Digital and Sustainable Transformations in a Post-COVID World: Economic, Social, and Environmental Challenges

Preface
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Part I Introductory Chapters
1 Digital and Sustainable Transformation: An Outcoming Response to the Pandemic
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Literature Review
		1.2.1 The Digital Transformation as a Point of Departure
		1.2.2 The Twin Sustainable Transformation
	1.3 Materials and Methods
	1.4 Results
		1.4.1 Digital Transformation
		1.4.2 Innovation
		1.4.3 Sustainability
		1.4.4 Industry 4.0 (I4.0)
		1.4.5 Digitalization
		1.4.6 Smart Cities
	1.5 Discussion
	1.6 Conclusions
	References
2 The Scope of Digital Transformation in Sustainability
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 The Nexus Between Digital Constructs and Sustainability
		2.2.1 The Multilayered Structure of ICT
		2.2.2 Coding: The Essence of Digitization
		2.2.3 The Socio-Technical Phenomenon of Digitalization
		2.2.4 Digital Transformation: The Outcome of Institutional Logic
	2.3 Digital Transformation from the Dual Perspective of Reality
		2.3.1 The Construction of Rules: The Logic Behind DT
		2.3.2 The Realization of Rules: Digitalization Projects
		2.3.3 A Unified Framework
	2.4 Digital Transformation and Its Implications on Sustainability
	2.5 Conclusion
	References
Part II Digitization Progress and SDG
3 Innovation in Information Technologies for the Achievement of SDG 9 in Mexico: Technology Policy Analysis
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Literature Reviewed
		3.2.1 Public Policies Aimed at STI Represent a Fundamental Tool for the Progress of Nations
	3.3 Materials and Methods
	3.4 5G Technology Development in Mexico
	3.5 Results and Discussion
		3.5.1 Public Policy for the Fulfillment of SDG 9: National Development Plan 2019–2024
		3.5.2 National Digital Strategy (Estrategia Digital Nacional, EDN) 2021–2024
		3.5.3 Science and Technology Law
		3.5.4 Special Program for Science, Technology, and Innovation (2021–2024)
		3.5.5 Technology Policy for the 5G Network
	3.6 Conclusions
	References
Part III Developments in Digital and Sustainable Learning
4 Resilience and Capabilities Adopted by Enterprises to Cope with Disruptive Events
	4.1 Introduction
		4.1.1 Problem Statement
		4.1.2 Research Questions
		4.1.3 Research Purpose
		4.1.4 Justification
		4.1.5 Study Limitations
	4.2 Literature Review
		4.2.1 Organizational Resilience
		4.2.2 Disruptive Events
	4.3 Methodology
	4.4 Results
		4.4.1 Theoretical Implications
		4.4.2 Practical Implications
	4.5 Conclusions
	References
Part IV Digital and Sustainable Transformations in Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Services
5 Sustainability and Innovation in the Beekeeping Sector: A First Approach
	5.1 Introduction
		5.1.1 Apiculture and the Environment
		5.1.2 Economy, Society, and Apiculture
		5.1.3 Apiculture, Innovation, and Digital Tools
	5.2 Methods
	5.3 Results Analysis
	5.4 Conclusions
	Annex I
	References
6 From “Smart Company” to “Smart Business”: Implementation of Industry 4.0 Strategy Carried Out by GKN Mexico
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Industry 4.0: Definition and Scope
	6.3 Methodological Design
	6.4 Case Study: GKN Automotive
		6.4.1 GKN’s Industry 4.0 Strategy
			6.4.1.1 First Period: From Mid-2016 to September 2018
			6.4.1.2 Second Period: From October 2018 to April 2019
			6.4.1.3 Third Period: From March 2020 to the Present
		6.4.2 Collaboration and Human Talent: Two Fundamental Pillars in the Industry 4.0 Strategy
	6.5 Conclusions
	References
7 An Evaluation of Cashless Transactions During Pre- & Post-Demonetization  Era in India
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Review of Literature
	7.3 Research Methodology
		7.3.1 Sample Profile
		7.3.2 Study Period and Sources of Data
		7.3.3 Hypotheses of the Study
		7.3.4 Analysis and Interpretation
		7.3.5 Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test b: Based on Negative Ranks
	7.4 Conclusion
	References
8 Analysis of Innovation Processes in the Circular Economy in Hotel Companies, Jalisco, México
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Literature Review
		8.2.1 Innovation Process
		8.2.2 Emerging Economic Paradigms Using Triple, Quadruple, and Quintuple Helix
		8.2.3 Eco-Innovation
		8.2.4 Ecology and Sustainability
		8.2.5 Circular Economy
	8.3 Methodology
	8.4 Results
		8.4.1 Interview in Depth
	8.5 Conclusions
	References
9 Embracing Digital Transformation in the Indian Travel and Tourism Industry
	9.1 Introduction
		9.1.1 Relevance of the Study
	9.2 Review of Literature
		9.2.1 Objectives of the Study
	9.3 Research Methodology
	9.4 Analysis and Discussion
		9.4.1 Mobility Experiences
		9.4.2 Bots and Robots
		9.4.3 Smart Kiosks
		9.4.4 Contactless Transactions
		9.4.5 Suggestions
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
10 Challenges for the Digital Transformation of Ecuador’s Tourism Industry: Perceptions of Leaders in Times of Covid-19
	10.1 Background
	10.2 Theoretical Framework
		10.2.1 The Organizing Vision
		10.2.2 Neo-Institutional Isomorphic Pressures
		10.2.3 The Digital Transformation in Tourism
	10.3 Methodology
	10.4 Results
		10.4.1 Organizing Vision of Digital Transformation in the Tourism Industry of Ecuador
		10.4.2 Challenges for Digital Transformation in the Tourism Industry of Ecuador
	10.5 Discussion
		10.5.1 Reflections
	References
Part V Digital and Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Business Models
11 Innovation and Digital Transformation as a Competitive Strategy in University Entrepreneurship in Victoria de Durango, Dgo., Mexico
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Literature Review
		11.2.1 Innovation, Digital Transformation, and University Entrepreneurship
	11.3 Materials and Methods
		11.3.1 Sample
		11.3.2 Survey Design
	11.4 Results
		11.4.1 Correlations of Research Variables and Factors Used for Their Study
	11.5 Discussion
		11.5.1 Correlations
	11.6 Conclusions
	References
12 ICTs, Media, and Social Networks Use Indicators in Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Companies: An Overview in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Method
	12.3 Results
		12.3.1 Boosting Entrepreneurship Activities
		12.3.2 ICT and Internet Use in Business
	12.4 Discussion
	12.5 Conclusions
	References
13 Marketing Strategy in MSMEs Facing the Covid-19 Pandemic
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Theoretical Framework
		13.2.1 Digital Marketing in Business
		13.2.2 Pricing Policy Strategy
			13.2.2.1 Product Innovation
			13.2.2.2 E-commerce
	13.3 Methodology
		13.3.1 Sample Structure
		13.3.2 Questionnaire Design
	13.4 Results
	13.5 Conclusions
	References
14 World Research and Intellectual Structure in Digital Transformation on SMEs in Covid-19 Times
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Materials and Methods
		14.2.1 Search Terms for the Research Field
		14.2.2 Database and Document Selection
		14.2.3 Selection Criteria, Data Processing, and Software Selection
		14.2.4 Analysis of the Results
	14.3 Results
		14.3.1 Subject Area
		14.3.2 Type of Document and Language
		14.3.3 Scientific Production
		14.3.4 Countries Collaboration
		14.3.5 Co-occurrence Author Keyword Network
	14.4 Discussion
	14.5 Conclusions
	References
Part VI Smart, Sustainable, and Resilient Communities
15 Socioeconomic Impact on Rural Communities in 3 Municipalities of the State of Durango in the Face of the New Normal
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Literature Review
		15.2.1 Rural Communities in Mexico
		15.2.2 Conceptualizing the New Normal
		15.2.3 What Is COVID-19?
		15.2.4 Implications of COVID-19 in Mexico
		15.2.5 COVID-19 and the New Normal
		15.2.6 Socioeconomic Impact
	15.3 Materials and Methods
		15.3.1 Population
		15.3.2 Type of Research
		15.3.3 Survey Design and Instrument Design
		15.3.4 Reliability Analysis
	15.4 Results
		15.4.1 Descriptive Statistics for the Variable Socioeconomic Impact
		15.4.2 Correlations of Research Variables and Factors Used for Their Study
	15.5 Discussion
		15.5.1 Descriptive Statistics
		15.5.2 Correlations
	15.6 Conclusions
	15.7 Future Lines of Research
	References
Part VII Digital and Sustainable Agendas: Overview and Foresight
16 Digitalization of Manufacturing Development in Latin America and the Caribbean
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Implications of the Digitalization of Manufacturing on Development
	16.3 Methodology and Data
		16.3.1 Macro-Level Analysis
		16.3.2 Micro-Level Analysis
	16.4 Results
		16.4.1 Readiness to Adopt Frontier Technologies: A Macro-Level Perspective
		16.4.2 Diffusion and Determinants of Adoption at the Firm-Level
	16.5 Policy Implications
	16.6 Final Remarks
	References
17 Challenges and Opportunities of Digitalization in Mexico
	17.1 Industry 4.0: Drivers and Barriers
	17.2 Continual Growth of Data in Challenging Organizations and Companies
	17.3 Methodology
	17.4 Basic Questions Answered by the Companies
		17.4.1 Ways and Directions Companies Advance in Acquiring Information and Applying Digital Transformation
		17.4.2 Technologies That Facilitate Digitalization
		17.4.3 Obstacles to Digital Transformation in Companies and Their Environments
		17.4.4 Digital Literacy Becomes a Priority
	17.5 Connectivity
		17.5.1 Lack of Financing
	17.6 Findings and Research Results
	17.7 Reflections on an Unpredictable Future
	References
18 Conclusions: The Challenge Towards the Future Is Digital and Sustainable Transformations from a Systemic Perspective in a Changing COVID World
	18.1 Theoretical Contributions
	18.2 Contributions with Methodological Applications
	18.3 Empirical Research Contributions
	18.4 Challenges and Opportunities
	18.5 The Dimension of a Technological Revolution
	18.6 The Solutions Are Not Only Technological
	18.7 The Biggest Challenge Is a Systemic View
Index