Economic growth in Europe since 1945

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 8
List of figures......Page 13
List of tables......Page 16
Preface......Page 22
List of contributors......Page 24
1 Introduction......Page 26
2 Main trends in postwar European growth......Page 27
3 Previous interpretations of European postwar growth......Page 33
4 Recent developments in growth theory......Page 39
5 Europe\'s postwar growth in a long-run perspective: some quantitative aspects......Page 41
6 The years of high growth......Page 45
7 Slowdown and instability......Page 50
8 Factors in the performance of individual countries......Page 52
9 Concluding comments......Page 56
1 Introduction......Page 63
2 The model......Page 68
3 The structure of domestic institutions......Page 70
4 The evolution of domestic institutions......Page 75
5 The structure of international institutions......Page 78
6 The decline of the postwar settlement......Page 83
7 Conclusion......Page 90
1 Introduction......Page 98
2 A recapitulation of the theory......Page 99
3 Economic growth since Rise and Decline......Page 103
4 Distinctive institutions and common processes......Page 106
5 Distinctive institutions and inescapable logic......Page 116
1 Introduction......Page 120
2 An Olsonian interpretation of the two postwar records......Page 121
3 A non-Olsonian mode of interpretation......Page 125
1 Introduction......Page 132
2 Competitiveness and the exchange rate......Page 133
3 Western Europe in the `Golden Age\'......Page 135
4 Country experience......Page 141
5 Conclusions......Page 149
Statistical appendix......Page 151
1 Introduction......Page 156
2 The legacy of the 1930s and World War II......Page 163
3 Reconstruction......Page 165
4 The Golden Age......Page 167
5 Shocks and stagflation......Page 172
6 Recovery in the 1980s and its legacy......Page 174
7 Bargaining models and productivity change......Page 178
8 Human capital formation......Page 183
9 Deindustrialization......Page 184
10 Conclusions......Page 185
Appendix......Page 187
1 Introduction......Page 198
2 Postwar economic growth: main features, structures and institutions, initial conditions......Page 199
3 The phases of postwar economic growth......Page 205
4 Structural change and the control of industry......Page 223
5 Conclusion......Page 226
1 Introduction......Page 235
2 Aggregate performance......Page 236
3 The legacy of the 1930s and reconstruction......Page 242
4 The `vingt glorieuses\' (1954--76)......Page 244
5 Shocks and stagflation in the 1970s......Page 248
6 A partial recovery......Page 251
7 Human capital......Page 254
8 Institutions......Page 257
9 Conclusion......Page 261
1 Introduction......Page 265
2 Aggregate performance......Page 267
3 A review of macroeconomic policies......Page 277
4 Ultimate causes of Swedish economic performance......Page 281
5 Conclusions......Page 305
1 Introduction......Page 315
2 The major facts......Page 317
3 The legacy of the 1930s......Page 326
4 World War II and the reconstruction years......Page 327
5 The `golden years\' from 1950 to 1973......Page 330
6 Shocks and sluggish growth during the 1970s......Page 334
7 Continuity and change during the 1980s......Page 336
8 Labour market and wage policies......Page 337
9 The performance of the export sector and exchange rate policy......Page 340
10 The public sector and economic growth......Page 342
11 Conclusions......Page 347
2 Postwar growth: the setting......Page 354
3 Postwar growth: the phases......Page 360
4 Some particular themes......Page 371
5 Conclusions......Page 377
2 Spain\'s economic performance in the long run......Page 380
3 The legacy of the 1930s and the Civil War (1936--9)......Page 386
4 Reconstruction: Spain under autarky, 1939--59......Page 387
5 The Golden Age: years of accelerated growth, 1959--75......Page 394
6 Shocks and stagflation: the transition from dictatorship to democracy, 1975--85......Page 397
7 Recovery of the late 1980s and its legacy: the integration of Spain into the EEC......Page 400
8 Concluding remarks......Page 403
1 Introduction......Page 413
2 Irish growth and the economic convergence debate......Page 414
3 Irish economic history, 1945--92......Page 423
4 Investment......Page 429
5 Human capital and emigration......Page 432
6 Trade policies......Page 434
7 Rent seeking and interest groups: the political economy of growth......Page 438
8 Some simple cross-section evidence......Page 441
9 Conclusion......Page 444
1 Introduction......Page 452
2 The aggregate performance: an overview......Page 453
3 Total factor productivity, market structure, scale economies and capacity utilization......Page 455
4 The legacy of Fascism and the war......Page 463
5 Setting the stage: reconstruction and stabilization......Page 464
6 An `economic miracle\'?......Page 466
7 The roots of the malaise, 1963--73......Page 467
8 Productivity slowdown, 1973--92......Page 470
9 Concluding remarks......Page 474
Appendix......Page 475
1 Introduction......Page 480
2 The growth weakness of the Weimar Republic......Page 485
3 Reconstruction, 1945--61......Page 488
4 Golden Age growth, 1961--73......Page 493
5 Slow growth, 1973--90......Page 498
6 Is there a West German economic model and, if so, has it affected growth?......Page 507
7 West German growth -- what does it tell us about the prospects for growth in East Germany?......Page 514
1 Introduction......Page 523
2 Macroeconomic performance: a brief overview......Page 524
3 The legacy of the 1930s and the war: how bad a start?......Page 529
4 The productivity gap in the making, 1945--50......Page 533
5 East Germany\'s transition to Communism: a brief review......Page 536
6 The 1950s: an East German Wirtschaftswunder?......Page 538
7 2 fast 4 you: frustrated catching up, the Berlin Wall and attempted reform during the 1960s......Page 542
8 The Golden Seventies: a belated Wirtschaftswunder?......Page 544
9 The road to bankruptcy, 1980--9......Page 547
10 The aftermath of unification......Page 553
11 Conclusion......Page 557
1 Introduction......Page 566
2 The aggregate growth performance: an overview......Page 568
3 The legacy from the 1930s and the war and reconstruction years......Page 576
4 Growth factors and sectoral shifts in the postwar years......Page 579
5 Growth and economic policy since 1950......Page 588
6 Concluding comments......Page 595
1 Introduction......Page 601
2 The idea of a `Golden Age\'......Page 602
3 The accumulation of capital and the acquisition of knowledge......Page 603
4 The impact of economic policy......Page 604
5 Growth economics......Page 605
Index......Page 607