Page 730
Principles of Care......Page 603
Specific Types of Nosocomial Infections......Page 604
Suggested Readings......Page 606
Wrinkles......Page 835
Serum Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease......Page 609
Vitamin A......Page 610
Vitamin C......Page 611
Wandering Behavior......Page 612
Related Topics......Page 613
Suggested Resources......Page 614
Rape......Page 708
Occupational Therapy......Page 615
Related topic......Page 617
Treatment......Page 816
Suggested Readings......Page 620
Pathogenesis......Page 625
Osteoporosis and Osteopenia......Page 627
Suggested Resources......Page 629
Diagnosis......Page 630
Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy......Page 631
Suggested Resources......Page 632
Pain......Page 633
Pain Management......Page 635
Related Topics......Page 787
Related Topics......Page 638
Related Topics......Page 639
Suggested Resources......Page 641
Stereotypes......Page 832
Suggested Resources......Page 643
Related Topics......Page 644
Sexual Behavior......Page 645
Benefits......Page 646
Related Topics......Page 647
The Patient Self-Determination Act......Page 648
Definitions and Description......Page 653
Health Issues for Rural Elders......Page 722
Surgical Treatment Options......Page 654
Suggested Readings......Page 655
Related Topics......Page 659
Periodontics......Page 660
Perimenopause......Page 661
Suggested Readings......Page 663
Permanent Make-Up......Page 664
Personality Disorders......Page 665
Pets......Page 666
What is a Comprehensive Examination?......Page 668
Physical Therapy......Page 670
Suggested Resources......Page 671
Social Support......Page 672
Perspectives from the United States and International Debate on Physician‐Assisted Death......Page 673
Physician-Assisted Suicide......Page 675
Ethical and Legal Issues......Page 676
Suggested Resources......Page 677
Polyamory......Page 680
Polymyalgia Rheumatica......Page 681
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus......Page 785
Polypharmacy......Page 682
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder......Page 684
Prenuptial Agreement......Page 685
Lifestyle......Page 686
Probate......Page 687
Suggested Readings......Page 689
Prostate Cancer......Page 690
Suggested Readings......Page 692
Pseudodementia......Page 693
Psychosomatic Disorder......Page 694
Suggested Resources......Page 695
Suggested Readings......Page 696
Pulmonary Disorders......Page 697
Suggested Resource......Page 698
Quality of Life......Page 699
R......Page 704
Suggested Readings......Page 707
Regional Rheumatic Pain......Page 710
Suggested Readings......Page 711
Suggested Readings......Page 712
Religion and Health......Page 713
Suggested Resources......Page 714
Suggested Readings......Page 715
Retirement......Page 716
Annuities......Page 717
Rheumatoid Arthritis......Page 718
Role Loss......Page 720
Rosacea......Page 721
Challenges and Disparities in Rural’Care......Page 723
Suggested Readings......Page 724
Suggested Resources......Page 726
Veterans Administration......Page 732
Related Topics......Page 792
Suggested Readings......Page 810
Sexual Dysfunction......Page 736
Treatments......Page 737
Suggested Readings......Page 740
Sexually Transmitted Disease......Page 741
Prevention and Infection control......Page 744
Siblings......Page 745
Suggested Readings......Page 747
Sjogren's Syndrome......Page 748
Skilled Nursing Facility......Page 749
Skin Disorders......Page 751
Sleep Hygiene......Page 756
Suggested Readings......Page 757
Social Security Benefits......Page 759
Social Stress......Page 761
Anomia......Page 768
Suggested Readings......Page 769
Spirituality and Health......Page 770
Stem Cells......Page 772
Suggested Readings......Page 773
Implications for Elders......Page 774
Stress......Page 775
Stroke......Page 777
Suggested Resources......Page 779
Chemical dependence or addiction......Page 782
Suicide......Page 783
Survivor Benefits......Page 784
Related Topics......Page 786
Thyroid Disease......Page 791
Related Topics......Page 793
Trigeminal Neuralgia......Page 799
Suggested Resources......Page 802
Uniform Probate Code......Page 803
Weight Maintenance......Page 827
Suggested Resources......Page 804
Behavioral Therapy or Behavioral Modification......Page 805
Female Urinary Tract Infections......Page 806
Uterine Fibroids......Page 808
V......Page 811
Definition and Significance......Page 812
Treatment......Page 813
Varicose Veins......Page 814
Diagnosis......Page 815
Vision......Page 821
W......Page 826
Suggested Resources......Page 829
Wisdom and Aging......Page 830
Grieving......Page 833
Y......Page 837
back-matter......Page 841