Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Applications

Grenoble Sciences
The authors
Preface
	References
Contents
1 Dosimetry of ionising radiation
	1.1 - Introduction
	1.2 - Archaeological dating
	1.3 - Retrospective dosimetry and radiation accident dosimetry
	1.4 - A reference method: Alanine/EPR dosimetry
	1.5 - Identifying irradiated food products
	1.6 - Conclusion
	References
2 Tracing natural organic matter at the scale of drainage basins
	2.1 - Introduction
	2.2 - Transformation and transfer of natural organic matter
	2.3 - EPR signature of natural organic matter
	2.4 - Study areas and protocol applied
	2.5 - Assessing the EPR tracing method
	2.6 - Example of application of EPR tracing: identification of the inflow basin and the residence time for water in a karst formation
	2.7 - Conclusion
	References
3 Detection and characterisation of free radicals after spin trapping
	3.1 - Introduction
	3.2 - Implementing the experiment
	3.3 - Analysis of EPR spectra
	3.4 - Examples of spectra for adducts of classical radicals
	3.5 - Kinetic aspects
	3.6 - Limitations of the method and precautions to avoid artefacts
	3.7 - Conclusion
	References
4 Copper complexation by peptides implicated in neurodegenerative diseases
	4.1 - Introduction
	4.2 - EPR determination of the coordination of a Cu(II) ion by a peptide
	4.3 - Coordination of Cu(II) by the prion protein
	4.4 - Cu(II) coordination by the amyloid-β peptide
	4.5 - Conclusion
	Complement 1 – Analysis of ESEEM and HYSCORE spectra for Cu(II)(Aβ16) complexes
	References
5 Crystallochemistry of clay minerals, weathering processes and evolution of continental surfaces
	5.1 - Introduction
	5.2 - Kaolinite-group minerals
	5.3 - Fe3+ centres in kaolinite-group minerals
	5.4 - Paramagnetic defects produced by irradiation
	5.5 - Application of kaolinite EPR to the study of weathering processes in tropical climates
	5.6 - Conclusion
	References
6 Structure and catalytic mechanisms of redox enzymes
	6.1 - Introduction
	6.2 - Laccases: enzymes oxidising substrates with a high potential
	6.3 - Hydrogenases: enzymes to oxidise and produce dihydrogen
	6.4 - Photosystem II: a solar energy-driven enzymatic complex
	6.5 - Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	Complement 1 - Interpreting the EPR properties of mononuclear copper-containing centres in proteins
	Complement 2 - Iron-sulfur centres and their EPR properties
7  Seeking the origins of life: primitive carbonaceous matter
	7.1 - Introduction
	7.2 - Primitive carbonaceous matter from the solar system: where and how did it emerge?
	7.3 - Terrestrial primitive carbonaceous matter: seeking biomarkers of the origins of life
	7.4 - Perspectives: destination Mars?
	Complement 1 - Principle of quadrature phase detection
	Complement 2 - Principle of EPR imaging
	References
8 Using paramagnetic probes to study structural transitions in proteins
	8.1 - Introduction
	8.2 - EPR spectrum and mobility of nitroxide radicals
	8.3 - Studying structural transitions by spin labelling
	8.4 - Activation of human pancreatic lipase
	8.5 - Folding induced by the measles virus nucleoprotein
	8.6 - Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
9 Organic radicals and molecular magnetism
	9.1 - Introduction
	9.2 - Molecules and methods of study
	9.3 - Study of liquid solutions of diradicals and triradicals: revealing intramolecular exchange
	9.4 - Study of frozen solutions
	9.5 - Conclusion
	Complement 1 - Temperature-dependence of the susceptibility of dilute solutions monitored by EPR
	Complement 2 - What molecular orbital calculations provide
	References
10  EPR of short-lived magnetic species
	10.1 - Introduction
	10.2 - Freeze quench and flow methods
	10.3 - How can acquisition of an EPR spectrum be accelerated?
	10.4 - Time-resolved EPR for radicals in solution
	10.5 - Time-resolved EPR for excited states in the solid phase
	10.6 - Conclusion
	Complement 1 - Numerical solutions to the Bloch equations in the transient regime
	References
11 Characterising contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging
	11.1 - Introduction
	11.2 - MRI methods
	11.3 - Effect of a Gd3+ complex on relaxation of water protons
	11.4 - Modelling Gd3+ electronic relaxation
	11.5 - Estimation of the parameters determining the paramagnetic relaxation of protons
	11.6 - Simulating the EPR spectrum and longitudinal relaxation of gadolinium complexes
	11.7 - Examples of simulations of EPR spectra for Gd3+ complexes
	Complement 1 - Influence of the rate of exchange of inner sphere water molecules on proton relaxivity
	Complement 2 - Elements of the method used to simulate EPR spectra for Gd3+ complexes
	References
12 Ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy: basics and applications
	12.1 - Introduction
	12.2 - Principle of FMR
	12.3 - Experimental aspects
	12.4 - FMR of ultrathin metallic layers: epitaxial Fe films grown on (100) GaAs
	12.5 - III–V ferromagnetic semiconductors: Ga1–x Mnx As/(100)GaAs
	12.6 - Maghemite nanoparticle ferrofluids
	12.7 - Conclusion
	References
Appendix 1 Principles of magnetic resonance: Bloch equations and pulsed methods
	1 - Proton NMR
	2 - Motion of the macroscopic magnetisation
	3 - Relaxation phenomena
	References
Appendix 2 Introduction to pulsed EPR: ESEEM, HYSCORE and PELDOR experiments
	1 - Spin echo and ESEEM experiments
	2 - 4-pulse ESEEM experiments and HYSCORE experiments
	3 - PELDOR experiments
	References
Appendix 3 Principle of continuous wave ENDOR spectroscopy
	1 - Introduction
	2 - ENDOR spectrum for radicals in the isotropic regime
	3 - ENDOR spectrum of a polycrystalline powder or frozen solution
	4 - Comparison with pulsed ENDOR and other high-resolution spectroscopic techniques
	References
Appendix 4 Macromolecules with very varied functions: proteins
	1 - From sequence to structure
	2 - From structure to function
	3 - Contribution of EPR to the study of proteins
	References
Index