Design and analysis of composite structures : with applications to aerospace structures

 Content: About the Author xi Series Preface xiii  Preface to First Edition xv  Preface to Second Edition xix   1 Applications of Advanced Composites in Aircraft Structures 1   References 7   2 Cost of Composites: a Qualitative Discussion 9   2.1 Recurring Cost 10  2.2 Nonrecurring Cost 18  2.3 Technology Selection 20  2.4 Summary and Conclusions 27  Exercises 30  References 31   3 Review of Classical Laminated Plate Theory 33   3.1 Composite Materials: Definitions, Symbols and Terminology 33  3.2 Constitutive Equations in Three Dimensions 35  3.2.1 Tensor Transformations 38  3.3 Constitutive Equations in Two Dimensions: Plane Stress 40  Exercises 52  References 53   4 Review of Laminate Strength and Failure Criteria 55   4.1 Maximum Stress Failure Theory 57  4.2 Maximum Strain Failure Theory 58  4.3 Tsai--Hill Failure Theory 58  4.4 Tsai--Wu Failure Theory 59  4.5 Puck Failure Theory 59  4.6 Other Failure Theories 61  References 62   5 Composite Structural Components and Mathematical Formulation 65   5.1 Overview of Composite Airframe 65  5.1.1 The Structural Design Process: The Analyst's Perspective 66  5.1.2 Basic Design Concept and Process/Material Considerations for Aircraft Parts 71  5.1.3 Sources of Uncertainty: Applied Loads, Usage and Material Scatter 74  5.1.3.1 Knowledge of Applied Loads 75  5.1.3.2 Variability in Usage 75  5.1.3.3 Material Scatter 75  5.1.4 Environmental Effects 77  5.1.5 Effect of Damage 78  5.1.6 Design Values and Allowables 80  5.1.7 Additional Considerations of the Design Process 83  5.2 Governing Equations 84  5.2.1 Equilibrium Equations 84  5.2.2 Stress--Strain Equations 86  5.2.3 Strain--Displacement Equations 87  5.2.4 von Karman Anisotropic Plate Equations for Large Deflections 88  5.3 Reductions of Governing Equations: Applications to Specific Problems 94  5.3.1 Composite Plate under Localized In-Plane Load 94  5.3.2 Composite Plate under Out-of-Plane Point Load 105  5.4 Energy Methods 108  5.4.1 Energy Expressions for Composite Plates 109  5.4.1.1 Internal Strain Energy U 110  5.4.1.2 External Work W 113  Exercises 115  References 122   6 Buckling of Composite Plates 125   6.1 Buckling of Rectangular Composite Plate under Biaxial Loading 125  6.2 Buckling of Rectangular Composite Plate under Uniaxial Compression 129  6.2.1 Uniaxial Compression, Three Sides Simply Supported, One Side Free 131  6.3 Buckling of Rectangular Composite Plate under Shear 133  6.4 Buckling of Long Rectangular Composite Plates under Shear 136  6.5 Buckling of Rectangular Composite Plates under Combined Loads 138  6.6 Design Equations for Different Boundary Conditions and Load Combinations 145  Exercises 145  References 152   7 Post-Buckling 153   7.1 Post-Buckling Analysis of Composite Panels under Compression 157  7.1.1 Application: Post-Buckled Panel under Compression 165  7.2 Post-Buckling Analysis of Composite Plates under Shear 168  7.2.1 Post-Buckling of Stiffened Composite Panels under Shear 172  7.2.1.1 Application: Post-Buckled Stiffened Fuselage Skin under Shear 177  7.2.2 Post-Buckling of Stiffened Composite Panels under Combined Uniaxial and Shear Loading 180  Exercises 181  References 187   8 Design and Analysis of Composite Beams 189   8.1 Cross-Section Definition Based on Design Guidelines 189  8.2 Cross-Sectional Properties 193  8.3 Column Buckling 199  8.4 Beam on an Elastic Foundation under Compression 200  8.5 Crippling 205  8.5.1 One-Edge-Free (OEF) Crippling 207  8.5.2 No-Edge-Free (NEF) Crippling 211  8.5.3 Crippling under Bending Loads 214  8.5.3.1 Application: Stiffener Design under Bending Loads 215  8.5.4 Crippling of Closed-Section Beams 219  8.6 Importance of Radius Regions at Flange Intersections 219  8.7 Inter-Rivet Buckling of Stiffener Flanges 222  8.8 Application: Analysis of Stiffeners in a Stiffened Panel under Compression 227  Exercises 230  References 235   9 Skin--Stiffened Structure 237   9.1 Smearing of Stiffness Properties (Equivalent Stiffness) 237  9.1.1 Equivalent Membrane Stiffnesses 237  9.1.2 Equivalent Bending Stiffnesses 239  9.2 Failure Modes of a Stiffened Panel 241  9.2.1 Local Buckling (between Stiffeners) versus Overall Panel Buckling (the Panel Breaker Condition) 242  9.2.1.1 Global Buckling = Local Buckling (Compression Loading) 243  9.2.1.2 Stiffener Buckling = PB ?? Buckling of Skin between Stiffeners (Compression Loading) 246  9.2.1.3 Example 249  9.2.2 Skin--Stiffener Separation 250  9.3 Additional Considerations for Stiffened Panels 265  9.3.1 'Pinching' of Skin 265  9.3.2 Co-curing versus Bonding versus Fastening 266  Exercises 267  References 272   10 Sandwich Structure 275   10.1 Sandwich Bending Stiffnesses 276  10.2 Buckling of Sandwich Structure 278  10.2.1 Buckling of Sandwich under Compression 278  10.2.2 Buckling of Sandwich under Shear 280  10.2.3 Buckling of Sandwich under Combined Loading 281  10.3 Sandwich Wrinkling 281  10.3.1 Sandwich Wrinkling under Compression 282  10.3.2 Sandwich Wrinkling under Shear 293  10.3.3 Sandwich Wrinkling under Combined Loads 293  10.4 Sandwich Crimping 295  10.4.1 Sandwich Crimping under Compression 295  10.4.2 Sandwich Crimping under Shear 295  10.5 Sandwich Intracellular Buckling (Dimpling) under Compression 296  10.6 Attaching Sandwich Structures 296  10.6.1 Core Ramp-Down Regions 297  10.6.2 Alternatives to Core Ramp-Down 299  Exercises 301  References 306   11 Composite Fittings 309   11.1 Challenges in Creating Cost- and Weight-Efficient Composite Fittings 309  11.2 Basic Fittings 311  11.2.1 Clips 311  11.2.1.1 Tension Clips 311  11.2.1.2 Shear Clips 322  11.2.2 Lugs 328  11.2.2.1 Lug under Axial Loads 328  11.2.2.2 Lug under Transverse Loads 333  11.2.2.3 Lug under Oblique (Combined) Loads 337  11.3 Other Fittings 339  11.3.1 Bathtub Fittings 339  11.3.2 Root Fittings 340  Exercises 340  References 341   12 Good Design Practices and Design 'Rules of Thumb' 343   12.1 Layup/Stacking Sequence-related 343  12.2 Loading and Performance-related 344  12.3 Guidelines Related to Environmental Sensitivity and Manufacturing Constraints 345  12.4 Configuration and Layout-related 347  Exercises 348  References 349   13 Application -- Design of a Composite Panel 351   13.1 Monolithic Laminate 351  13.2 Stiffened Panel Design 362  13.3 Sandwich Design 373  13.4 Cost Considerations 381  13.5 Comparison and Discussion 382  References 385  Index 387
 Abstract:             
              New edition updated with additional exercises and two new chapters. Design and Analysis of Composite Structures: With Applications to Aerospace Structures, 2nd Edition   builds on the first edition and includes two new chapters on composite fittings and the design of a composite panel, as well additional exercises.                 Read more...