Digital Economy, Energy and Sustainability: Opportunities and Challenges

Preface
Introduction
Contents
Digital Economy and Sustainability
Channeling Growth for Sustainable Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Do Sectoral Patterns of Growth Matter?
	1 Introduction
	2 Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction: A Brief Literature Review
	3 Data
	4 Conceptual Framework, Model Specification, and Methodology
	5 Model Specification on the Effect of Economic Growth on Poverty Reduction
	6 Model Specification on Drivers of Economic Growth
	7 Estimation Techniques
		7.1 Baseline Estimation Technique
		7.2 Cross-Sectional Dependence
	8 Preliminary Findings
	9 Robustness Measure (Disaggregate Growth Model)
	10 Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
	Appendix
	References
Financial Inclusion and Environmental Sustainability
	1 Introduction
	2 Conceptual Framework
	3 Literature Review
		3.1 Financial Inclusion
		3.2 Environmental Sustainability
	4 Research Design
		4.1 Data
		4.2 Method of Analysis
		4.3 Variable Justification
		4.4 Descriptive Statistics
	5 Results
		5.1 Pearson Correlation Results: Full Sample
		5.2 Subsample Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
eNaira Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) for Financial Inclusion in Nigeria
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Empirical Studies
		2.2 Theories
	3 Analyzing Interest Over Time in eNaira and Financial Inclusion in Nigeria
		3.1 Local Interest Over Time in eNaira and Financial Inclusion
	4 The eNaira
	5 eNaira for Financial Inclusion
	6 Important Considerations for the Future
	7 Conclusion
	References
Catalyzing Climate Finance for Climate Actions in MENA Countries: A Holistic View of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia
	1 Introduction
	2 Current Climate Finance in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia
	3 Constraints Related to Climate Investment in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia
	4 Opportunities Related to Climate Investment in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of the Indicators of Environmental Performance in Algeria
	1 Introduction
	2 Environmental Performance and Environmental Performance Evaluation Concept
	3 Indicators of Environmental Performance: Concept and Classification
		3.1 Indicators of Environmental Performance Concept
		3.2 Characteristics of Environmental Indicators
		3.3 Classifications of Environmental Performance Indicators
	4 The Reality of Environmental Performance in Algeria
		4.1 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions
		4.2 Hydrocarbon Production, Export, and Consumption
		4.3 Natural Gas Production, Consumption, and Exports in Algeria (2005–2019)
		4.4 Renewable Energy in Algeria
	5 Renewable Energy Policy
	6 Result and Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
Circular Economy in Algeria: Strategies and Obstacles
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Circular Economy
	4 Circular Economy Strategies
		4.1 Functional and Sharing Economy
		4.2 Maintenance, Repair, and Reuse
		4.3 Ecology and Industrial Symbiosis
		4.4 Recycling and Valuation of Waste
	5 Obstacles to Implementing Circular Economy in Algeria
		5.1 Technical Constraints
		5.2 Financial and Economic Obstacles
		5.3 Social and Cultural Obstacles
		5.4 Legislative and Regulatory Barriers
		5.5 The Taxes Problem
	6 Conclusion
	References
Development and Energy
Commercializing Bee Pollination to Increase Maize Productivity and Farmers’ Economic Gains in Tanzania
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Policy, Legal, and Institutional Frameworks for Bee Pollination in Agricultural Production
		3.1 Policies, Legal Framework and Other Initiatives Governing Bee Pollination
		3.2 Institutional Framework
	4 The Current Maize Production Practices in Tanzania
	5 Potentials of Increasing Maize Productivity Using Managed Bee Pollination
	6 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Decomposing Energy-Related CO2 Emissions in Tunisia Using the LMDI Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology and Data
		3.1 Data
		3.2 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Global Decomposition Analysis
		4.2 Additive LMDI Decomposition Results for CO2 Emissions Growth in Agriculture, Industry, Transport, and Tertiary Sectors
		4.3 The Influence of Economic Activity
		4.4 The Influence of Economic Structure
		4.5 The Influence of Energy Intensity
		4.6 The Influence of the Energy-Carbon Index
	5 Additive LMDI Decomposition Results for CO2 Emissions Growth in the Residential Sector
	6 Conclusions
	References
Soil Properties and Carbon Sequestration Using Biochar and Compost on an Alfisol in Southwest Nigeria
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Experimental Layout, Compost and Biochar Production
		2.2 Soil Sampling, Sample Preparation and Analyses
		2.3 Statistical Analysis
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Effect of Biochar and Compost Application on Soil pH
		3.2 Effect of Biochar and Compost Application on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen
		3.3 Effect of Biochar and Compost Application on Soil Available P
		3.4 Effect of Biochar and Compost Application on Soil Available Ca and CEC
		3.5 Effect of Biochar and Compost Application on Soil Carbon Sequestration
		3.6 Effect of Biochar and Compost Application on the Dry Stover and Grain Yield of Maize
	4 Conclusion
	References