Electronic media : an introduction

Tittle
Contents
Part 1 Electronic Media Forms
	1 The Significance of Electronic Media
		1.1 A Rationale for Study
		1.2 A Matter of Terms
		1.3 Ownership of Media Devices
		1.4 Use of Electronic Media
		1.5 The Functions of Media
			1.5a Presenting Entertainment
			1.5b Disseminating News and Information
			1.5c Aiding Commerce
			1.5d Transmitting Culture and Customs
			1.5e Acting as a Watchdog
			1.5f Providing Relaxation and Companionship
			1.5g Connecting People to Each Other
		1.6 The Democratization of Media
		1.7 Convergence, Proliferation, and Resilience
		1.8 Issues and the Future
		1.9 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	2 The Internet, Portable Devices, and Video Games
		2.1 Origins of the Internet
		2.2 Standardizing the Internet Design
		2.3 The Beginning of Email
		2.4 The World Wide Web
		2.5 Politicians Boost the Internet
		2.6 Refining the Internet
			2.6a Browsers
			2.6b Internet Service Providers
			2.6c Search Engines
		2.7 Internet Growth and Temporary Downfall
		2.8 Radio on the Internet
		2.9 Napster and Its Aftermath
		2.10 Voice over the Internet
		2.11 Video on the Net
		2.12 Enter YouTube
		2.13 Social Networking
		2.14 Internet Abuses
		2.15 Portables Devices
			2.15a Cell Phones
			2.15b Personal Digital Assistants
			2.15c Pods
		2.16 Video Games
			2.16a The Early Days of Video Games
			2.16b Down and Out—And Up Again
			2.16c Games Take on a Variety of Forms
			2.16d Console Wars
			2.16e Games for the Internet and Beyond
		2.17 Issues and the Future
		2.18 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	3 Early Television
		3.1 Early Experiments
		3.2 The Emergence of Broadcast Television
		3.3 The Freeze
		3.4 Early TV Programming
		3.5 Blacklisting
		3.6 The Live Era
		3.7 Color TV Approval
		3.8 Broadcast-Cable Clashes
		3.9 Prerecorded Programming
		3.10 The Quiz Scandals
		3.11 UHF and Cable TV Problems
		3.12 Early Cable TV Programming
		3.13 Reflections of Upheaval
		3.14 A Vast Wasteland?
		3.15 The Public Broadcasting Act of 1967
		3.16 Government Actions
		3.17 Corporate Video
		3.18 HBO’s Influence
		3.19 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	4 Modern Television
		4.1 Growth of Cable TV Programming Services
		4.2 Cable TV’s Gold Rush
		4.3 The Beginnings of Satellite TV
		4.4 Home Video
		4.5 Broadcast TV in the 1980s
		4.6 Broadcast and Cable Legal Issues
		4.7 Growth of Hispanic Television
		4.8 Satellite TV Revived
		4.9 The Telecommunications Act of 1996
		4.10 Telephone Company Entry
		4.11 Digital Videodiscs
		4.12 Enter TiVo
		4.13 Programming Changes
		4.14 New and Revised Networks
		4.15 Digital TV and HDTV
		4.16 Issues and the Future
		4.17 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	5 Radio
		5.1 Early Inventions
		5.2 The Sinking of the Titanic
		5.3 World War I
		5.4 The Founding of RCA
		5.5 Early Radio Stations
		5.6 The Rise of Advertising
		5.7 The Formation of Networks
		5.8 Chaos and Government Action
		5.9 The Golden Era of Radio
		5.10 The Press-Radio War
		5.11 World War II
		5.12 Postwar Radio
		5.13 FM Radio Development
		5.14 The Restructuring of Public Radio
		5.15 College Radio
		5.16 The Changing Structure of Commercial Radio
		5.17 Satellite and HD Radio
		5.18 Issues and the Future
		5.19 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	6 Movies
		6.1 Early Developments
		6.2 The First Movies
		6.3 Studio Beginnings
			6.4 Griffith and His Contemporaries
			6.5 World War I Developments
			6.6 Hollywood during the Roaring Twenties
			6.7 Sound
			6.8 The “Golden Years” of Moviemaking
			6.9 Hitchcock and Welles
			6.10 Color
			6.11 Hard Times
			6.12 The Road Back
			6.13 Mythmakers Lucas and Spielberg
			6.14 Moviemaking Today
			6.15 Issues and the Future
			6.16 Summary
			Suggested Websites
			Notes
Part 2 Electronic Media Functions
	7 Careers in Electronic Media
		7.1 Desirable Traits for Electronic Media Practitioners
		7.2 College Preparation
		7.3 Outside Activities
		7.4 Internships
		7.5 Networking
		7.6 Résumés and Reels
		7.7 Finding the First Job
		7.8 Interviewing
		7.9 Diversity
		7.10 Unions and Agents
		7.11 Compensation
		7.12 Types of Job Possibilities
			7.12a Production
			7.12b News
		7.12c Programming
		7.12d Engineering
		7.12e Sales
		7.12f Administration
		7.13 Issues and the Future
		7.14 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	8 Programming
		8.1 Sources of Programs
			8.1a Self-Produced
			8.1b Related and Nonrelated Media
			8.1c Majors and Independents
			8.1d Syndicators
			8.1e Others
		8.2 Development
		8.3 The News Process
			8.3a News Gathering
			8.3b News Compilation
		8.4 Formats
		8.5 Scheduling
			8.5a Scheduling Factors
			8.5b Scheduling Strategies
		8.6 Drama
		8.7 Comedy
		8.8 Reality
		8.9 Games
		8.10 Music
		8.11 News
		8.12 Sports
		8.13 Talk Shows
		8.14 Documentaries and Information
		8.15 Religion
		8.16 Children’s Programming
		8.17 Issues and the Future
		8.18 Summary
			Suggested Websites
			Notes
	9 Sales and Advertising
		9.1 Media-to-Customer Sales
		9.2 Media-to-Media Sales
		9.3 The Nature of Advertising
		9.4 The Role of Advertising Agencies
		9.5 Traditional Advertising
		9.6 Product Placement
		9.7 Interactive Internet Advertising
		9.8 Underwriting
		9.9 Advertising Cost Factors
		9.10 Advertising Practices
		9.11 Advertisement Production
		9.12 Advertising to Children
		9.13 Other Controversial Advertising
		9.14 Issues and the Future
		9.15 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	10 Promotion and Audience Feedback
		10.1 Promotion
			10.2 Forms of Audience Feedback
			10.3 Audience Research Companies
			10.4 Sampling
			10.5 Collecting Data
			10.6 Analyzing Quantitative Data
			10.7 Qualitative Research
			10.8 Pretesting
			10.9 Other Forms of Research
			10.10 Reporting Results
			10.11 How Audience Measurement Is Used
		10.12 Issues and the Future
		10.13 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	11 Laws and Regulations
		11.1 The Federal Communications Commission
		11.2 The Executive Branch
		11.3 The Legislative Branch
		11.4 The Judicial Branch
		11.5 The First Amendment
		11.6 Profanity, Indecency, and Obscenity
		11.7 Libel, Slander, and Invasion of Privacy
		11.8 Copyright
		11.9 Access to the Courts
		11.10 Licensing
		11.11 Ownership
		11.12 Equal Time
		11.13 The Fairness Doctrine
		11.14 Other Regulations
		11.15 Issues and the Future
		11.16 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	12 Ethics and Effects
		12.1 Ethical Guidelines
		12.2 Ethical Considerations
		12.3 Effects of Media
		12.4 Organizations That Consider Effects
			12.4a Citizen Groups
			12.4b Academic Institutions
		12.5 High-Profile Effects
			12.5a Violence
			12.5b Children and Media
			12.5c News
			12.5d Women and Minorities
			12.5e Sex
		12.6 Issues and the Future
		12.7 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	13 Technical Underpinnings
		13.1 The Digital Process
		13.2 Audio Production Equipment
		13.3 Video Production Equipment
		13.4 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
		13.5 Terrestrial Radio Broadcasting
		13.6 Terrestrial Television Broadcasting
		13.7 Satellites
		13.8 Other Wireless Distribution
		13.9 Wire Transmission
		13.10 Pick Up and Carry
		13.11 Motion Picture Exhibition
		13.12 Radio Receivers
		13.13 TV Sets and Computer Monitors
		13.14 Issues and the Future
		13.15 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
	14 The International Scene
		14.1 Early Film
		14.2 Early Radio
		14.3 The Colonial Era
		14.4 World War II and Its Aftermath
		14.5 Early Television
		14.6 Broadcasting’s Development
		14.7 The Concerns of Developing Nations
		14.8 The Coming of Satellites
		14.9 Privatization
		14.10 The VCR
		14.11 The Collapse of Communism
		14.12 Indigenous Programming
		14.13 The Digital Age
		14.14 Issues and the Future
		14.15 Summary
		Suggested Websites
		Notes
Glossary
Index