Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB, 2nd Edition

Cover Page......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 13
Contents......Page 7
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 19
Overview of Digital Signal Processing......Page 20
ADVANTAGES OF DSP OVER ASP......Page 21
TWO IMPORTANT CATEGORIES OF DSP......Page 22
A Few Words about MATLAB®......Page 24
Discrete-time Signals......Page 25
TYPES OF SEQUENCES......Page 26
OPERATIONS ON SEQUENCES......Page 28
SOME USEFUL RESULTS......Page 35
LINEAR SYSTEMS......Page 38
Convolution......Page 40
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 43
SEQUENCE CORRELATIONS REVISITED......Page 45
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 47
DIGITAL FILTERS......Page 51
Problems......Page 52
The Discrete-time Fourier Transform (DTFT)......Page 58
TWO IMPORTANT PROPERTIES......Page 59
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 60
The Properties of the DTFT......Page 65
The Frequency Domain Representation of LTI Systems......Page 71
RESPONSE TO SINUSOIDAL SEQUENCES......Page 72
RESPONSE TO ARBITRARY SEQUENCES......Page 73
FREQUENCY RESPONSE FUNCTION FROM DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS......Page 75
Sampling and Reconstruction of Analog Signals......Page 78
SAMPLING......Page 79
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 81
RECONSTRUCTION......Page 84
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 87
Problems......Page 92
The Bilateral z-Transform......Page 98
PROPERTIES OF THE ROC......Page 101
Important Properties of the z-Transform......Page 102
SOME COMMON z-TRANSFORM PAIRS......Page 105
Inversion of the z-Transform......Page 107
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 109
System Representation in the z-Domain......Page 113
SYSTEM FUNCTION FROM THE DIFFERENCE EQUATION REPRESENTATION......Page 114
TRANSFER FUNCTION REPRESENTATION......Page 115
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 116
STABILITY AND CAUSALITY......Page 120
Solutions of the Difference Equations......Page 123
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 126
Problems......Page 129
5 THE DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM......Page 136
The Discrete Fourier Series......Page 137
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 138
RELATION TO THE z-TRANSFORM......Page 141
RELATION TO THE DTFT......Page 143
Sampling and Reconstruction in the z-Domain......Page 144
THE DTFT INTERPOLATION FORMULA......Page 147
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 148
The Discrete Fourier Transform......Page 149
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 151
Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform......Page 159
Linear Convolution Using the DFT......Page 173
ERROR ANALYSIS......Page 175
BLOCK CONVOLUTIONS......Page 177
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 179
The Fast Fourier Transform......Page 180
DIVIDE-AND-COMBINE APPROACH......Page 184
RADIX-2 FFT ALGORITHM......Page 185
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 187
FAST CONVOLUTIONS......Page 189
HIGH-SPEED BLOCK CONVOLUTIONS......Page 190
Problems......Page 192
6 DIGITAL FILTER STRUCTURES......Page 204
IIR Filter Structures......Page 205
DIRECT FORM......Page 206
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 207
CASCADE FORM......Page 208
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 209
PARALLEL FORM......Page 212
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 213
FIR Filter Structures......Page 219
CASCADE FORM......Page 220
LINEAR-PHASE FORM......Page 221
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 222
FREQUENCY SAMPLING FORM......Page 224
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 226
ALL-ZERO LATTICE FILTERS......Page 230
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 232
ALL-POLE LATTICE FILTERS......Page 234
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 235
LATTICE LADDER FILTERS......Page 236
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 237
Problems......Page 241
7 FIR FILTER DESIGN......Page 249
ABSOLUTE SPECIFICATIONS......Page 250
RELATIVE (DB) SPECIFICATIONS......Page 251
IMPULSE RESPONSE h(n)......Page 253
FREQUENCY RESPONSE H(ejω)......Page 255
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 259
ZERO LOCATIONS......Page 261
Window Design Techniques......Page 268
RECTANGULAR WINDOW......Page 270
BARTLETT WINDOW......Page 273
HAMMING WINDOW......Page 274
KAISER WINDOW......Page 275
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 278
DESIGN EXAMPLES......Page 279
Frequency Sampling Design Techniques......Page 290
NAIVE DESIGN METHOD......Page 293
OPTIMUM DESIGN METHOD......Page 294
DEVELOPMENT OF THE MINIMAX PROBLEM......Page 304
CONSTRAINT ON THE NUMBER OF EXTREMA......Page 308
PARKS McCLELLAN ALGORITHM......Page 310
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 311
Problems......Page 320
8 IIR FILTER DESIGN......Page 331
RELATIVE LINE ARSCALE......Page 332
PROPERTIES OF |Ha(jΩ)|[sup(2)]......Page 334
BUTTERWORTH LOWPASS FILTERS......Page 335
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 337
DESIGN EQUATIONS......Page 340
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 341
CHEBYSHEV LOWPASS FILTERS......Page 343
DESIGN EQUATIONS......Page 346
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 348
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 350
COMPUTATION OF FILTER ORDER N......Page 353
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 354
IMPULSE INVARIANCE TRANSFORMATION......Page 357
DESIGN PROCEDURE......Page 359
BILINEAR TRANSFORMATION......Page 366
DESIGN PROCEDURE......Page 369
MATCHED-z TRANSFORMATION......Page 374
Lowpass Filter Design Using MATLAB......Page 375
Frequency-band Transformations......Page 380
DESIGN PROCEDURE......Page 386
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 388
Comparison of FIR vs. IIR Filters......Page 393
Problems......Page 394
Overview......Page 404
Representation of Numbers......Page 405
FIXED-POINT SIGNED INTEGER ARITHMETIC......Page 406
GENERAL FIXED-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 413
FLOATING-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 416
The Process of Quantization and Error Characterizations......Page 420
FIXED-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 421
FLOATING-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 426
EFFECT ON POLE-ZERO LOCATIONS......Page 427
EFFECTS ON FREQUENCY RESPONSE......Page 434
FIR FILTERS......Page 438
Analysis of A/D Quantization Noise......Page 440
STATISTICAL MODEL......Page 441
ANALYSIS USING MATLAB......Page 442
TRUNCATION......Page 448
A/D QUANTIZATION NOISE THROUGH DIGITAL FILTERS......Page 449
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 451
Round-off Effects in IIR Digital Filters......Page 453
GRANULAR LIMIT CYCLES......Page 454
OVERFLOW LIMIT CYCLES......Page 460
MULTIPLICATION QUANTIZATION ERROR......Page 462
STATISTICAL ROUND-OFF NOISE—FIXED-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 467
ANALYSIS USING MATLAB......Page 469
ANALYSIS USING MATLAB......Page 475
HIGHER-ORDER FILTERS......Page 476
STATISTICAL ROUND-OFF NOISE—FLOATING-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 478
Round-off Noise in FIR Filter Realizations......Page 480
FIXED-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 481
ANALYSIS USING MATLAB......Page 483
ANALYSIS USING MATLAB......Page 488
FLOATING-POINT ARITHMETIC......Page 490
Problems......Page 492
10 SAMPLING RATE CONVERSION......Page 501
Introduction......Page 502
THE DOWN-SAMPLER......Page 504
THE IDEAL DECIMATOR......Page 509
THE UPSAMPLER......Page 513
THE IDEAL INTERPOLATOR......Page 514
Sampling Rate Conversion by a Rational Factor I/D......Page 519
FIR Filter Designs for Sampling Rate Conversion
......Page 524
FIR INTEGER INTERPOLATION......Page 525
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS......Page 532
FIR INTEGER DECIMATION......Page 534
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS......Page 539
FIR RATIONAL FACTOR RATE CONVERSION......Page 543
FIR FILTERS WITH MULTIPLE STOPBANDS......Page 545
FIR Filter Structures for Sampling Rate Conversion......Page 546
DIRECT-FORM FIR FILTER STRUCTURES......Page 547
POLYPHASE FILTER STRUCTURE......Page 550
TIME-VARIANT FILTER STRUCTURES......Page 553
Problems......Page 556
11 APPLICATIONS IN ADAPTIVE FILTERING......Page 564
LMS Algorithm for Coefficient Adjustment......Page 566
MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION......Page 568
PROJECT 11.1: SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION......Page 569
Suppression of Narrowband Interference in a Wideband Signal......Page 570
PROJECT 11.2: SUPPRESSION OF SINUSOIDAL INTERFERENCE......Page 572
Adaptive Channel Equalization......Page 573
PROJECT 11.4: ADAPTIVE CHANNEL EQUALIZATION......Page 574
Pulse-Code Modulation......Page 577
Differential PCM (DPCM)......Page 581
PROJECT 12.2: DPCM......Page 583
Adaptive PCM and DPCM (ADPCM)......Page 584
ADPCM STANDARD......Page 586
Delta Modulation (DM)......Page 588
ADAPTIVE DELTA MODULATION (ADM)......Page 590
PROJECT 12.4: DM AND ADM......Page 591
Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) of Speech......Page 592
PROJECT 12.5:LPC......Page 595
Dual-tone Multifrequency (DTMF) Signals......Page 596
THE GOERTZEL ALGORITHM......Page 597
PROJECT 12.7: BINARY DATA COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM......Page 600
Spread-Spectrum Communications......Page 601
PROJECT 12.8: BINARY SPREAD-SPECTRUM COMMUNICATIONS......Page 603
BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 605
INDEX......Page 607