Eco Targets, Goal Functions, and Orientors

Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Targets, Goals and Orientors....Pages 3-11
Front Matter....Pages 13-13
The Physical Basis of Ecological Goal Functions — Fundamentals, Problems and Questions....Pages 15-18
Ecological Orientors: Emergence of Basic Orientors in Evolutionary Self-Organization....Pages 19-33
Ecological Orientors: Pattern and Process of Succession in Relation to Ecological Orientors....Pages 34-62
Thermodynamic Orientors: Exergy as a Goal Function in Ecological Modeling and as an Ecological Indicator for the Description of Ecosystem Development....Pages 63-86
Thermodynamic Orientors: Exergy as a Holistic Ecosystem Indicator: A Case Study....Pages 87-101
Thermodynamic Orientors: How to Use Thermodynamic Concepts in Ecology....Pages 102-122
Thermodynamic Orientors: A Review of Goal Functions and Ecosystem Indicators....Pages 123-136
Network Orientors: Steps Toward a Cosmography of Ecosystems: Orientors for Directional Development, Self-Organization, and Autoevolution....Pages 137-160
A Utility Goal Function Based On Network Synergism....Pages 161-176
Network Orientors: Theoretical and Philosophical Considerations why Ecosystems may Exhibit a Propensity to Increase in Ascendency....Pages 177-192
Applying Thermodynamic Orientors: Goal Functions in the Holling Figure-Eight Model....Pages 193-208
Quantifying Ecosystem Maturity — a Case Study....Pages 209-231
Case Studies: Orientors and Ecosystem Properties in Coastal Zones....Pages 232-242
Case Studies: Modeling Approaches for the Practical Application of Ecological Goal Functions....Pages 243-254
Case Studies: Soil as the Interface of the Ecosystem Goal Function and the Earth System Goal Function....Pages 255-268
The Physical Basis of Ecological Goal Functions — An Integrative Discussion....Pages 269-285
Front Matter....Pages 287-287
Introduction: Philosophical Aspects of Goal Functions....Pages 289-297
The Relativity of Orientors: Interdependence of Ecological and Sociopolitical Developments....Pages 298-311
Constructions of Environmental Issues in Scientific and Public Discourse....Pages 312-333
Front Matter....Pages 287-287
Ethics and the Environment. How To Found Political and Socio-Economic Eco Targets....Pages 334-341
Teleology and Goal Functions — Which are the Concepts of Optimality and Efficiency in Evolutionary Biology....Pages 342-354
Conclusions: A Generalizing Framework for Biological Orientation Orientation....Pages 355-357
Front Matter....Pages 359-359
Human Targets in Relation to Land Use....Pages 361-365
Ecosystem and Society: Orientation for Sustainable Development....Pages 366-380
Human Orientors: A Systems Approach for Transdisciplinary Communication of Sustainable Development by Using Goal Functions....Pages 381-394
Environmental Law and the Science of Ecology....Pages 395-413
Coupled Economic and Environmental Growth and Development....Pages 414-435
Societies’ Maneuver Towards Sustainable Development: Information and the Setting of Target Values....Pages 436-446
Targets of Nature Conservation — Consequences for Ecological and Economic Goal Functions....Pages 447-456
Conclusion: Sustainability as a Level of Integration for Diverging Targets?....Pages 457-459
Front Matter....Pages 461-461
Introduction: Orientors and Goal Functions for Environmental Planning — Questions and Outlines....Pages 463-465
Quantifying the Interaction of Human and the Ecosphere: The Sustainable Process Index as a Measure for Co-existence....Pages 466-480
Applying Thermodynamic Orientors: The Use of Exergy as an Indicator in Environmental Management....Pages 481-491
Integrating Diverging Goal Functions: Time Scale Effects with Respect to Sustainability....Pages 492-502
Deriving EcoTargets from Ecological Orientors: How to Realize Ecological Targets at the Landscape Scale....Pages 503-510
Applying Ecological Goal Functions: Tools for Orientor Optimization as a Basis for Decision Making Processes....Pages 511-525
Marine Ecological Quality Objectives: Science and Management Aspects....Pages 526-544
Landscape Planning: On its Role in Developing Sustainable Land Use Concepts....Pages 545-556
Deriving Eco Targets from Ecological Orientors: Ecological Orientors for Landscape Planning?....Pages 557-564
Front Matter....Pages 461-461
Integrating Diverging Orientors: Sustainable Agriculture: Ecological Targets and Future Land Use Changes....Pages 565-584
Conclusions: Potentials and Limitations of a Practical Application of the Eco Target and Orientor Concept....Pages 585-590
Front Matter....Pages 591-591
Targets, Goals, and Orientors: Concluding and Re-Initializing the Discussion....Pages 593-607
Back Matter....Pages 609-621