Developmental psychology

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Brief contents......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Authors and contributors......Page 16
Acknowledgements......Page 19
Section I Introduction to developmental psychology......Page 22
  Learning outcomes......Page 23
  Introduction......Page 24
  The debates of developmental psychology......Page 25
  Recommended websites......Page 32
  Learning outcomes......Page 33
  Introduction......Page 34
  Theoretical perspectives......Page 35
  Psychoanalytic perspective on development......Page 38
  Biological perspectives on development......Page 45
  Learning perspectives on development......Page 52
  Cognitive perspective on development......Page 56
  Integrative perspectives in developmental psychology......Page 62
  Summary......Page 64
  Recommended reading......Page 65
  Recommended websites......Page 66
  Learning outcomes......Page 67
  Introduction......Page 68
  The importance of understanding theoretical paradigms......Page 69
  Methods in developmental psychology research......Page 71
  Working with children......Page 81
  Summary......Page 88
  Recommended reading......Page 89
  Recommended websites......Page 90
Section II Cognitive and linguistic development......Page 92
  Learning outcomes......Page 93
  Introduction......Page 94
  How to grow a baby: the roles of nature and nurture in early development......Page 95
  Prenatal development of the brain......Page 98
  Prenatal states: foetal sleep and waking cycles......Page 102
  Prenatal abilities and behaviours......Page 103
  Risks to prenatal development: environmental teratogens and genetic errors......Page 104
  Birth......Page 106
  The neonate: basic states, movements and reflexes......Page 108
  The postnatal development of the brain......Page 109
  Infant vision......Page 112
  Infant audition......Page 116
  Infant touch, taste and smell abilities......Page 117
  Motor abilities in infancy......Page 119
  Cognitive abilities in infancy: general models and approaches......Page 120
  Infant attention......Page 122
  Infant learning and memory......Page 123
  Basic knowledge and understanding in infancy......Page 125
  Categorisation in infancy......Page 126
  Reasoning and problem solving in infancy......Page 129
  Summary......Page 131
  Recommended reading......Page 132
  Recommended websites......Page 133
  Learning outcomes......Page 135
  Introduction......Page 136
  What communication is there before verbal communication?......Page 137
  The four components of language......Page 140
  How do infants’ early social interactions prepare them for later language?......Page 142
  Theories of development......Page 143
  Phonological development......Page 149
  Semantic development......Page 152
  Syntactic development......Page 157
  The development of pragmatics......Page 159
  Summary......Page 162
  Recommended reading......Page 163
  Recommended websites......Page 164
  Learning outcomes......Page 165
  Introduction......Page 166
  What is memory?......Page 167
  Memory in children......Page 169
  Intelligence in children......Page 185
  Summary......Page 192
  Recommended reading......Page 193
  Recommended websites......Page 194
  Learning outcomes......Page 195
  Introduction......Page 196
  What is mathematical thinking?......Page 198
  Understanding number......Page 200
  The number system as a tool for thinking......Page 207
  Reasoning and solving problems with numbers......Page 214
  The step into rational numbers......Page 227
  Summary......Page 236
  Answers to problems......Page 237
  Review questions......Page 238
  Recommended reading......Page 239
  Recommended websites......Page 240
  Learning outcomes......Page 241
  Introduction......Page 242
  What is theory of mind?......Page 243
  How does theory of mind fit into a developmental perspective?......Page 251
  Theories explaining theory of mind......Page 256
  Theory of mind and children with autism......Page 260
  Review questions......Page 263
  Recommended websites......Page 264
Section III Social and emotional development......Page 266
  Learning outcomes......Page 267
  What is attachment?......Page 269
  Measuring attachment......Page 278
  Attachment and childcare......Page 284
  Attachment beyond infancy......Page 291
  Review questions......Page 296
  Recommended websites......Page 297
  Learning outcomes......Page 299
  Introduction......Page 300
  What is temperament?......Page 301
  Studying and measuring temperament......Page 303
  Explanations for differences in temperament......Page 318
  Temperament in the long term......Page 325
  Summary......Page 331
  Recommended reading......Page 332
  Recommended websites......Page 333
  Learning outcomes......Page 335
  Introduction......Page 336
  Theories in the development of the self-concept......Page 337
  Understanding of gender categories: children’s gender identity......Page 343
  Summary......Page 363
  Recommended websites......Page 364
  Learning outcomes......Page 367
  The peer group and peer interactions......Page 369
  Play......Page 372
  Children’s friendships......Page 387
  Summary......Page 396
  Review questions......Page 397
  Recommended websites......Page 398
  Learning outcomes......Page 399
  Introduction......Page 400
  A brief history of adolescence......Page 401
  Physical changes during adolescence......Page 402
  Cognitive development and changes in the teenage years......Page 406
  Social development in the teenage years......Page 415
  Mental health in adolescence......Page 420
  Sex and relationship behaviour in adolescence......Page 422
  Answers to puzzles......Page 424
  Recommended reading......Page 425
  Recommended websites......Page 426
Section IV Clinical/applied aspects......Page 428
  Learning outcomes......Page 429
  Understanding development within social contexts......Page 431
  The application of developmental theory in classrooms......Page 433
  Five themes of ‘developmentally appropriate provision’......Page 441
  Summary......Page 459
  Review questions......Page 460
  Recommended websites......Page 461
  Learning outcomes......Page 463
  What is bullying?......Page 465
  Involvement in bullying......Page 468
  Theoretical perspectives on bullying......Page 483
  Tackling bullying: methods of intervention and prevention......Page 490
  Summary......Page 497
  Review questions......Page 498
  Recommended websites......Page 499
  Learning outcomes......Page 501
  Introduction......Page 502
  What is atypical development?......Page 503
  Assessment......Page 508
  Disorders of development......Page 517
  Therapy and intervention......Page 531
  Summary......Page 537
  Recommended reading......Page 538
  Recommended websites......Page 539
  Learning outcomes......Page 541
  Introduction......Page 542
  Introduction to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder......Page 543
  ADHD across the lifespan......Page 545
  Co-morbidity and associated impairments in ADHD......Page 549
  What causes ADHD?......Page 551
  Treatment for ADHD......Page 556
  Future directions in ADHD research......Page 560
  Summary......Page 562
  Recommended websites......Page 563
Glossary......Page 564
Bibliography......Page 574
Index......Page 632