Dār al-Islām Revisited. Territoriality in Contemporary Islamic Legal Discourse on Muslims in the West

Acknowledgements 
List of Abbreviations 
Notes on Transliteration, Translation, and Dates 

1 Introduction 
 1.1 Contested Territory: Dār al-Islām and Dār al-Ḥarb in Western Academia and Beyond 
 1.2 Research Questions and Scope of This Study 
 1.3 Sources and Methodology 
 1.4 Conceptual Framework: A Spatial Perspective on Islamic Legal Discourse 
 1.5 Typology of Territorial Concepts and Chapter Outline 

Part 1: Territoriality in Islamic Legal Discourse: A Historical Outline


2 Formation and Development of Territorial Concepts in the Pre-Modern Period 
 2.1 The Emergence of the Concepts of Dār al-Islām and Dār al-Ḥarb 
 2.2 The Development of Territorial Concepts in the Pre-modern Period 
 2.3 Residence in Non-Muslim Territory and the Obligation of Hijra 
 2.4 Ibn Taymiyya’s Attempt to Abandon Dualist Conceptions of Territories 
 2.5 On the Applicability of the Shariʿa and the Validity of Non-Muslim Laws 
 2.6 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

3 Debates on Territoriality in the Modern Period 
 3.1  Dār al-Islām under Occupation: Discussions about Territoriality in the Colonial Period 
 3.2 Rethinking Territoriality in a World of Nation States 
 3.3 Is Europe Dār al-Islām? The Beginnings of the Contemporary Discourse on Territoriality 
 3.4 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

Part 2: Contemporary Discourse on Territoriality


4 Dār al-Islām versus Dār al-Kufr: Reinventing Traditional Binaries 
 4.1 Prominent Proponents 
 4.2 Contextualizing Their Approaches 
 4.3  Dār al-Islām versus Dār al-Kufr: A Perennial Dichotomy 
 4.4 The West as a “Territory of Unbelief” 
 4.5 Territoriality from the Perspective of Hizb ut-Tahrir 
 4.6 Jihadists’ Views on Territoriality 
 4.7 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

5 Dār al-Islām and the West: A Contractual Relationship 
 5.1 Prominent Proponents 
 5.2 Contextualizing Their Approaches 
 5.3 Normative but Adaptable? Tracing the Origins of Territorial Concepts 
 5.4 Defining the Boundaries of Dār al-Islām 
 5.5 Locating the West 
 5.6 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

6 Dār al-Islām Relocated: How “Islamic” is the West? 
 6.1 Prominent Proponents 
 6.2 Contextualizing Their Approaches 
 6.3 “Islam Does Not Know Geographic Boundaries” – Reconsidering the Origins of Dār al-Islām 
 6.4 Deconstructing Traditional Boundaries 
 6.5 The Institutionalization of the Idea: The International Institute of Islamic Thought 
 6.6 Measuring the “Islamicity” of Modern States: The Shariah Index Project 
 6.7 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

7 Rethinking Territoriality beyond Dār al-Islām: Alternative Calls for Overcoming Geo-Religious Boundaries 
 7.1 Prominent Proponents 
 7.2 Contextualizing their Approaches 
 7.3  Dār al-Shahāda: Ramadan’s Notion of the World as a Unified “Territory of Testimony” 
 7.4 Oubrou’s Call for a New “Geotheology” 
 7.5 Nayed’s Concept of the “Interior Abode of Peace” 
 7.6 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

Part 3: Why Territoriality Matters


8 Territoriality, Residence, and Legal Interpretation in the West 
 8.1 Legitimacy of Residence in non-Muslim Countries 
 8.2 On the Validity of non-Muslim Laws 
 8.3 Territoriality and the Legitimization of Minority Fiqh 
 8.4 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

9 Territoriality, Authority, and Identity 
 9.1 Territoriality and the Question of Religious Authority in a Globalized World 
 9.2 Territoriality and the Construction of Muslim Identity 
 9.3 Chapter Summary and Concluding Remarks 

10 Conclusion 

Bibliography 
 Interviews and Personal Communication