Emergence, Entanglement, and Political Economy

Contents
Contributors
Introduction
Emergence and Entanglement in a Theory of Political Economy
	1 A Societal Topography: Action Level and Systems Level
	2 Entanglement in a Theory of Political Economy
	3 Public Law and Public Economy
	4 Parasitical Politics and Economic Calculation
	5 Working with Political Profit as a Concept
	6 From Wicksell to Buchanan and His Unfinished Analytical Agenda
	7 A Closing Comment
	References
Swimming in a Tuxedo: A Systems Theory Approach to Understanding Politics
	1 Introduction
	2 Why Parts?
	3 Markets and Politics as Systems
	4 The Behavior of Parts
	5 Conclusion
	References
Complex and Entangled Public Policy: Here Be Dragons
	1 Introduction
	2 The Development of Complexity Economics: A Short History
	3 The Cutting Edge of Complexity Economics
		3.1 Agent-Based Modeling: Simulating the Entire Economy
		3.2 Graph Theory: Interactions on a Network Topology
		3.3 Big Data and Machine Learning
	4 Here Be Dragons
		4.1 The Cybernetic Dragon: Or, How Agile Policy-Making Is Entangled with Agile Self-Organization
		4.2 The Monstrous Neoclassical Hybrid
	5 Conclusion: What Should Complexity Economists Do?
	References
Taxonomy of Entrepreneurship – A Means-Oriented Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Ends-Based Taxonomy
	3 Entrepreneurship in the Entangled Political Economy
	4 Conclusions
	References
From Taciturn to Talkative Political Economy
	1 Introduction
	2 Communicative to Creative
	3 Tuism and Talk
	4 A Case Study: Democracy in Deficit
	5 Conclusion
	References
Entanglement and Perverse Spontaneous Orders
	1 Introduction
	2 Entangled Political Economy and the Logic of Intervention
	3 Entanglement and Perverse Spontaneous Orders
	4 Ecology of Public Aid Enterprises in the U.S.
	5 Implications and Conclusion
	References
The Tax Code as an Emergent Phenomenon
	1 Tax Policy from the Perspective of Economists vs. Policymakers
	2 Evolution of the Federal Tax Code in the United States
	3 Tax Reform in the United States
	4 Perverse Emergent Orders?
	5 Conclusion
	References
Political Property Rights and Entangled Political Economy
	1 Introduction
	2 An Overview of Political Property Rights
	3 Constitutions and Political Property Rights
	4 The Future of Political Property Rights and Entangled Political Economy
	References
The Fiscal Squeeze: Budgets Between Fiscal Illusion, Fiscal Commons, and the Tyranny of Experts
	1 Introduction
	2 Fiscal Federalism – The Theory
		2.1 Fiscal Federalism and Spending on Public Goods Production
		2.2 Fiscal Federalism and Revenue for Public Goods Production
	3 Definition and History of the Squeeze
		3.1 Local to State: The First Part of the Squeeze
		3.2 Federal to State
	4 Consequences of the Squeeze
		4.1 Fiscal Commons
		4.2 Fiscal Illusion
		4.3 Expert Bias
	5 Conclusion
	Bibliography
Index