E-commerce 2019: Business, Technology and Society

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Brief Contents
Contents
PART 1 Introduction to E-commerce
	1 THE REVOLUTION IS JUST BEGINNING
		Learning Objectives
		Everything on Demand:The “Uberization” of E-commerce
		1.1 The First Thirty Seconds: Why You Should Study E-commerce
		1.2 Introduction to E-commerce
			What Is E-commerce?
			The Difference Between E-commerce and E-business
			Technological Building Blocks Underlying E-commerce: the Internet, Web, and Mobile Platform
			Major Trends in E-commerce
			Insight on Technology: Will Apps Make the Web Irrelevant?
		1.3 Unique Features of E-commerce Technology
			Ubiquity
			Global Reach
			Universal Standards
			Richness
			Interactivity
			Information Density
			Personalization and Customization
			Social Technology: User-Generated Content and Social Networks
		1.4  Types of E-commerce
			Business-to-Consumer (B2C) E-commerce
			Business-to-Business (B2B) E-commerce
			Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) E-commerce
			Mobile E-commerce (M-commerce)
			Social E-commerce
			Local E-commerce
		1.5 E-commerce: A Brief History
			E-commerce 1995–2000: Invention
			E-commerce 2001–2006: Consolidation
			E-commerce 2007–Present: Reinvention
			Assessing E-commerce: Successes, Surprises, and Failures
			Insight on Business: Y Combinator’s Startup Boot Camp
		1.6 Understanding E-commerce: Organizing Themes
			Technology: Infrastructure
			Business: Basic Concepts
			Society: Taming the Juggernaut
			Insight on Society: Facebook and the Age of Privacy
		1.7 Academic Disciplines Concerned with E-commerce
			Technical Approaches
			Behavioral Approaches
		1.8 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: Category Specialist in the e-Commerce Retail Program
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		1.9 Case Study: Pinterest: A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words
		1.10 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	2 E-COMMERCE BUSINESS MODELS AND CONCEPTS
		Learning Objectives
		Tweet Tweet: Will Twitter Ever Find a Business Model That Works?
		2.1 E-commerce Business Models
			Introduction
			Eight Key Elements of a Business Model
				Value Proposition
				Revenue Model
				Market Opportunity
			Insight on Society: Foursquare: Check Your Privacy at the Door
				Competitive Environment
				Competitive Advantage
				Market Strategy
				Organizational Development
				Management Team
			Raising Capital
			Categorizing E-commerce Business Models: Some Difficulties
			Insight on Business: Crowdfunding Takes Off
		2.2 Major Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Business Models
			E-tailer
			Community Provider
			Content Provider
			Insight on Technology: Connected Cars and the Future of E-commerce
			Portal
			Transaction Broker
			Market Creator
			Service Provider
		2.3 Major Business-to-Business (B2B) Business Models
			E-distributor
			E-procurement
			Exchanges
			Industry Consortia
			Private Industrial Networks
		2.4 How E-commerce Changes Business: Strategy, Structure, and Process
			Industry Structure
			Industry Value Chains
			Firm Value Chains
			Firm Value Webs
			Business Strategy
			E-commerce Technology and Business Model Disruption
		2.5 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: Assistant Manager of E-business
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		2.6 Case Study: Dollar Shave Club: From Viral Video to $1 Billion in Just Five Years
		2.7 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
		Learning Objectives
		Tweet Tweet: Will Twitter Ever Find a Business Model That Works?
PART 2 Technology Infrastructure for E-commerce
	3 E-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTURE: THE INTERNET, WEB, AND MOBILE PLATFORM
		Learning Objectives
		Voice-Controlled Intelligent Digital Assistants: Will They Revolutionize E-commerce?
		3.1 The Internet: Technology Background
			The Evolution of the Internet: 1961—The Present
			The Internet: Key Technology Concepts
				Packet Switching
				Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
				IP Addresses
				Domain Names, DNS, and URLs
				Client/Server Computing
			The Mobile Platform
			The Internet “Cloud Computing” Model: Hardware and Software as a Service
			Other Internet Protocols and Utility Programs
		3.2 Internet Infrastructure and Access
			The Internet Backbone
			Internet Exchange Points
			Tier 3 Internet Service Providers
			Campus/Corporate Area Networks
			Mobile Internet Access
				Telephone-based versus Computer Network-based Wireless Internet Access
			Other Innovative Internet Access Technologies: Drones, Balloons, and White Space
			The Internet of Things
			Insight on Business: The Apple Watch: Bringing the Internet of Things to Your Wrist
			Who Governs the Internet?
			Insight on Society: Government Regulation and Surveillance of the Internet
		3.3 The Web
			Hypertext
			Markup Languages
				HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
				eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
			Web Servers and Clients
			Web Browsers
		3.4 The Internet and the Web: Features and Services
			Communication Tools
				E-mail
				Messaging Applications
				Online Message Boards
				Internet Telephony
				Video Conferencing, Video Chatting, and Telepresence
			Search Engines
			Downloadable and Streaming Media
			Web 2.0 Applications and Services
				Online Social Networks
				Blogs
				Wikis
			Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
			Insight on Technology: Leaping into the Future with AR and VR
			Intelligent Digital Assistants
		3.5 Mobile Apps: The Next Big Thing Is Here
			Platforms for Mobile Application Development
			App Marketplaces
		3.6 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: E-commerce Specialist
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		3.7 Case Study: Akamai Technologies: Attempting to Keep Supply Ahead of Demand
		3.8 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	4 BUILDING AN E-COMMERCE PRESENCE: WEBSITES, MOBILE SITES, AND APPS
		Learning Objectives
		Walmart Website Redesign: Going Upscale in Its Fight to Compete with Amazon
		4.1 Imagine Your E-commerce Presence
			What’s the Idea? (The Visioning Process)
			Where’s the Money: Business and Revenue Model
			Who and Where Is the Target Audience?
			What Is the Ballpark? Characterize the Marketplace
			Where’s the Content Coming From?
			Know Yourself: Conduct a SWOT Analysis
			Develop an E-commerce Presence Map
			Develop a Timeline: Milestones
			How Much Will This Cost?
		4.2 Building an E-commerce Presence: A Systematic Approach
			The Systems Development Life Cycle
			Systems Analysis/Planning: Identify Business Objectives, System Functionality, and Information
			System Design: Hardware and Software Platforms
			Building the System: In-house Versus Outsourcing
			Insight on Business: Weebly Makes Creating Websites Easy
				Testing the System
				Implementation, Maintenance, and Optimization
			Alternative Web Development Methodologies
		4.3 Choosing Software
			Simple Versus Multi-Tiered WebSite Architecture
			Web Server Software
				Site Management Tools
				Dynamic Page Generation Tools
			Application Servers
			E-commerce Merchant Server Software Functionality
				Online Catalog
				Shopping Cart
				Credit Card Processing
			Merchant Server Software Packages (E-commerce Software Platforms)
				Choosing an E-commerce Software Platform
		4.4 Choosing Hardware
			Right-sizing Your Hardware Platform: The Demand Side
			Right-sizing Your Hardware Platform: The Supply Side
		4.5 Other E-commerce Site Tools
			WebSite Design: Basic Business Considerations
			Tools for Search Engine Optimization
			Tools for Interactivity and Active Content
				Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
				Active Server Pages (ASP) and ASP.NET
				Java, Java Server Pages (JSP), and JavaScript
				ActiveX and VBScript
				ColdFusion
				PHP, Ruby on Rails (RoR), and Django
			Other Design Elements
			Personalization Tools
			The Information Policy Set
			Insight on Society: Designing for Accessibility
		4.6 Developing a Mobile Website and Building Mobile Applications
			Planning and Building a Mobile Presence
			Mobile Presence: Design Considerations
			Cross-platform Mobile App Development Tools
			Mobile Presence: Performance and Cost Considerations
		4.7 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: UX Designer
			Insight on Technology: Carnival Cruise Ships Go Mobile
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		4.8 Case Study: Dick’s Sporting Goods: Taking Control of Its E-commerce Operations
		4.9 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	5 E-COMMERCE SECURITY AND PAYMENT SYSTEMS
		5.1 The E-commerce Security Environment
			The Scope of the Problem
				The Underground Economy Marketplace: The Value of Stolen Information
			What Is Good E-commerce Security?
			Dimensions of E-commerce Security
			The Tension Between Security and Other Values
				Security versus Ease of Use
				Public Safety and the Criminal Uses of the Internet
		5.2 Security Threats in the E-commerce Environment
			Malicious Code
			Potentially Unwanted Programs (PUPs)
			Phishing
			Hacking, Cybervandalism, and Hacktivism
			Data Breaches
			Insight on Society: Equifax: Really Big Data Hacked
			Credit Card Fraud/Theft
			Identity Fraud
			Spoofing, Pharming, and Spam (Junk) Websites
			Sniffing and Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
			Denial of Service (DOS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) Attacks
			Insider Attacks
			Poorly Designed Software
			Social Network Security Issues
			Mobile Platform Security Issues
			Cloud Security Issues
			Insight on Technology: Think Your Smartphone Is Secure?
			Internet of Things Security Issues
		5.3 Technology Solutions
			Protecting Internet Communications
			Encryption
				Symmetric Key Cryptography
				Public Key Cryptography
				Public Key Cryptography Using Digital Signatures and Hash Digests
				Digital Envelopes
				Digital Certificates and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
				Limitations of PKI
		Securing Channels of Communication
			Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS)
			Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
			Wireless (Wi-Fi) Networks
		Protecting Networks
			Firewalls
			Proxy Servers
			Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems
		Protecting Servers and Clients
			Operating System Security Enhancements
			Anti-Virus Software
		5.4 Management Policies, Business Procedures, and Public Laws
			A Security Plan: Management Policies
			Insight on Business: Are Biometrics the Solution for E-commerce Security?
			The Role of Laws and Public Policy
				Private and Private-Public Cooperation Efforts
				Government Policies and Controls on Encryption
		5.5 E-commerce Payment Systems
			Online Credit Card Transactions
				Credit Card E-commerce Enablers
				PCI-DSS Compliance
				Limitations of Online Credit Card Payment Systems
			Alternative Online Payment Systems
			Mobile Payment Systems: Your Smartphone Wallet
			Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies
		5.6 Electronic Billing Presentment and Payment
			Market Size and Growth
			EBPP Business Models
		5.7 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			The Position: Cybersecurity Threat Management Team Trainee
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		5.8 Case Study: Mobile Payments: Fintech vs. the Bank Giants
		5.9 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
		Learning Objectives
		Cyberwar: MAD 2.0
PART 3 Business Concepts and Social Issues
	6 E-COMMERCE MARKETING AND ADVERTISING CONCEPTS
		Learning Objectives
		Video Ads: Shoot, Click, Buy
		6.1 Consumers Online: The Internet Audience and Consumer Behavior
			Internet Traffic Patterns: The Online Consumer Profile
				Intensity and Scope of Usage
				Demographics and Access
				Type of Internet Connection: Broadband and Mobile Impacts
				Community Effects: Social Contagion in Social Networks
			Consumer Behavior Models
			The Online Purchasing Decision
			Shoppers: Browsers and Buyers
			What Consumers Shop for and Buy Online
			Intentional Acts: How Shoppers Find Vendors Online
			Why Some People Don’t Shop Online
			Trust, Utility, and Opportunism in Online Markets
		6.2 Digital Commerce Marketing and Advertising Strategies and Tools
			Strategic Issues and Questions
			The Website as a Marketing Platform: Establishing the Customer Relationship
			Traditional Online Marketing and Advertising Tools
				Search Engine Marketing and Advertising
				Display Ad Marketing
				E-mail Marketing
				Affiliate Marketing
				Viral Marketing
				Lead Generation Marketing
			Social, Mobile, and Local Marketing and Advertising
			Multi-channel Marketing: Integrating Online and Offline Marketing
			Other Online Marketing Strategies
				Customer Retention Strategies
			Insight on Business: Are the Very Rich Different from You and Me?
				Pricing Strategies
				Long Tail Marketing
			Insight on Technology: The Long Tail: Big Hits and Big Misses
		6.3 Internet Marketing Technologies
			The Revolution in Internet Marketing Technologies
			Web Transaction Logs
			Supplementing the Logs: Cookies and Other Tracking Files
			Databases, Data Warehouses, Data Mining, and Big Data
				Databases
			Insight on Society: Every Move You Take, Every Click You Make, We’ll Be Tracking You
				Data Warehouses and Data Mining
				The Challenge of Big Data
			Marketing Automation and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems
		6.4 Understanding the Costs and Benefits of Online Marketing Communications
			Online Marketing Metrics: Lexicon
			How Well Does Online Advertising Work?
			The Costs of Online Advertising
			Marketing Analytics: Software for Measuring Online Marketing Results
		6.5 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			The Position: Digital Marketing Assistant
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		6.6 Case Study: Programmatic Advertising: Real-Time Marketing
		6.7 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	7 SOCIAL, MOBILE, AND LOCAL MARKETING
		Learning Objectives
		Building a Microbrand with Facebook Ads
		7.1 Introduction to Social, Mobile, and Local Marketing
			From Eyeballs to Conversations
			From the Desktop to the Smartphone and Tablet
			The Social, Mobile, Local Nexus
		7.2 Social Marketing
			Social Marketing Players
			The Social Marketing Process
			Facebook Marketing
			Basic Facebook Features
			Facebook Marketing Tools
			Starting a Facebook Marketing Campaign
			Measuring Facebook Marketing Results
			Twitter Marketing
			Insight on Technology: Optimizing Social Marketing with Sprout Social
				Basic Twitter Features
				Twitter Marketing Tools
				Starting a Twitter Marketing Campaign
				Measuring Twitter Marketing Results
			Pinterest Marketing
				Basic Pinterest Features
				Pinterest Marketing Tools
				Starting a Pinterest Marketing Campaign
				Measuring Pinterest Marketing Results
			Marketing on Other Social Networks: Instagram, Snapchat, and Linkedin
			The Downside of Social Marketing
		7.3 Mobile Marketing
			Overview: M-commerce Today
			Insight on Society: Marketing to Children of the Web in the Age of Social Networks
				How People Actually Use Mobile Devices
				In-App Experiences and In-App Ads
				How the Multi-Screen Environment Changes the Marketing Funnel
			Basic Mobile Marketing Features
				The Technology: Basic Mobile Device Features
			Mobile Marketing Tools: Ad Formats
			Starting a Mobile Marketing Campaign
			Insight on Business: Mobile Marketing Revs Up with 3D and Augmented Reality
			Measuring Mobile Marketing Results
		7.4 Local and Location-Based Mobile Marketing
			The Growth of Local Marketing
			The Growth of Location-Based (Local) Mobile Marketing
			Location-Based Marketing Platforms
			Location-Based Mobile Marketing: The Technologies
			Why Is Location-based Mobile Marketing Attractive to Marketers?
			Location-Based Marketing Tools
				A New Lexicon: Location-Based Digital Marketing Features
				Proximity Marketing with Beacons
			Starting a Location-Based Marketing Campaign
			Measuring Location-Based Marketing Results
		7.5 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			The Position: Social Media Associate
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		7.6 Case Study: ExchangeHunterJumper.com: Building a Brand with Social Marketing
		7.7 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	8 ETHICAL, SOCIAL, AND POLITICAL ISSUES IN E-COMMERCE
		Learning Objectives
		The Right to Be Forgotten: Europe Leads on Internet Privacy
		8.1 Understanding Ethical, Social, and Political Issues in E-commerce
			A Model for Organizing the Issues
			Basic Ethical Concepts: Responsibility, Accountability, and Liability
			Analyzing Ethical Dilemmas
			Candidate Ethical Principles
		8.2 Privacy and Information Rights
			What Is Privacy?
			Privacy in the Public Sector: Privacy Rights of Citizens
			Privacy in the Private Sector: Privacy Rights of Consumers
				Information Collected by E-commerce Companies
				Key Issues in Online Privacy of Consumers
				Marketing: Profiling, Behavioral Targeting, and Retargeting
				Social Networks: Privacy and Self Revelation
				Mobile Devices: Privacy Issues
				Consumer Privacy Regulation and Enforcement: The FTC
				Consumer Privacy Regulation: The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
				Privacy and Terms of Use Policies
				Privacy Protection in Europe: The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
				Industry Self-Regulation
				Technological Solutions
			Privacy Protection as a Business
			Privacy Advocacy Groups
			Limitations on the Right to Privacy: Law Enforcement and Surveillance
			Insight on Technology: Apple: Defender of Privacy?
		8.3 Intellectual Property Rights
			Types of Intellectual Property Protection
			Copyright: the Problem of Perfect Copies and Encryption
				Fair Use Doctrine
				The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998
				Copyright Protection in the European Union
			Patents: Business Methods and Processes
				E-commerce Patents
			Trademarks: Online Infringement and Dilution
				Trademarks and the Internet
				Cybersquatting and Brandjacking
				Cyberpiracy
				Metatagging
				Keywording
				Linking
				Framing
			Trade Secrets
			Challenge: Balancing the Protection of Property with Other Values
		8.4 Governance
			Can the Internet Be Controlled?
			Taxation
			Net Neutrality
			Insight on Business: Internet Sales Tax Battle
			Antitrust, Monopoly, and Market Competition in the Internet Era
		8.5 Public Safety and Welfare
			Protecting Children
			Cigarettes, Gambling, and Drugs: Is the Web Really Borderless?
			Insight on Society: The Internet Drug Bazaar
		8.6 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: E-commerce Privacy Research Associate
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		8.7 Case Study: Are Big Tech Firms Getting “Too Big”?
		8.8 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
PART 4 E-commerce in Action
	9 ONLINE RETAIL AND SERVICES
		Learning Objectives
		Blue Nile Sparkles for Your Cleopatra
		9.1 The Online Retail Sector
			The Retail Industry
			Online Retailing
				E-commerce Retail: The Vision
				The Online Retail Sector Today
		9.2 Analyzing the Viability of Online Firms
			Strategic Analysis
			Financial Analysis
		9.3 E-commerce in Action: E-tailing Business Models
			Virtual Merchants
			Amazon
				The Vision
				Business Model
				Financial Analysis
				Strategic Analysis—Business Strategy
				Strategic Analysis—Competition
				Strategic Analysis—Technology
				Strategic Analysis—Social and Legal Challenges
				Future Prospects
			Omni-Channel Merchants: Bricks-and-Clicks
			Catalog Merchants
			Manufacturer-Direct
			Common Themes in Online Retailing
		9.4 The Service Sector: Offline and Online
			Insight on Technology: Big Data and Predictive Marketing
		9.5 Online Financial Services
			Fintech
			Online Banking and Brokerage
				Multi-Channel vs. Pure Online Financial Services Firms
				Financial Portals and Account Aggregators
			Online Mortgage and Lending Services
			Online Insurance Services
			Online Real Estate Services
		9.6 Online Travel Services
			Why Are Online Travel Services So Popular?
			The Online Travel Market
			Online Travel Industry Dynamics
		9.7 Online Career Services
			Insight on Society: Phony Reviews
			It’s Just Information: The Ideal Web Business?
			Online Recruitment Industry Trends
		9.8 On-Demand Service Companies
			Insight on Business: Food on Demand: Instacart and Grubhub
		9.9 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: Associate, e-Commerce Initiatives
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		9.10 Case Study: OpenTable: Your Reservation Is Waiting
		9.11 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	10 ONLINE CONTENT AND MEDIA
		Learning Objectives
		The Internet Broadcasting System Goes Primetime
		10.1 Online Content
			Content Audience: Where Are the Eyeballs?
			Content Market: Entertainment and Media Industry Revenues
			Insight on Society: Are Millennials Really All That Different?
			Online Content: Consumption, Revenue Models, and Revenue
			Digital Rights Management (DRM) and Walled Gardens
			Media Industry Structure
			Media Convergence: Technology, Content, and Industry Structure
				Technological Convergence
				Content Convergence
				Industry Structure Convergence
		10.2 The Online Publishing Industry
			Online Newspapers
				From Print-centric to Digital First: The Evolution of Newspaper Online Business
				Online Newspaper Industry: Strengths and Challenges
			Insight on Business: Vox: Native Digital News
			Magazines Rebound on the Digital Platform
			E-Books and Online Book Publishing
				Amazon and Apple: The New Digital Media Ecosystems
				E-book Business Models
				Interactive Books: Converging Technologies
		10.3 The Online Entertainment Industry
			Home Entertainment: Television and Movies
			Insight on Technology: Hollywood and Big Tech: Let’s Have Lunch
			Music
			Games
		10.4 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: Digital Audience Development Specialist
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		10.5 Case Study: Netflix: How Does This Movie End?
		10.6 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	11 SOCIAL NETWORKS, AUCTIONS, AND PORTALS
		Learning Objectives
		Social Network Fever Spreads to the Professions
		11.1 Social Networks and Online Communities
			What Is an Online Social Network?
			The Growth of Social Networks and Online Communities
			Turning Social Networks into Businesses
			Types of Social Networks and Their Business Models
			Insight on Society: The Dark Side of Social Networks
			Social Network Technologies and Features
		11.2 Online Auctions
			Insight on Technology: Trapped Inside the Facebook Bubble?
			Benefits and Costs of Auctions
				Benefits of Auctions
				Risks and Costs of Auctions
			Auctions as an E-commerce Business Model
			Types and Examples of Auctions
			When to Use Auctions (and for What) in Business
			Auction Prices: Are They the Lowest?
			Consumer Trust in Auctions
			When Auction Markets Fail: Fraud and Abuse in Auctions
		11.3 E-commerce Portals
			The Growth and Evolution of Portals
			Types of Portals: General-Purpose and Vertical Market
			Insight on Business: Verizon Doubles Down on Portals
			Portal Business Models
		11.4 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: Social Marketing Specialist
			Qualifications/Skills
			Preparing for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		11.5 Case Study: eBay Evolves
		11.6 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
	12 B2B E-COMMERCE: SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND COLLABORATIVE COMMERCE
		Learning Objectives
		Amazon Takes on B2B with Amazon Business
		12.1 An Overview of B2B E-commerce
			Some Basic Definitions
			The Evolution of B2B E-commerce
			The Growth of B2B E-commerce
			Potential Benefits and Challenges of B2B E-commerce
		12.2 The Procurement Process and Supply Chains
			Insight on Society: Where’s My iPad? Supply Chain Risk and Vulnerability
			Steps in the Procurement Process
			Types of Procurement
			Multi-Tier Supply Chains
			Visibility and Other Concepts in Supply Chain Management
			The Role of Existing Legacy Computer Systems and Enterprise Systems in Supply Chains
		12.3 Trends in Supply Chain Management and Collaborative Commerce
			Just-in-Time and Lean Production
			Supply Chain Simplification
			Supply Chain Black Swans: Adaptive Supply Chains
			Accountable Supply Chains: Labor Standards
			Sustainable Supply Chains: Lean, Mean, and Green
			Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
			Mobile B2B
			B2B in the Cloud
			Supply Chain Management Systems
			Blockchain and Supply Chain Management
			Collaborative Commerce
			Insight on Technology: Blockchain Takes on the Diamond Supply Chain
				Collaboration 2.0: Cloud, Web, Social, and Mobile
			Social Networks and B2B: The Extended Social Enterprise
			B2B Marketing
		12.4 Net Marketplaces: The Selling Side of B2B
			Characteristics of Net Marketplaces
			Types of Net Marketplaces
				E-distributors
				E-procurement
				Exchanges
				Industry Consortia
		12.5 Private Industrial Networks
			Objectives of Private Industrial Networks
			Private Industrial Networks and Collaborative Commerce
			Insight on Business: Walmart’s Private Industrial Network Supports Omni-channel Growth
			Implementation Barriers
		12.6 Careers in E-commerce
			The Company
			Position: Junior Supply Chain Analyst
			Qualifications/Skills
			How to Prepare for the Interview
			Possible First Interview Questions
		12.7 Case Study: Elemica: Cooperation, Collaboration, and Community
		12.8 Review
			Key Concepts
			Questions
			Projects
			References
Index