Design of Wood Structures-ASD

Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 11
Nomenclature......Page 15
1.1 Introduction......Page 29
1.2 Types of Buildings......Page 30
1.3 Required and Recommended References......Page 31
1.4 Building Codes and Design Criteria......Page 35
1.5 Future Trends in Design Standards......Page 36
1.7 Structural Calculations......Page 37
1.9 Fire-Resistive Requirements......Page 40
1.11 References......Page 41
2.1 Introduction......Page 43
2.3 Dead Loads......Page 44
2.4 Live Load......Page 48
2.5 Snow Load......Page 55
2.7 Deflection Criteria......Page 61
2.8 Lateral Forces......Page 66
2.9 Wind Forces—Introduction......Page 69
2.10 Wind Forces—Primary Systems......Page 72
2.11 Wind Forces—Components and Cladding......Page 81
2.12 Seismic Forces—Introduction......Page 85
2.13 Seismic Forces......Page 91
2.14 Seismic Forces—Primary System......Page 106
2.15 Seismic Forces—Wall Components......Page 113
2.16 Load and Force Combinations......Page 118
2.18 Problems......Page 120
3.2 Structures Subject to Vertical Loads......Page 129
3.3 Structures Subject to Lateral Forces......Page 133
3.4 Lateral Forces in Buildings with Diaphragms and Shearwalls......Page 139
3.5 Design Problem: Lateral Forces on One-Story Building......Page 146
3.6 Design Problem: Lateral Forces on Two-Story Building......Page 161
3.8 Problems......Page 181
4.1 Introduction......Page 191
4.2 Design Specification......Page 192
4.3 Methods of Grading Structural Lumber......Page 195
4.4 In-Grade Versus Clear-Wood Design Values......Page 197
4.5 Species and Species Groups......Page 199
4.6 Cellular Makeup......Page 200
4.7 Moisture Content and Shrinkage......Page 203
4.8 Effect of Moisture Content on Lumber Sizes......Page 211
4.9 Durability of Wood and the Need for Pressure Treatment......Page 212
4.10 Growth Characteristics of Wood......Page 215
4.11 Sizes of Structural Lumber......Page 216
4.12 Size Categories and Stress Grades......Page 221
4.13 Notation for ASD......Page 224
4.15 Load Duration Factor C[sub(D)]......Page 228
4.16 Size Factor C[sub(F)]......Page 233
4.17 Repetitive Member Factor C[sub(r)]......Page 234
4.19 Temperature Factor C[sub(t)]......Page 235
4.21 Form Factor C[sub(f)]......Page 236
4.22 Design Problem: Allowable Stresses......Page 237
4.23 Future Directions in Wood Design......Page 242
4.24 References......Page 244
4.25 Problems......Page 246
5.2 Sizes of Glulam Members......Page 251
5.3 Resawn Glulam......Page 254
5.4 Fabrication of Glulams......Page 255
5.5 Grades of Glulam Members......Page 261
5.6 Stress Adjustments for Glulam......Page 266
5.7 Design Problem: Allowable Stresses......Page 269
5.9 Problems......Page 271
6.1 Introduction......Page 275
6.2 Bending......Page 276
6.3 Lateral Stability......Page 288
6.4 Allowable Bending Stress Summary......Page 297
6.5 Shear......Page 302
6.6 Deflection......Page 309
6.7 Design Summary......Page 311
6.8 Bearing Stresses......Page 313
6.9 Design Problem: Sawn Beam......Page 319
6.10 Design Problem: Rough-Sawn Beam......Page 323
6.11 Design Problem: Notched Beam......Page 326
6.12 Design Problem: Sawn-Beam Analysis......Page 327
6.13 Design Problem: Glulam Beam with Full Lateral Support......Page 330
6.14 Design Problem: Glulam Beam with Lateral Support at 8 ft-0 in.......Page 334
6.15 Design Problem: Glulam Beam with Lateral Support at 48 ft-0 in.......Page 337
6.16 Design Problem: Glulam with Compression Zone Stressed in Tension......Page 339
6.17 Cantilever Beam Systems......Page 343
6.18 Design Problem: Cantilever Beam System......Page 347
6.19 Lumber Roof and Floor Decking......Page 359
6.20 Fabricated Wood Components......Page 361
6.21 References......Page 370
6.22 Problems......Page 371
7.1 Introduction......Page 383
7.2 Axial Tension Members......Page 384
7.3 Design Problem: Tension Member......Page 389
7.4 Columns......Page 391
7.5 Detailed Analysis of Slenderness Ratio......Page 399
7.6 Design Problem: Axially Loaded Column......Page 405
7.7 Design Problem: Capacity of a Glulam Column......Page 408
7.8 Design Problem: Capacity of a Bearing Wall......Page 411
7.9 Built-up Columns......Page 414
7.10 Combined Bending and Tension......Page 417
7.11 Design Problem: Combines Bending and Tension......Page 422
7.12 Combined Bending and Compression......Page 427
7.13 Design Problem: Beam-Column......Page 434
7.14 Design Problem: Beam-Column Action in a Stud Wall......Page 439
7.15 Design Problem: Glulam Beam-Column......Page 446
7.16 Design for Minimum Eccentricity......Page 454
7.17 Design Problem: Column with Eccentric Load......Page 455
7.18 References......Page 461
7.19 Problems......Page 462
8.1 Introduction......Page 471
8.2 Panel Dimensions and Installation Recommendations......Page 473
8.3 Plywood Makeup......Page 475
8.4 Species Groups for Plywood......Page 478
8.5 Veneer Grades......Page 481
8.6 Exposure Durability Classifications......Page 483
8.7 Plywood Grades......Page 484
8.8 Other Wood Structural Panels......Page 487
8.9 Roof Sheathing......Page 490
8.10 Design Problem: Roof Sheathing......Page 493
8.11 Floor Sheathing......Page 495
8.12 Design Problem: Floor Sheathing......Page 499
8.13 Wall Sheathing and Siding......Page 501
8.14 Stress Calculations for Wood Structural Panels......Page 504
8.15 References......Page 513
8.16 Problems......Page 514
9.1 Introduction......Page 517
9.2 Basic Horizontal Diaphragm Action......Page 518
9.3 Shear Resistance......Page 523
9.4 Diaphragm Chords......Page 531
9.5 Design Problem: Horizontal Roof Diaphragm......Page 536
9.6 Distribution of Lateral Forces in a Shearwall......Page 543
9.7 Collector (Strut) Forces......Page 547
9.8 Diaphragm Deflections......Page 552
9.9 Diaphragms with Interior Shearwalls......Page 557
9.10 Interior Shearwalls with Collector (Struts)......Page 562
9.11 Diaphragm Flexibility......Page 566
9.13 Problems......Page 570
10.2 Basic Shearwall Action......Page 577
10.3 Shearwalls Using Wood Structural Panels......Page 579
10.4 Other Sheathing Materials......Page 585
10.5 Bracing in Wood-Frame Walls......Page 587
10.6 Shearwall Chord Members......Page 589
10.7 Design Problem: Shearwall......Page 591
10.8 Perforated Shearwall Design Method......Page 600
10.9 Anchorage Considerations......Page 604
10.10 Vertical (Gravity) Loads......Page 605
10.11 Lateral Forces Parallel to a Wall......Page 606
10.12 Shearwall Deflections......Page 610
10.13 Lateral Forces Perpendicular to a Wall......Page 617
10.14 References......Page 619
10.15 Problems......Page 621
11.2 Types of Fasteners and Connections......Page 629
11.3 Yield Model for Laterally Loaded Fasteners......Page 635
11.4 Factors Affecting Strength in Yield Model......Page 638
11.5 Dowel Bearing Strength......Page 641
11.6 Plastic Hinge in Fastener......Page 645
11.7 Yield Limit Mechanisms......Page 650
11.9 Problems......Page 655
12.1 Introduction......Page 657
12.2 Types of Nails......Page 658
12.3 Power-Driven Nails and Staples......Page 661
12.4 Yield Limit Equations for Nails......Page 663
12.5 Applications of Yield Limit Equations......Page 669
12.6 Adjustment Factors for Laterally Loaded Nails......Page 678
12.7 Design Problem: Nail Connection for Knee Brace......Page 685
12.8 Design Problem: Top Plate Splice......Page 689
12.9 Design Problem: Shearwall Chord Tie......Page 695
12.10 Design Problem: Laterally Loaded Toenail......Page 698
12.11 Design Problem: Laterally Loaded Connection in End Grain......Page 702
12.12 Nail Withdrawal Connections......Page 703
12.13 Combined Lateral and Withdrawal Loads......Page 708
12.14 Spacing Requirements......Page 709
12.15 Nailing Schedule......Page 713
12.17 Problems......Page 714
13.1 Introduction......Page 723
13.2 Bolt Connections......Page 724
13.3 Bolt Yield Limit Equations for Single Shear......Page 727
13.4 Bolt Yield Limit Equations for Double Shear......Page 736
13.5 Adjustment Factors for Bolts......Page 740
13.6 Tension and Shear Stresses at a Multiple Fastener Connection......Page 752
13.7 Design Problem: Multiple-Bolted Tension Connection......Page 756
13.8 Design Problem: Bolted Chord Splice for Diaphragm......Page 760
13.9 Shear Stresses in a Beam at a Connection......Page 766
13.10 Design Problem: Bolt Connection for Diagonal Brace......Page 768
13.11 Lag Bolt Connections......Page 772
13.12 Yield Limit Equations for Lag Bolts......Page 776
13.13 Adjustment Factors for Lag Bolts in Shear Connections......Page 780
13.14 Design Problem: Collector (Strut) Splice with Lag Bolts......Page 784
13.15 Lag Bolts in Withdrawal......Page 788
13.16 Combined Lateral and Withdrawal Loads......Page 791
13.17 Split Ring and Shear Plate Connectors......Page 792
13.19 Problems......Page 798
14.2 Connection Details......Page 809
14.3 Design Problem: Beam-to-Column Connection......Page 827
14.4 Cantilever Beam Hinge Connection......Page 834
14.5 Prefabricated Connection Hardware......Page 835
14.6 References......Page 839
14.7 Problems......Page 840
15.2 Anchorage Summary......Page 843
15.3 Connection Details—Horizontal Diaphragm to Wood-Frame Wall......Page 848
15.4 Connection Details—Horizontal Diaphragm to Concrete or Masonry Walls......Page 857
15.5 Subdiaphragm Anchorage of Concrete and Masonry Walls......Page 873
15.6 Design Problem: Subdiaphragm......Page 880
15.8 Problems......Page 889
16.2 Seismic Forces—Regular Structures......Page 891
16.3 Seismic Forces—Irregular Structures......Page 895
16.4 Overturning—Background......Page 906
16.5 Overturning—Review......Page 907
16.6 Overturning—Wind......Page 913
16.7 Overturning—Seismic......Page 917
16.8 Lateral Analysis of Nonrectangular Buildings......Page 923
16.9 Rigid Diaphragm Analysis......Page 929
16.11 References......Page 941
16.12 Problems......Page 942
Appendix A. Equivalent Uniform Weights of Wood Framing......Page 945
Appendix B. Weights of Building Materials......Page 947
Appendix C. Selected Tables from the International Building Code, 2003 Edition......Page 951
Appendix D. Selected Tables from Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7-02)......Page 1007
Appendix E. SI Metric Units......Page 1017
B......Page 1021
C......Page 1023
D......Page 1024
G......Page 1025
L......Page 1026
M......Page 1028
O......Page 1029
R......Page 1030
S......Page 1031
T......Page 1032
W......Page 1033
Z......Page 1034