Differentiating Normal and Abnormal Personality: Second Edition

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 13
Foreword by Auke Tellegen......Page 15
Introduction by Stephen Strack......Page 17
Acknowledgments......Page 28
Part 1: Theoretical Perspectives......Page 29
1 Millon’s Evolutionary Model for Unifying the Study of Normal and Abnormal Personality......Page 31
Differentiating Normal and Abnormal Personality......Page 36
Conceptualizing Personality......Page 39
Manifest and Latent Taxa......Page 44
An Evolutionary Scaffold for Personality Theory......Page 51
Personological Assessment......Page 66
Concluding Comment......Page 74
2 Psychopathology from the Perspective of the Five-Factor Model......Page 79
The Definition of Personality......Page 81
AXIS II Psychopathology and the FFM......Page 82
A Proposed Definition of Personality-Related Disorders......Page 84
An Example: The Obsessive-Compulsive Style......Page 87
Personality-Related Problems and the DSM......Page 88
Acknowledgments......Page 89
3 Differentiating Personality Deviance, Normality, and Well-Being by the Seven-Factor Psychobiological Model......Page 93
Definition and Range of Personality......Page 97
Content and Movement of Thought......Page 99
Differentiating Levels of Maturity and Well-Being......Page 101
Practical Issues and Supports for Professional TCI Use......Page 105
Summary and Conclusions......Page 106
Acknowledgments......Page 107
4 Interpersonal Theory and the Interpersonal Circumplex: Evolving Perspectives on Normal and Abnormal Personality......Page 111
The Interpersonal Tradition in Personality......Page 112
Differentiating Normal and Abnormal Personality: Individual Differences in Traits......Page 120
Differentiating Normal and Abnormal Personality: Interpersonal Transaction and Reciprocity......Page 128
Differentiating Normal and Abnormal Personality: Covert Internal Processes......Page 132
Concluding Remarks......Page 134
Theory of Personality......Page 141
Personality and Psychopathology......Page 147
Assessment Instruments for Personality Disorders......Page 153
Tests of the Cognitive Theory of Personality Disorders......Page 155
Tests of Cognitive Behavior Therapy......Page 156
Principles of Cognitive Therapy with Personality Disorders......Page 158
Acknowledgments......Page 160
6 Psychobiological Models and Issues......Page 165
Reductionism, Asymmetry, and Continuity......Page 169
Temperament, Personality, and Deviance......Page 173
Dimensionality of Psychosis......Page 179
Final Remarks......Page 185
Personality Disorder Diagnoses via DSM-IV......Page 193
Personality Disorder Diagnostic Thresholds......Page 196
Conceptual Distinction Between Normal and Abnormal Personality......Page 197
Deviation from Cultural Expectations......Page 198
Behavioral, Psychological, or Biological Dysfunction......Page 199
Inflexibilty and Dyscontrol......Page 202
Clinically Significant Impairment......Page 204
Conclusions......Page 208
Part 2: Methodology......Page 213
8 Problems and Pitfalls in Designing Research on Normal–Abnormal Personality......Page 215
General Design Issues......Page 216
Specific Design Issues......Page 222
Conclusions......Page 233
Acknowledgments......Page 234
9 Principles of Exploratory Factor Analysis......Page 237
Decisions to Be Made Prior to Collecting the Data......Page 240
Decisions to Be Made After the Data Have Been Obtained......Page 243
Decisions Directly Related to Factor Analysis......Page 245
Vertical and Horizontal Aspects of Factor Structures in Personality......Page 258
Summary and Conclusions......Page 260
Acknowledgments......Page 262
Generalized Linear Latent Variable Models......Page 267
Estimating Latent Variable Models......Page 271
Modeling Latent Distributions......Page 273
Comparing Models......Page 275
Summary......Page 282
11 Methods for Understanding Genetic and Environmental Infl uences in
Normal and Abnormal Personality......Page 285
Quantitative Genetic Methods......Page 286
Molecular Genetic Methods......Page 301
Future Directions......Page 306
12 Taxometrics......Page 311
Overview of Taxometric Methods......Page 314
Taxometric Studies of Personality......Page 316
How to Do It......Page 325
The Future of Taxometrics......Page 332
Conclusions......Page 333
Part 3: Measurement and Assessment......Page 337
13 Assessment of Maladaptive Personality Traits......Page 339
Assessment Strategy......Page 340
Which Instruments to Use?......Page 343
Convergent and Discriminant Validity......Page 355
Theoretical Underpinnings and Construction of the MMPI......Page 365
Evolution of the Original MMPI......Page 369
The MMPI-2: 2001 Update......Page 385
The MMPI-2: Post-2001 Developments......Page 390
Future Directions for the MMPI-2......Page 401
Conclusions......Page 402
Acknowledgment......Page 403
15 Interpersonal Circumplex Measures......Page 411
Measures......Page 413
Scoring and Interpreting IPC Inventories......Page 419
Using IPC Measures to Assess Abnormality......Page 420
Caveats and Conclusions......Page 425
16 The Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP)
Approach to Personality Disorder......Page 429
Conceptual Foundations......Page 430
Constructing a Theoretical Taxonomy: A Lexical Approach......Page 431
Preliminary Psychometric Analyses......Page 433
Structure of Personality Disorder......Page 434
Primary Structure......Page 435
Primary Traits......Page 436
Secondary Structure......Page 438
Genetic Architecture of the DAPP......Page 440
Genetic Influences on Basic Traits......Page 441
Personality Disorder......Page 442
Normal Personality......Page 443
Extreme Variation......Page 447
Maladaptive Trait Expression......Page 448
Specific Trait Constellations......Page 449
Personality Failure......Page 450
Classification and Diagnosis......Page 452
Concluding Comments......Page 453
17 The Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP):
A Dimensional Measure of Traits Relevant to Personality and
Personality Pathology......Page 459
Dimensional Assessment......Page 461
The SNAP......Page 462
Other SNAP Scales......Page 469
Potential Research Applications......Page 470
Clinical Case Example......Page 472
Summary and Conclusions......Page 475
Acknowledgments......Page 476
An Overview of the PAI......Page 479
Theoretical Basis and Test Development......Page 480
Normative Data......Page 482
Reliability......Page 483
Validity......Page 484
Summary......Page 495
19 Rorschach Assessment of Normal and Abnormal Personality......Page 501
Symptoms, Diagnoses, and the Rorschach......Page 503
Implicit and Explicit Measures of Personality......Page 504
Dimensions of Personality Functioning Assessed by the Rorschach......Page 508
Reliability......Page 513
Validity......Page 515
Racial and Ethnic Differences......Page 520
Directions for Future Research......Page 523
Name Index......Page 529
Subject Index......Page 545