Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation: 8th International Conference, ICDEc 2023, Braga, Portugal, May 2–4, 2023, Proceedings

Preface
Organization
Contents
Digital Transformation
Barriers to Digital Transformation in SMEs: A Quantitative Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Limitations and Contributions
	References
Introduction of 3G Mobile Internet and Its Effect on Start-Up Formation: A Case of Palestine
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Background
		2.1 The Economic Impact of ICTs
		2.2 Studies on ICTs in Palestine
	3 The Palestinian Case: Background Information
	4 Data Collection
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 General View on Challenges and Barriers for Start-Ups
		5.2 Entrepreneurial Milieu in Palestine: The View of Start-Up Founders
	6 Concluding Remarks
	References
 Unpacking Differences in Perceptions of Barriers to Digital Transformation – A Socio-Demographic Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusions and Implications
	References
Sustainable Business Models Beyond the Carbon Footprint – A Review of Perceived Sustainability Dimensions in Practical BMI Based on Case Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Sustainability and Sustainable Development
		2.2 Sustainable Development Goals
		2.3 Business Models and Sustainable Business Model Innovation
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
E-Learning and Digital Competencies
Student-Centered Design and Evaluation of a Learning Analytics Dashboard
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Foundations
		2.1 Learning Analytics
		2.2 Dashboard Design
	3 Development of a Learning Analytics Dashboard
		3.1 Requirement Analysis
		3.2 Data Collection
		3.3 Design of the Learning Analytics Dashboard
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Design of the Study
		4.2 Results of the Quantitative Questions
		4.3 Results of the Qualitative Questions
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion, Limitations and Further Research
	References
Competences for Digital Transformation in Companies – An Analysis of Job Advertisements in Germany
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
	3 Research Approach
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Implications
	References
How Can Learning Analytics Enhance Online Teaching? A Teacher’s Perspective
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Online Teaching
		2.2 Learning Analytics
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
		4.1 Advantages of Online Teaching
		4.2 Disadvantages of Online Teaching
		4.3 Chances of Learning Analytics
		4.4 Threats of Learning Analytics
		4.5 Requirements for the Usage of Learning Analytics
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
		5.1 Discussion of the Results
		5.2 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Digital Marketing and Artificial Intelligence
The Influence of Online Ratings and Reviews in Consumer Buying Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Ratings and Reviews
	3 Method
	4 Findings
		4.1 Year of Publication
		4.2 Journals and Research Areas
		4.3 Author Provenance and Research Areas
		4.4 Citation Impact
		4.5 Research Methods and Data Collection Techniques
		4.6 Main Themes
	5 Discussion and Trends
		5.1 R&Rs Relevant Factors
		5.2 Buying Decision Process
	6 Direction for Future Research
		6.1 Motivation to Provide R&Rs
		6.2 Understanding Review Quality
		6.3 Understanding Consumer Preference and Use of R&Rs
		6.4 Understanding the Impact of R&Rs Throughout the Buying Decision-Making Process
		6.5 R&Rs in Services
	7 Limitation
	8 Conclusions
	References
The Impact of Technological Innovation on Employment: The Case of Morocco
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Effects of Technological Innovation on Employment: Theoretical View
		2.2 The Compensation Theory
		2.3 Previous Empirical Analysis of Technological Innovation Impact on Employment
	3 Methodology and Results
		3.1 Methodology
		3.2 Results
		3.3 Variance Decomposition
		3.4 Impulse Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	Appendix 1
	Appendix 2
	References
Seamless Payment Through Artificial Intelligence in Food Retail: Factors Influencing Purchase Intent
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Artificial Intelligence
		2.2 Self-Checkout Systems (SCSs)
		2.3 Hofstede Dimensions: Germany versus Saudi Arabia
	3 Hypotheses and Research Framework
	4 Research Design
		4.1 Data Collection and Questionnaire Rationale
		4.2 Moderated Mediation Design
	5 Findings
		5.1 Demographic Data
		5.2 Cronbach’s Alpha
		5.3 Moderated Mediation Analysis
		5.4 Adapted Moderated Mediation Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	7 Limitations
	References
E-Finance and Digital Assets
Is Bitcoin's Environmental Risk Inflated? Elasticity and Fossil Fuels
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Bitcoin Network
	3 Literature Review
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Econometric Models
		4.2 Data Characteristics
	5 Empirical Results and Discussion
		5.1 Interpretation of Elasticity Results
		5.2 Discussion of Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
The Initial Coin Offering: Is It a Profitable Tool for Investment?
	1 Introduction
	2 ICOs: Specificities, Inventories and Literature Review
	3 ICO: Risks and Regulations
	4 The ROI of ICOs
	5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
Does Digital Financial Inclusion Affect Economic Growth? New Insights from MENA Region
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth
		2.2 Digital Finance and Economic Growth
	3 Data and Methodology
		3.1 Data Description and Model Specification
		3.2 Research Method
		3.3 Variables Description
		3.4 Study of Stationary: The Unit Root Test with Rupture
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Cointegration and Dependence Tests on Panel Data
		4.2 PMG-ARDL Results
		4.3 GMM-System Results
	5 Conclusion and Policy Implications
	References
Antecedents and Outcomes of Brand Hate: A Case of Anti-brand Community
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Brand Hate
		2.2 Anti-brand Community
		2.3 Antecedents of Brand Hate
		2.4 Outcomes of Brand Hate
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Study 1
		3.2 Findings 1
		3.3 Study 2
		3.4 Findings 2
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Theoretical and Managerial Implication
	5 Limitations of the Study and Future Research
	Appendix 1. Sample Characteristics
	Appendix 2. Anti-Brand Community Characteristics
	Appendix 3. Theoretical Model
	References
Digital Marketing and Data Analytics
A Systematic Literature Review on CRM Critical Success Factors
	1 Introduction
	2 CRM Approaches, Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and Outcomes
		2.1 CRM Approaches
		2.2 A Traditional Approach to CSFs for CRM: the People, Process, and Technology (PPT) Framework
		2.3 A Novel Approach to CSFs for CRM: The Transversal Role of Data Analytics Capabilities with the PPT Framework
		2.4 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Outcomes of Successful CRM Implementation
		2.5 The Theoretical Framework for CSFs of CRM Systems Integrating DAC
	3 Methodology: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
		3.1 Defining the SLR Research Question
		3.2 SLR Research Sources
		3.3 The Use of Keywords in the SLR Finding Process
		3.4 Data Extraction through the SLR
		3.5 Findings and Discussion: Main Concepts and Measurement Scales of CSFs for CRM Systems Integrating DAC
		3.6 Enriched Theoretical Framework: Measurement Scales for CRM Successful implementation
	4 Conclusion, Implications and Recommendations for the Future
	References
Consumer Experience and Augmented Reality Wine Label Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Augmented Reality Wine Label Application
	3 Method
	4 Results
		4.1 Sample
		4.2 Experience with AR Application
		4.3 Satisfaction, Attitude, and Re-Usage Intentions
		4.4 Antecedents of AR Wine Label Experience
		4.5 Conclusions
	References
Portuguese Digital Agencies and Their Clients’ Social Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Digital Marketing and Social Media
		2.2 Social Media Networks
		2.3 Agencies
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Presentation and Analysis of Results
	5 Discussion of Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Extracting Business Activities for Digital Transformation in the SET Healthcare Sector Using Verb Phrases Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Digital Healthcare Transformation
		2.2 Business Activities
		2.3 Digital Maturity Model
		2.4 Information Extraction
	3 Research Methodology
		3.1 Population and Sample
		3.2 Data Preparation
		3.3 Extracting Business Activities
		3.4 Matching Business Activities with Digital Maturity Model
	4 Results
		4.1 Descriptive Statistics of Extracted Phrases and Business Activities
		4.2 Characteristics of Obtained Business Activities
		4.3 Relation Between Obtained Business Activities and Digital Maturity Model
	5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
Digital Economy
Stock Market Activity and Financing Decisions in the Technology Industry: Does Upstream-Downstream Innovation Matter?
	1 Introduction
	2 Technology, Innovation, and the South African Experience
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Econometric Model
		3.2 Study Objective and Analytical Approach
		3.3 Data Characteristics
		3.4 Model Validation
	4 Empirical Results
	5 Discussion of Results
	6 Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
The Symmetric and Asymmetric Effects of Digitalization on Economic Growth in African Countries: Evidence from Linear and Non-Linear ARDL Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review and Hypothesis Development
		2.1 Theoretical Framework
		2.2 Empirical Literature
		2.3 Hypothesis Development Relying ICT to Economic Growth
	3 Empirical Methodology
		3.1 Sample Data and Variables Descriptions
		3.2 Technique Estimations
	4 Empirical Results and Discussions
		4.1 Univariate Analysis of the Variables
		4.2 PMG-ARDL Results
		4.3 PMG-NARDL Results
	5 Conclusion and Policy Implications
	References
Online Session
Societal Complexity Problem of E Learning Adoption in a Post Covid Context: A Tunisian University Case
	1 Introduction
	2 Factors of E-learning Efficiency: Towards a Complex Societal Approach
		2.1 Frustration Related to the Structural Transformation of the Teaching Method
		2.2 The Technological Infrastructure
		2.3 Change Management for a Sustainable E- Learning Experience
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Storytelling as an Empirical Research Methodology
		3.2 The Study Context
	4 Results and Discussion: Towards a Societal Transformation in Adopting E-Learning Approach
		4.1 The E-learning Approach: A Process of Societal Transformation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Promoting the Relationship Between E-Governance and Good Governance Through Public Trust: The Case of Tunisian Government Institution
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 The Basic Concepts of the Research
		2.2 Theory Mobilized
	3 The E-Governance and the Good Governance in the Tunisian Context
	4 The Conceptual Framework: Causal and Mediating Links
		4.1 The E-Governance/Public Trust Relationship
		4.2 Relationship Between Public Trust and Good Governance
		4.3 Relationship Between E-Governance and Good Governance
		4.4 The Role of Public Trust in Promoting the E-Governance/Good Governance Relationship
		4.5 The Conceptual Model of the Research
	5 Research Methodology
		5.1 Epistemological Positioning and Target Population
		5.2 Data Collection and Analysis Procedures
	6 Analysis and Interpretation of Results
		6.1 Results of the Qualitative Study
		6.2 Results of the Quantitative Study
	7 Discussion of the Results and Contributions of the Research
	8 Conclusion
	References
Fake News Detection in the Tunisian Social Web
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Fake News Detection proposed Approach
		3.1 Dataset Construction
		3.2 Classification models
		3.3 Text Representation
	4 Experiments and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Role of Innovation in Mediating the Relationship Between Organisational Culture and Financial Performance
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review and Study Hypotheses
		2.1 The Influence of Corporate Culture on Company Performance
		2.2 The Influence of Corporate Culture on Innovation
		2.3 Innovation Has a Positive Influence on Financial Performance
		2.4 Innovation Mediates the Relationship Between Corporate Culture and Financial Performance
	3 Research Methodology
		3.1 Data Resources
		3.2 The Variables
		3.3 Econometric Models
		3.4 Explanation of Variables
	4 Empirical Results
	5 Discussion of the Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Forecast of Brent Prices in Times of Ukrainian Crisis Using ARFIMA Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Strategy and Methodology
	3 Empirical Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Cognitive Assessment Based on Skeleton-Based Action Recognition: Ball-Drop Case
	1 Introduction
	2 MIA: Model Overview
		2.1 Problem Formulation
		2.2 Model Architecture
	3 MIA: Methodology
		3.1 Temporal Regions of Interest Extraction
		3.2 Human Skeleton Joints Extraction
		3.3 Action Recognition
		3.4 Cognitive Scoring Functions
	4 Experimental Evaluation
		4.1 Experimental Settings
		4.2 Model Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index