Electrocardiography of the Dog and Cat: Diagnosis of Arrhythmias

Title Page
Copyright
The authors
Preface
Table of contents
CHAPTER 1: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CONDUCTION SYSTEM
	Anatomy of the conduction system
	Anatomical substrates for arrhythmias
	The action potential
	Correlation between the phases of the action potential and electrocardiographic waves
	Electrical properties of the myocardium and their relationship with the action potential
	Spontaneous automaticity of pacemaker cells
	Atrioventricular conduction
	Propagation of the cardiac electrical impulse
	Cardiac nervous control
	Other factors that influence cardiac activity
CHAPTER 2: PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
	Historical notes
	The surface electrocardiogram
CHAPTER 3: FORMATION AND INTERPRETATION OF THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC WAVES
	The electrocardiograph
	Recording and calibration of the electrocardiographic tracing
	Formation of the electrocardiographic waves
	Electrocardiographic analysis
	Tools for interpreting the electrocardiogram
	Electrocardiography during the first weeks of life
	Artifacts
CHAPTER 4: NORMAL SINUS RHYTHMS
	Sinus rate
	Sinus rhythm
	Sinus arrhythmia
	Sinus rhythms with other arrhythmias
CHAPTER 5: CHAMBER ENLARGEMENT
	Atrial enlargement
	Ventricular enlargement
CHAPTER 6: BACKGROUND TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF ARRHYTHMIAS
	Mechanisms of arrhythmias
	Abnormalities of impulse formation: automaticity and triggered activity
	Abnormalities of impulse conduction
	Classification of arrhythmias
	Hemodynamic consequences of arrhythmias
	Arrhythmia-related clinical signs
	Diagnosis of arrhythmias
CHAPTER 7: SUPRAVENTRICULAR BEATS AND RHYTHMS
	Ectopic atrial beats and rhythms
	Junctional ectopic beats and rhythms
	Patterns of ectopic supraventricular beats
	Relationship between atrial and ventricular activation
	Atrial parasystole
	Atrial dissociation
CHAPTER 8: SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIAS
	Sinus tachycardia
	Atrioventricular nodal reciprocating tachycardia
	Focal junctional tachycardia and non-paroxysmal junctional tachycardia
	Atrioventricular tachycardias mediated by accessory pathways
	Focal atrial tachycardia
	Multifocal atrial tachycardia
	Macro-reentrant atrial tachycardia (atrial flutter)
	Atrial fibrillation
	Differential diagnosis of narrow QRS complex tachycardias in the dog
CHAPTER 9: VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS AND RHYTHMS
	Ventricular ectopic beats
	Ventricular parasystole
CHAPTER 10: VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS
	Defining tachycardia
	Describing tachycardia
	Monomorphic ventricular tachycardias
	Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
	Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia
	Ventricular fibrillation
	Ventricular tachycardia without structural cardiac disease
	Ventricular tachycardia during familial dilated cardiomyopathy
	Ventricular tachycardias during arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
	Ventricular tachycardias during myocarditis
	Ventricular tachycardia during ischemic cardiomyopathy
	Ventricular tachycardia during ventricular hypertrophy
	Ventricular tachycardia during congestive heart failure
	Ventricular tachycardias during systemic diseases
	Differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia
	Determining the danger of ventricular tachycardias
CHAPTER 11: BRADYARRHYTHMIAS
	Sinus bradycardia
	Sinus arrest
	Sinus standstill
	Sinus node dysfunction or sick sinus syndrome
	Atrial standstill or atrioventricular muscular dystrophy
	Sino-ventricular rhythm
	Asystole or ventricular arrest
	Pulseless electrical activity or electromechanical dissociation
CHAPTER 12: CONDUCTION DISORDERS
	Disorders of atrial conduction
	Inter-atrial conduction block
	Atrioventricular blocks
	Intraventricular conduction disorders or bundle branch blocks
	Aberrant conduction
	Linking or sustained aberrant conduction
	Gap phenomenon and supernormal conduction
CHAPTER 13: ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES SECONDARY TO SYSTEMIC DISORDERS AND DRUGS
	Hypoxia
	Electrolytic disorders
	Pericardial diseases
	Abdominal diseases
	Chronic respiratory diseases
	Endocrine diseases
	Intracranial diseases
	Hyperthermia and hypothermia
	Electrocution
	Autoimmune diseases
	Drugs
CHAPTER 14: ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY AND PACING
	Basic components of the pacemaker
	Pacing modes
	Pacemaker malfunction
GUIDED INTERPRETATION OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC TRACINGS