Ecology, Economy and State Formation in Early Modern Germany

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 5
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Contents......Page 9
Figures......Page 10
Maps......Page 11
Tables......Page 12
Acknowledgements......Page 13
Glossary......Page 15
Currency......Page 17
Abbreviations......Page 18
Introduction......Page 19
Why wood?......Page 23
Ecology......Page 27
Integrity and disturbance......Page 31
Understanding the village......Page 32
The 'adaptability' thesis......Page 34
Economy......Page 37
Markets and the 'natural economy'......Page 38
State formation......Page 40
The long sixteenth century: growth and retrenchment......Page 43
The century of iron......Page 48
1 The peasant dynamic......Page 51
Making space......Page 56
Inner space......Page 59
Making the Markung......Page 62
A 'poor recycling technology'......Page 70
Corn – the 'mal nécessaire'......Page 74
Livestock......Page 84
The wood and the trees......Page 93
Viticulture......Page 102
What kind of dynamic?......Page 109
Not 'a system for itself'......Page 110
Conjuncture and climate......Page 112
2 Power and property......Page 117
A feudal world......Page 119
Ownership of woodland......Page 123
The general course of the economy......Page 131
Social structures (1): rich and poor in Leonberg......Page 136
Social structures (2): glimpses from the wider region......Page 139
The structure of the economy from taxation records......Page 150
Per capita income in the eighteenth century......Page 156
Taxation......Page 164
Institutions and social structure: the commune......Page 168
Social conflict, social identities and dispute resolution......Page 175
3 The regulative drive......Page 179
Formulation and implementation......Page 183
One room, one view – the chancelry......Page 187
A multiplicity of views – the Landtag......Page 190
The regulative drive......Page 192
Early modern woodmanship – lessons from the laws......Page 198
Realities on the ground (1) – the growth of the forestry administration......Page 201
Realities on the ground (2) – what did the officials actually do?......Page 205
Communal and monastic authorities......Page 210
Of consensus and conflict......Page 216
The debate about hunting......Page 224
Forest incomes – a crucial test......Page 231
The reality of state formation: Gregori Wannen, Heinz Vohensteinss and Ulrich Ruotthardt......Page 238
4 From clearance to crisis?......Page 242
The woodland from the 'supply side'......Page 244
The surveys......Page 246
Court and administrative records......Page 260
Tax records......Page 265
Account books......Page 269
Making sense of the sources......Page 274
Calculating demand......Page 281
Domestic fuel......Page 282
Wood on the land – fencing and vineyards......Page 286
Artisanal wood consumption......Page 288
Building......Page 292
A balance of forces?......Page 295
5 The two ecologies......Page 298
Markets and the 'natural economy'......Page 299
The two ecologies......Page 301
Ecologies of wood supply......Page 304
Rafting: bulk transport in the wood age......Page 310
'Sink' or 'source'? The Forstamt and the wider world......Page 316
Prices, 'real prices' and the cost of obtaining wood......Page 321
Pricing landscapes: the cost of transport......Page 329
The ecology of wood use......Page 332
The social dynamics of ecological change......Page 338
Disputes over the Gaabholz......Page 339
Crime......Page 347
Poaching......Page 350
What it all meant for the 'common man'......Page 351
Making sense......Page 353
Gerlingen 1581: leading and misleading questions......Page 359
Ecology and the state......Page 362
Conclusions......Page 365
What to analyse, and what we learn: households, communes, states......Page 366
The pattern is set: late medieval antecedents, ca 1450–1540......Page 369
The age of disturbance, 1540–1618......Page 372
The age of iron, 1618–1715......Page 373
The Old World in the New World......Page 374
Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart......Page 377
Stadtarchiv Renninegn......Page 378
Secondary Works......Page 379
Index......Page 399