Electronics and Communications for Scientists and Engineers, Second Edition [2nd Ed] (Instructor's Solution Manual) (Solutions)

Front matter
Copyright
Preface
	Focus of the book
	Motivation for the book
	Organization of the book
Acknowledgments
	First edition
	Second edition
Circuit Fundamentals
	Introduction
	Dimensions and Units
	Basic Concepts
		Electric Field
		Voltage
		Current
		Power
		Ohm's Law
		Joule's Heating Law
		Kirchhoff's Laws
	Circuit Elements
		Resistors
		Capacitors
		Inductors
		Batteries
		Voltage and Current Sources
		Source Equivalence and Transformation
	Series and Parallel Circuits
		Voltage and Current Division
	Network Simplification
		Equivalence
		Superposition
		Thevenin's Theorem
		Norton's Theorem
		Maximum Power Transfer and Matching
	Mesh or Loop Equations
	Transients and Time Constants in RC and RL Circuits
		RC Circuits
		Time Constant
			RC Circuits and Speed Limitation in Digital Electronics
		RL Circuits
	RLC Circuits
		Introduction
		Parallel RLC Circuit: The Source-Free Case
		Three Distinct Solutions for Eq. (1.64)
			Case 1. The Overdamped Case: Large Losses,α2>ω02
			Case 2. The Critically Damped Case: Medium Losses, α2=ω02
			Case 3. The Underdamped Case: Small Losses, α2<ω02
		Complete Solutions for the Three Cases
			The Overdamped Case
			The Critically Damped Case
			The Underdamped Case
			A Slightly Underdamped Case
			The Lossless or Undamped Case
		Additional Examples for the Parallel RLC Circuit
		Series RLC Circuit: The Source-Free Case
		Circuit Response When Sources Are Present. The Total Response: Homogeneous and Nonhomogeneous Solution
			Summary for Section 1.9
	Summary
	Problems
AC circuits
	Introduction
	Sinusoidal driving functions
		Phasor analysis
		Impedance and phasor relationships for R, L, and C
		Admittance
	High-pass and low-pass filters
		RC filters
		High-pass RC filter
		RL filters
		High-pass RL filter
	Resonance and band-pass filters
		Series resonance
		Parallel resonance
		Q-factor and bandwidth
	Power in AC and RF circuits
	Average power
	Effective or root mean square (RMS) values in power calculations
	Power factor
	Transformers and impedance matching
	Flux linkages and the ideal transformer
	Impedance transformation
	Summary
	Problems
Diode Applications
	Introduction
	Rectification
	Ideal and Practical Diodes
	Half-Wave Rectifier
	Full-Wave Rectifier
	Rectifier Filters
	Ripple Voltage Remaining After Filtering
	Voltage Doubler
	Clipping and Clamping Circuits
		Clipping
		Limiters
		Clamping
	Zener Diode Voltage Regulation
	Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers (SCRS)
		Introduction
		SCR Characteristics
	Summary
	Problems
Semiconductor diodes and transistors
	Introduction
	Hole and electron conduction in semiconductors
		Intrinsic semiconductors
		Extrinsic semiconductors
		n-type semiconductors
			p-type semiconductors
		Conduction in doped semiconductors
	pn-junction and the diode-junction and the diode
		Forward bias
		Reverse bias
		Rectifier equation
	pn-junction and the transistor
		The bipolar junction transistor (BJT)
			The grounded-base transistor
			The grounded-emitter transistor
		The field effect transistor (FET)
		Transfer characteristics
		Other types of FETs
	The transistor as amplifier
		Elements of an amplifier
		Basic design considerations
		The BJT as amplifier
		DC self-bias design and thermal runaway protection
		Fixed-current Bias
		The FET as amplifier
		Graphical method
		Approximate method for the Q-point
		Biasing of MOSFETs
		Loss of gain due to biasing resistor
		Transistors as on-off switches
	Safety considerations and grounding
		Residential wiring
	Summary
	Problems
Practical amplifier circuits
	Introduction
	The ideal amplifier
	Small-signal amplifiers
		Small-signal model (FET)
		Small-signal model (BJT)
		Comparison of Amplifiers
	Decibel notation for gain
	Frequency response of amplifiers
		Loss of gain at low frequencies
		Loss of gain at high frequencies
		Combined frequency response
		Cascading of amplifier circuits
	Time response and pulse amplifiers
		Fourier series
		Pulse amplifiers
		Rise time
		Tilt
		Square-wave testing
	Power amplifiers
		Transformer-coupled class A amplifier
		Class B push-pull amplifiers
		Class B complementary amplifiers
	AM radio receiver
		RF Stage
		Mixer
			Local oscillator
			IF amplifiers
			Detector or demodulator stage
			Automatic gain control (AGC)
		Audio frequency amplification
		Summary
	Summary
	Problems
Operational amplifiers
	Introduction
	OP AMP: An almost ideal amplifier
		The inverting amplifier
		The noninverting amplifier
	Voltage followers and the unit gain buffer
	Summers, subtracters, and digital-to-analog converters
	The differential amplifier
		Practical versus ideal
		Interference signals
	Differentiating, integrating, and logarithmic amplifiers
	Active RC filters
	Comparators and analog-to-digital converters
		Comparator
		A/D converter
	The analog computer
	Summary
	Problems
Digital electronics
	Introduction
		Why digital?
		Digital signals in an analog world
	Digital signal representation
		Combinational and sequential logic
	Combinational logic
		The AND gate
		The OR gate
		The NOT gate
		NAND and NOR gates
		Boolean algebra
	Combinational logic circuits
		Adder circuits
		The half-adder
		The full adder
		Encoders and decoders
		Seven-segment display
	Sequential logic circuits
	Flip-flop: A memory device
	Clocked Flip-flops
	Clocked RS Flip-flop with clear and preset
	Edge-triggered Flip-flops
	D Flip-flop
	JK Flip-flop
	Shift registers
	``Serial In-Parallel Out´´ shift register
	A ``Parallel In-Serial Out´´ shift register
		Digital counters
	A decade counter
	Synchronous counters
	Memory
		RAM cell
		RAM
		Decoding
		Coincident decoding
		ROM
	Summary
	Problems
The digital computer
	Introduction
	The power of computers: The stored program concept
		Computational science and other major uses of computers
		Microcontrollers, microprocessors, and microcomputers
		Communicating with a computer: Programming languages
	Elements of a computer
		The central processing unit
		Clock
		RAM
		ROM
		Interfaces
		Interrupts
		The three buses
		The peripherals: Hard drive, keyboard, monitor, and network communications
			Hard drives
			Keyboards
			Computer monitor
			Networking connectivity
		Connection to external devices
	The CPU
	Hexadecimal numbers and memory addressing
		Hex numbers
		Memory addressing
		Cache memory
	Operating systems
		Controllers and drivers
			DOS
			Macintosh operating system
			Windows
			The UNIX operating system
		Operating system stability
		Cloud computing
	Summary
	Problems
Digital systems
	Introduction
	Digital communication and the computer
	Information
		Traffic light
		Teletype
		Speech signal
		Television signal
	Information rate
		Traffic light
		Teletype
		Speech signal
			Conversion to digital: The sampling process
			Reconstructing the analog signal
			Detour: Signals and their spectra
		Information rate of speech
		Information rate of television signal
			Vertical direction
			Horizontal direction
	Digital communication networks
		Bandwidth
		Bandwidth of signals
		Bandwidth of systems
		Bandwidth of digital signals
		Transmission channels
			Twisted-wire transmission line
			ISDN, modems, and twisted-wire lines
			Coaxial cable
			Fiberoptic cable
			Wireless transmission
		Signal-to-noise ratio, channel bandwidth, and data rates
			Channel capacity
				Higher frequencies-Higher data rates
		Noise created by digitization
		AM, FM, and pulse code modulation (PCM)
			Amplitude modulation (AM)
			Frequency modulation (FM)
			Pulse code modulation (PCM)
			Compression of digital signals
				Compression
				Information and entropy
				Lossy compression
			Quadrature multiplexing and QAM
				Quadrature multiplexing
				QAM
		Multiplexing
			Frequency-division multiplexing
			Time-division multiplexing
			T-1 carrier system
		ISDN, the Early Internet Service
			VoIP
		Circuit switching and packet switching
		Broadband ISDN and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
		Internet architecture: Transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP)
			Why layering?
			OSI architecture
		ATM versus TCP/IP and why IP is now common
		Digital subscriber line (DSL)
		Modems and routers
			Modems
			Routers
				DSL modems
				Cable modems
				Routers recap
		Ethernet
		The Internet
			Operating systems and browsers
				Ethernet
				Modems
				Email
				Web browsers
	From analog, black-white TV with CRT display to digital, color ultra HD or 8K with LCD display
		Bandwidth requirement of TV
		Black-white analog TV
		Color analog TV
		Digital color TV
			Standard definition (SD) and high definition (HD)
	Artificial intelligence (AI)
		Neural networks and deep learning
		Training neural networks with gradient descent
	Quantum computers
	Summary
	Problems
Index