Development Policy: An Introduction to Objectives and Results

Contents
1: Introduction
	1.1	 Preliminary Remarks
	1.2	 Developing Countries and their Subgroups
	1.3	 What Does Development Mean?
	1.4	 The Sustainable Development Goals
	1.5	 Determination of Development Progress
	Literature
2: Development and Growth Theories
	2.1	 What Promotes Development?
	2.2	 Foreign Trade, Direct Investment, Capital Movements and the Role of the State in Development
	Literature
3: The Aftermath of Colonial Rule
	3.1	 A Heated Debate
	3.2	 What Can Be Proven?
	Literature
4: The Developing Countries Today
	4.1	 Shift in Global Economic Focus?
	4.2	 Economic Dynamics by Sector
	4.3	 Is the Euphoria about the Development Successes Achieved So Far Exaggerated?
	Literature
5: Poverty
	5.1	 Absolute Poverty Worldwide
	5.2	 Development of Poverty Indicators
	5.3	 Obstacles to Accelerating Poverty Reduction
	5.4	 How Can Poverty Reduction Be Achieved?
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6: Inequality of Income and Wealth
	6.1	 Inequality and Development
	6.2	 Measuring Inequality
	6.3	 The Development of Inequality Worldwide and within Countries
	6.4	 Measures to Improve Distribution
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7: Education
	7.1	 The Return on Education
	7.2	 Education Expenditure and its Distribution
	7.3	 The Quality of Education
	7.4	 Causes of Low Quality Education and Ways of Remedying It
	Literature
8: Health
	8.1	 Health and Development
	8.2	 Disease Profile in Developing Countries
	8.3	 Deficits in the Health Care Systems of Developing Countries
	8.4	 Insurance against the Risk of Illness
	8.5	 Health and Nutrition
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9: Social Security
	9.1	 What Does Social Security Mean?
	9.2	 Typology of Social Security
	9.3	 Causes of Socio-Political Activity
	9.4	 The Empiricism of Social Policy Performance in the Global South
	9.5	 Special Case of Social Security
	9.6	 An Unconditional Basic Income in Developing Countries?
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10: Employment
	10.1	 Employment as a Development Goal
	10.2	 The Employment Situation in Developing Countries
	10.3	 Why Is Productive Employment Rising So Slowly in Many Developing Countries?
	10.4	 Employment Protection and Policy
	Literature
11: Population
	11.1	 Different Positions on the Development Effects of Population Growth
	11.2	 Causes of the Growing Population Once and Now
	11.3	 Social Causes of Rising/Falling Birth Rates
	11.4	 Population Growth Globally and Regionally
	11.5	 What to Do?
	Literature
12: Women and Development
	12.1	 The Developmental Significance of Gender Equality
	12.2	 Development and Equality
	12.3	 Where Does Discrimination Mainly Take Place?
	12.4	 What Can Change?
	Literature
13: Democracy and Development
	13.1	 Does Development Need Democracy?
	13.2	 Triumph of Democracy in the Global South?
	13.3	 Development and Democratization
	13.4	 Higher Performance of Democratic Systems?
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14: Institutions, Governance and Development
	14.1	 The Steep Career of Institutional Approaches
	14.2	 What is Meant by Institutions/Good Governance?
	14.3	 The Relationship between Institutional Quality and Development
	14.4	 On the Empiricism of Institutional Quality
	14.5	 Underlying Causes of Poor Institutional Quality
	14.6	 The Knowledge Gain of the Institutional Approach
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15: Corruption
	15.1	 Corruption as a Brake on Development
	15.2	 Measurement and Consequences of Corruption
	15.3	 Causes of Corruption and Approaches to Combating it
	Literature
16: Wars and Development
	16.1	 The Global War Effort
	16.2	 Causes of War
	16.3	 Conflict Prevention and Containment
	Literature
17: Defective Statehood
	17.1	 The Problem of Fragile/Defective Statehood
	17.2	 What Characterizes Fragile States?
	Literature
18: Migration
	18.1	 Migration and Flight
	18.2	 Extent of Flight and Migration Globally
	18.3	 Causes of Flight and Migration
	18.4	 Consequences of Migration for Countries of Origin
	18.5	 Future of Migration
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19: Climate and Development
	19.1	 The Global Climate Problem
	19.2	 International Climate Policy
	19.3	 Difficulties of Climate-Friendly Collective Action
	19.4	 Justifications for Climate Policy Passivity
	19.5	 An Energy Transition in the Global South?
	19.6	 Causes of the Partial Change of Course
	Literature
20: Development Cooperation
	20.1	 The Concept of Development Cooperation
	20.2	 Forms, Conditions and Vehicles of Development Cooperation
	20.3	 Volume and Distribution of DC
	20.4	 Motives and Objectives of DC
	20.5	 Problems and Deficits of Development Cooperation
		20.5.1	 Lack of Predictability of Grants
		20.5.2	 Absorption Problems of DC
		20.5.3	 Fragmentation on the Donor Side
		20.5.4	 The Effectiveness of DC
	20.6	 International Reform Efforts
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