Emergency Planning (Wiley Pathways)

Copyright......Page 6
About the Author......Page 7
Preface......Page 9
Acknowledgments......Page 17
Brief Contents......Page 19
Contents......Page 21
1: Introduction to Emergency Planning......Page 31
Introduction......Page 32
Emergencies, Disasters and Catastrophes......Page 33
The Work of Emergency Management......Page 35
Distinguishing Emergency Planning from Emergency Operations......Page 38
The Public Policy Context......Page 40
The Intergovernmental System......Page 41
Adopting and Implementing Environment Hazard Policy......Page 42
Local Agency Involvement in Hazards Policy Implementation......Page 44
The Local Jurisdictional Context......Page 47
The Local Structure for Emergency Planning......Page 48
Business and Emergency Planning......Page 51
Connecting the Dots: A Picture of the Local Planning Process......Page 53
Key Terms......Page 58
Review Questions......Page 60
Applying This Chapter......Page 61
You Try It......Page 62
2: The Emergency Planning Process......Page 63
Introduction......Page 64
Planning Practice......Page 66
Planning for Public Jurisdictions......Page 68
Planning for Industry......Page 73
Conducting and Evaluating Training, Drills, and Exercises......Page 80
Guidelines for the Emergency Planning Process......Page 81
Managing Resistance to the Planning Process......Page 82
Rely on Accurate Assumptions......Page 83
Link Emergency Response to Disaster Recovery and Hazard Mitigation......Page 85
Adopt a Continuous Planning Process......Page 86
Summary......Page 87
Key Terms......Page 88
Review Questions......Page 90
Applying This Chapter......Page 91
You Try It......Page 92
3: Patterned Human Behavior in Disasters......Page 93
Myths about Human Response to Disasters......Page 94
Patterns of Citizen Responses......Page 95
The Disaster Syndrome......Page 97
Panic and Panic Flight......Page 99
Positive Patterns of Behavior......Page 100
Expected Human Behavior in Emergencies......Page 104
Expectations Regarding Stress Effects......Page 107
Expectations for Physical Health Consequences......Page 108
Special Terrorism Expectations......Page 109
Role Abandonment by Emergency Professionals......Page 114
Key Terms......Page 116
Review Questions......Page 118
Applying This Chapter......Page 119
You Try It......Page 120
4: Fostering Successful Emergency Planning......Page 121
Successfully Implementing the Planning Process......Page 122
Hazard Exposure and Community Vulnerability......Page 123
Community Support......Page 124
Extracommunity Resources......Page 125
Staffing and Organization......Page 126
Planning Process......Page 127
Organizational Outcomes......Page 134
Transitioning from Plans to Action......Page 136
Functions of Exercises......Page 137
Plans, Training, Exercises and Disaster Preparedness......Page 138
Types of Exercises......Page 139
Summary......Page 141
Key Terms......Page 142
Applying This Chapter......Page 143
You Try It......Page 145
5: Classes of Protective Action Recommendations......Page 146
Introduction......Page 147
Sheltering Against Wind, Ground Shaking, and Water......Page 149
Sheltering from Inhalation Exposure......Page 152
Safety Risks for Protection In Place......Page 158
Expedient Respiratory Protection......Page 159
Evacuation......Page 163
Private Vehicles......Page 164
Mass Transit Users......Page 165
Schoolchildren......Page 166
Special Facilities Residents......Page 167
Transients......Page 169
Safety Hazards in Evacuation......Page 170
Key Terms......Page 174
Review Questions......Page 175
Applying This Chapter......Page 176
You Try It......Page 177
6: Analyzing and Selecting Protective Actions......Page 178
Hazard Exposure......Page 179
Human Vulnerability......Page 182
Structural Vulnerability......Page 183
Social Vulnerability......Page 186
Analysis Supporting PARs......Page 187
Mapping Natural Hazard Exposure......Page 188
Mapping Hazardous Materials Exposures......Page 189
Mapping Exposure to Secondary Hazards......Page 190
Conducting Hazard/Vulnerability Analysis with HAZUS-MH......Page 191
The Community Vulnerability Assessment Tool......Page 192
Selecting PARs......Page 194
The Limits and Functions of H/VAs......Page 195
A Frameworks for Selecting PARs......Page 196
Technical Considerations in Protective Action Assessment......Page 197
Key Terms......Page 207
Review Questions......Page 209
Applying This Chapter......Page 210
You Try It......Page 211
7: The Content and Format of Emergency Plans......Page 212
Understanding and Producing the EOP......Page 213
Distinguishing a Written Emergency Plan......Page 214
Model EOPs......Page 217
The Relationship between the Plan and the Planning Process......Page 219
The Content of an EOP......Page 222
Plan Authority and Responsibility......Page 224
Plan Activation and Termination......Page 226
Plan Assumptions......Page 228
Integration with Other EOPs......Page 230
Documentation of Agreements......Page 232
Administrative Responsibility for the Plan......Page 233
Postimpact Recovery Initiation......Page 234
Functional Annexes......Page 235
Supporting Analyses......Page 240
Equipment Inventories......Page 244
Key Terms......Page 245
Applying This Chapter......Page 247
You Try It......Page 249
8: Continuity of Operations Plans......Page 250
Government Continuity Plans......Page 251
Continuity of Government and Continuity of Operations......Page 252
Guidance for Creating and Maintaining Continuity of Operations Plans......Page 254
Continuity of Operations Planning......Page 255
Critical Continuity of Operations Plan Elements......Page 268
Essential Functions......Page 269
Operation and Maintenance of Continuity of Operations Plans......Page 278
Business Continuity Plans......Page 287
Key Terms......Page 291
Review Questions......Page 293
Applying This Chapter......Page 294
You Try It......Page 295
9: Milestones That Structure Emergency Planning......Page 296
Introduction......Page 297
Strategic Analysis......Page 298
Operational and Resource Analysis......Page 308
Resource Mobilization......Page 316
Steps for Escalating Crisis or Emergency Response......Page 319
Summary......Page 323
Key Terms......Page 324
Applying This Chapter......Page 325
You Try It......Page 327
10: Population Warning......Page 328
Introduction......Page 329
The Protective Action Decision Model......Page 330
Factors Influencing Protective Action Decision Outcomes......Page 332
Warning Compliance and Spontaneous Response......Page 344
Planning Applications of Decision-Making Studies......Page 346
Community Warning System Structure......Page 347
Elements of Issuing Population Warnings......Page 348
Key Terms......Page 360
Review Questions......Page 362
Applying This Chapter......Page 363
You Try It......Page 364
11: Planning for Hazard Adjustment......Page 365
The Dimensions of Hazard Adjustment......Page 366
Risk Communication and Hazard Adjustment......Page 369
The Local Context for Risk Communication......Page 370
Leveraging Hazard Adjustment......Page 372
Hazard Awareness Programs......Page 375
Communication Model and Evaluation Issues......Page 376
Information Sources and Their Characteristics......Page 377
Message Construction......Page 378
Characteristics of Information Receivers......Page 379
Social Psychology of Messages......Page 381
Strategy for Risk Communication......Page 384
Structuring Risk Communication......Page 387
Key Terms......Page 393
Review Questions......Page 394
Applying This Chapter......Page 395
You Try It......Page 396
12: Structures for Managing Emergency Response......Page 397
Introduction......Page 398
Emergency Operations Centers......Page 400
Jurisdictional Setting of the EOC......Page 401
Functions of the EOC......Page 402
Staffing and Operating the EOC......Page 406
Designing EOCs......Page 410
Special Features for EOCs......Page 412
Incident Management Systems......Page 415
Evolution of the IMS......Page 416
IMS in Jurisdictional Perspective......Page 417
Elements of the IMS......Page 418
Revisiting the IMS......Page 424
Key Terms......Page 425
Review Questions......Page 427
Applying This Chapter......Page 428
You Try It......Page 429
13: Selected Federal Emergency Planning Mandates......Page 430
Introduction......Page 431
SARA Title III......Page 433
The National Incident Management System......Page 439
National Response Plan......Page 443
Terrorism-Related Initiatives......Page 449
The Metropolitan Medical Response System......Page 450
The Urban Areas Security Initiative......Page 456
Summary......Page 459
Key Terms......Page 460
Review Questions......Page 461
Applying This Chapter......Page 462
You Try It......Page 463
14: Emergency Planning, Professionalism and the Future......Page 464
Emergency Planners and Managers......Page 465
Emergency Management as a Profession......Page 468
Certification Programs in Emergency Management......Page 473
College and University Academic Programs......Page 475
Professionalism and Legal Liability......Page 476
Exploring the Future......Page 479
Challenges Facing Emergency Planners and Managers......Page 480
Opportunities for Emergency Planners and Managers......Page 484
Hazard Vulnerability Analysis......Page 485
Emergency Preparedness......Page 486
The Impact of Technology......Page 487
Key Terms......Page 489
Review Questions......Page 490
Applying This Chapter......Page 491
You Try It......Page 492
Bibliography......Page 493
Glossary......Page 521
Index......Page 534