Discoveries at the Frontiers of Science (FIAS Interdisciplinary Science Series)

Preface
Contents
Contributors
What the Azimuthal Distribution  of Heavy Mesons Tells Us About the Quark Gluon Plasma?
	1 Introduction
	2 The MC@sHQ Approach
	3 Azimuthal Distribution of a Back-to-Back Emitted QbarQ Pair
	4 v2 as a Measure of Approaching Equilibrium
	5 Eccentricity Is only One Reason for a Finite v2
	6 Summary
	References
Limiting Temperature, Phase Transition(s), Crossover, …
	1 Introduction
	2 Hagedorn Limiting Temperature
	3 Excluded Volume Effects
	4 Statistical Models of Bags
	5 Summary
	References
The Charming Beauty of the Strong Interaction
	1 Introduction
	2 Charm Under Extreme Conditions
		2.1 Excited Charmed Baryons
		2.2 Charmed Hadrons in Matter
		2.3 D-Meson Bound States in Nuclei
		2.4 D-Meson Propagation in Hot Matter
	3 Beauty Under Extreme Conditions
		3.1 Excited Beauty Baryons
		3.2 barB Meson and Λb Propagation in Hot Matter
	References
Novel Physics Opportunities at the HESR-Collider with PANDA at FAIR
	1 Introduction
	2 Study of Bound States Containing Heavy Quarks
		2.1 The Heavy Quark Production Rates
		2.2 Rate Estimates
		2.3 Hidden Beauty Resonance Production
	3 Potential for Discovery of New States
		3.1 bqq-Baryons and bbarq Mesons
		3.2 Excited States Containing b barb
		3.3 Baryons and Mesons Containing Two Heavy Quarks
		3.4 Summary
	4 Other Opportunities
		4.1 barp A Elastic Scattering and Absorption
		4.2 Coherent Hypernuclei Production
	5 Unique Opportunities for Probing QCD Properties  at the barp A Collider
		5.1 Space-Time Picture of the Formation of Hadrons Containing Heavy Quarks
		5.2 New Heavy-Quark States
		5.3 Color Fluctuations in Nucleons
		5.4 Probing Pure Glue Matter
		5.5 Low- and Large Mass Dilepton Production
	6 Final Remarks
	References
Regge Trajectories of Radial Meson Excitations: Exploring the Dyson–Schwinger and Bethe–Salpeter Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Recalling the DS and BS Equations in Rainbow-Ladder Approximation
	3 Numerical Methods and Results
	4 Summary
	References
The Physics Case for the FAIR/NICA Energy Region
	1 Introduction
	2 What Makes the Beam Energy sqrtsNN approx10  GeV Special?
		2.1 Maximum Net Baryon Density
		2.2 Transition from a Baryon Dominated to a Meson Dominated Final State
		2.3 Ratios of Strange Hadrons to Pions
	3 Conclusions
	References
Structure and Width of the dast(2380) Dibaryon
	1 Walter Greiner: Recollections
	2 Pion Assisted NΔ and ΔΔ Dibaryons
		2.1 The Dyson–Xuong 1964 Prediction
		2.2 Pion Assisted Dibaryons
		2.3 NΔ Dibaryons
		2.4 ΔΔ Dibaryons
	3 The Width of dast(2380), Small or Large?
	4 Conclusion
	References
Dense Matter in Neutron Star: Lessons from GW170817
	1 Introduction
	2 Equation of State for Neutron Star Matter
		2.1 Non-uniform Matter
		2.2 Density Dependent Field Theory for Dense Matter
	3 Maximum Mass of Neutron Star
		3.1 Constraint on EoS
	4 Summary and Conclusion
	References
Quark Matter in Neutron Stars
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of Quark Matter
	3 EoS of Quark-Hybrid Matter and Neutron Star Structure
		3.1 The Maxwell Phase Transition
		3.2 The Gibbs Phase Transition
	4 Summary
	References
Binary Compact Star Mergers  and the Phase Diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics
	1 Preface
	2 Introduction
	3 Compact Stars in QCD-Motivated Models
	4 Numerical Relativity of Binary Compact Star Mergers
		4.1 Theoretical Background of a BNS Merger Simulation
		4.2 Neutron Star Mergers and the Phase Diagram of QCD
	5 Summary and Outlook
	References
Simulations of Accretions Disks at the Frequency Used of the Event Horizon Telescope
	1 Introduction
	2 The Pseudo-complex General Relativity
	3 Simulation of Accretions Disks: A Very Simple Model
	4 Conclusions
	References
Generic Theory of Geometrodynamics from Noether\'s Theorem for the Diff(M) Symmetry Group
	1 Introduction
	2 Canonical Transformations Under a Dynamic Spacetime
	3 Generalized Noether Theorem
	4 Finite Diff(M) Transformation
	5 Infinitesimal Diff(M) Transformation
	6 The Noether Theorem in the Form of Eq. (19)
	7 The Noether Current tildejNµ Associated with Diffeomorphism
	8 Discussion of the Conserved Noether Current
		8.1 Condition 1: Term Proportional to the Third Partial Derivatives of hβ
		8.2 Condition 2: Terms Proportional to the Second Partial Derivatives of hβ
		8.3 Condition 3: Terms Proportional to the First Partial Derivatives of hβ
		8.4 Condition 4: Term Proportional to hβ
		8.5 Amended Canonical Energy-Momentum tildeΘνµ
	9 Discussion of the Field Equations in the Lagrangian Description
		9.1 Lagrangian Representation of the Noether Condition (45)
		9.2 Consistency Relation
		9.3 Equivalence of the Noether Condition (48) and the Consistency Relation (56)
		9.4 Correlation of Spin and Torsion
	10 Sample Lagrangians
		10.1 Lagrangian mathcalLR of the ``Free\'\' Gravitational Field
		10.2 Klein–Gordon Lagrangian mathcalL0
		10.3 Proca Lagrangian
	11 Summary and Conclusions
	References
High-Resolution Experiments with Exotic Nuclei and Mesic Atoms
	1 Introduction
	2 The In-Flight Separator FRS
	3 Discovery of New Isotopes and Decay Modes
	4 Discovery of New Nuclear Matter Distributions
	5 Exotic Atoms
	6 Super-FRS, the Next-Generation In-Flight Facility  at FAIR
	References
Walter Greiner, a Pioneer in Super Heavy Element Research Historical Remarks and New Experimental Developments
	1 Introduction
	2 Super-Heavy Elements, the Presence
	3 Historical Remarks, Our Discoveries Proving Greiner’s Predictions
	4 In-Flight Separators for SHE Research
	5 The Future—SHE Factories
	6 Reaction Studies
	7 Experiments and New Instrumentation
	8 Conclusion
	References
Collective Motion and the Asymmetric-Matter Equation-of-State
	1 Introduction
	2 The ASY-EOS Experiment
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Sensitivity to Density
	5 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Photon Absorption and Electron Scattering by Endohedrals
	1 Introduction
	2 Fullerene Shell Action
	3 Polarization Factor
	4 Destruction and Formation of Resonances
	5 Decay of Vacancies
	6 Electron and Positron Scattering
	7 Conclusions and Perspectives
	Walter Greiner—A Colleague and Friend
	References
Power Flows in Complex Renewable Energy Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Complex Renewable Energy Networks
	3 Power Flows
	4 Scaling of Transmission Capacities in Coarse-Grained System Models
	5 Flow Allocation Methods
	6 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
On Configuration Space, Born\'s Rule and Ontological States
	1 Introduction
	2 Hamiltonian Cellular Automata—Some Essentials
	3 Conservation Laws, Configuration Space and a Glimpse of the Born Rule
	4 The Hypothesis of Ontological States
		4.1 Avoiding Superpositions
		4.2 More Interesting CA and Their calOS
	5 Conclusion
	References
Photon Scattering Off Nuclei
	1 Introduction
	2 Formalism of Photon Scattering
		2.1 The Photon Scattering Amplitude
		2.2 Generalized Nuclear Polarizabilities
		2.3 The Elastic Scattering Cross Section
	3 Applications
		3.1 Photon Scattering Off Complex Nuclei in the Giant Dipole Resonance Region
		3.2 Photon Scattering Off Complex Nuclei in The Δ(1232) Region
		3.3 Photon Scattering Off the Deuteron
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Confluence of Ideas and Experiments—A Tribute to Professor Walter Greiner
	1 Professor Walter Greiner
	2 Professor Walter Greiner and Professor David Allan Bromley—Lifelong Parallels
	3 In Walter\'s Own Words
	4 Crossroads—Nuclear Molecules
	5 Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics
		5.1 Compression Effects and the Nuclear Equation of State
		5.2 Compression Effects—Collective Flow in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
	6 Closing Remarks
	References
Pions in Matter Matter
	1 Introduction
		1.1 A Very Personal Introduction
		1.2 Some Nostalgic Remarks Containing a Genealogy  of QMD
		1.3 The Production of Pions
	2 Pions and the Nuclear Equation of State
		2.1 Pions, a Signature for the High Density Region?
		2.2 Pion Flow: We See an Eos, but Which One?
		2.3 Coming Back to Diogène Data
	3 What the Pion Tells Us About the Nucleus
		3.1 Can Pions Measure the In-Medium Mass of Deltas?
		3.2 Why Do We See Different Temperatures in Pion Spectra?
		3.3 Pions and Thermodynamics: A Happy Coincidence?
		3.4 Pions Can Measure the Neutron Skin!
	4 Conclusion
		4.1 What We Discussed in that Paper
		4.2 What Has Marked the Author in that Physics Domain at that Energy
		4.3 A Pledge for Changing a Paradigm
	References
Die Erste Stunde (The First Hour)
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Frankfurt 1968–1971
		1.2 Theoretical Physics Course Books
		1.3 The Beginning of Strong Field Physics in Frankfurt
		1.4 The Stability Principle
	2 Born-Infeld Nonlinear Electromagnetism
	3 Positron Production and Charged Vacuum
		3.1 Dirac Equation and ``Diving\'\'
		3.2 Quasi Molecules
		3.3 Experiments on Positron Production
	4 Our Life
	References
In Memoriam Walter Greiner 1935–2016. Was Bleibt?
	1 From Neuenbau to Frankfurt
	2 Ph.D. in Freiburg and the Rotational-Vibrational Model for Nuclei
	3 Walter in Maryland and in Tallahassee/Florida
	4 Walter Accepts the Offer for a Full Professorship in Frankfurt
	5 The Positron Lines
	6 The Different Phases of Nuclear Matter and the Description of Heavy Ion Reactions
	7 Shock Waves and Density Isomers
	8 New Results from ALICE at LHC
	9 Superheavy Nuclei
	10 Pseudo-complex General Relativity and Black Holes
	11 Frankfurt School
	12 Walters Textbooks and Awards
	13 Radiation Therapy with Heavy Ions
	14 Was Bleibt? What Remains?
	References