Dermatoscopy and Skin Cancer: A handbook for hunters of skin cancer and melanoma

Preface
Foreword
Abbreviations
Chapter 1
	Introduction to dermatoscopy
		1.1 Why use a dermatoscope?
			1.1.1 The economic impact of dermatoscopy
		1.2 What is a dermatoscope?
		1.3 Colours in dermatoscopy
		1.4 Differences between polarised and non-polarised dermatoscopy
		1.5 Uses of dermatoscopy for conditions other than tumours
			1.5.1 Dermatoscopy of perilesional skin
			1.5.2 Dermatoscopy of inflammatory conditions and dermatoses
			1.5.3 Dermatoscopy of hair
			1.5.4 Dermatoscopy of skin infestations and infections
			1.5.5 Dermatoscopy of nails
		References
Chapter 2
	Skin – the organ
		2.1 Skin as an organ
		2.2 Embryology of skin
		2.3 The microanatomy of skin
			2.3.1 Epidermis
			2.3.2 Melanin production
			2.3.3 Skin phototypes
			2.3.4 Melanocytic vs melanotic
			2.3.5 Why does melanin appear as different colours at different depths in the skin?
			2.3.6 Epidermal appendages
			2.3.7 The basement membrane
			2.3.8 The dermis
			2.3.9 Skin blood supply
			2.3.10 Skin lymphatics
			2.3.11 Skin innervation
			2.3.12 Anatomy of volar skin
			2.3.13 Anatomy of the nail apparatus
			2.3.14 Anatomy of the eye in relation to melanocytic neoplasia
		References
Chapter 3
	Dermatopathology for dermatoscopists
		3.1 From the scalpel to the microscope
			3.1.1 Specimen processing workflow
		3.2 The histology of normal skin
		3.3 Terminology used in dermatopathology
		3.4 Dermatoscopic histological correlation of neoplastic lesions
			3.4.1 The assessment of lesions
			3.4.2 Histology of melanoma
			3.4.3 Histology of basal cell carcinoma
			3.4.4 Histology of common benign keratinocytic lesions
			3.4.5 Histology of squamous cell carcinoma
		References
Chapter 4
	The language of dermatoscopy: naming and defining structures and patterns
		4.1 The evolution of metaphoric terminology for dermatoscopic structures and patterns
			4.1.1 Structures in revised pattern analysis
		4.2 Revised pattern analysis of lesions pigmented by melanin
			4.2.1 Basic structures
			4.2.2 Lines
			4.2.3 Pseudopods
			4.2.4 Circles
			4.2.5 Clods
			4.2.6 Dots
			4.2.7 Structureless
		4.3 Patterns in revised pattern analysis
			4.3.1 Why the 2-step method of dermatoscopy is not used in revised pattern analysis
		4.4 The process of revised pattern analysis
		4.5 Revised pattern analysis applied to lesions with white structures
			4.5.1 White lines
			4.5.2 White clods and dots
			4.5.3 White structureless areas in flat lesions
			4.5.4 White circles in flat lesions
			4.5.5 White keratin clues in raised lesions
		4.6 Revised pattern analysis applied to lesions with orange, yellow and skin-coloured structures
		4.7 Revised pattern analysis applied to vessel structures and patterns
			4.7.1 Vessel structures
			4.7.2 Vessel patterns
			4.7.3 The anatomical correlation of vessel structures and patterns
		4.8 The cognition of dermatoscopy
		References
Chapter 5
	The skin examination
		5.1 The skin check consultation
			5.1.1 Who needs a full skin examination?
			5.1.2 History taking
			5.1.3 The skin examination
			5.1.4 Clinical examination
			5.1.5 Dermatoscopic examination
			5.1.6 A methodical approach to complete skin examination
		5.2 Photo-documentation
			5.2.1 Workflow for photo-documentation
		5.3 Patient safety: tracking specimens and self-audit
		5.4 The lives of lesions
		References
Chapter 6
	‘Chaos and Clues’: a decision algorithm for pigmented skin lesions
		6.1 ‘Chaos and Clues’
		6.2 Chaos
		6.3 Clues
			6.3.1 Grey or blue structures (including grey or blue structureless)
			6.3.2 An eccentric structureless area
			6.3.3 Thick lines reticular
			6.3.4 Black dots and clods, peripheral
			6.3.5 Lines radial or pseudopods, segmental
			6.3.6 White lines
			6.3.7 Lines parallel on the ridges (volar) or lines parallel chaotic on the nails
			6.3.8 Polymorphous vessels
			6.3.9 Angulated lines
		6.4 Exceptions
			6.4.1 Any changing lesion on an adult
			6.4.2 A nodular or small lesion which has any of the clues to malignancy
			6.4.3 Any lesion on the head or neck with pigmented circles and/or any dermatoscopic grey
			6.4.4 Any lesion on volar skin (palms or soles) with a parallel ridge pattern
		6.5 Excluding unequivocal seborrhoeic keratoses from biopsy
		References
Chapter 7
	‘Prediction without Pigment’: a decision algorithm for non-pigmented skin lesions
		7.1 ‘Prediction without Pigment’
			7.1.1 Prioritisation of clues in ‘Prediction without Pigment’
		7.2 ‘Prediction without Pigment’: short version
			7.2.1 Step 1: is there ulceration?
			7.2.2 Step 2: are there ‘white clues’?
			7.2.3 Step 3: is the vessel pattern consistent with malignancy?
		7.3 Conclusion
		References
Chapter 8
	Pattern analysis
		8.1 Revised pattern analysis – a diagnostic algorithm
		8.2 An aide-memoire for revised pattern analysis of pigmented skin lesions
		8.3 Applying the aide-memoire in practice
			8.3.1 A pattern or primary pattern of lines
			8.3.2 A pattern or primary pattern of pseudopods
			8.3.3 A pattern or primary pattern of circles
			8.3.4 A pattern or primary pattern of clods
			8.3.5 A pattern or primary pattern of dots
			8.3.6 A structureless pattern
		References
Chapter 9
	Dermatoscopic features of common and significant lesions: pigmented and non‑pigmented
		9.1 Melanoma: pigmented and non-pigmented
			9.1.1 Pigmented melanoma
			9.1.2 Hypomelanotic and amelanotic melanoma
			9.1.3 Metastatic melanoma
			9.1.4 Melanomas on palmar and plantar skin
			9.1.5 Nail apparatus melanomas
		9.2 Melanocytic naevi: pigmented and non-pigmented
			9.2.1 Basic classification of naevi
			9.2.2 Pigmented acquired and congenital naevi
			9.2.3 Dysplastic naevus syndrome
			9.2.4 Seborrhoeic keratosis-like features in congenital naevi
			9.2.5 Non-pigmented naevi
			9.2.6  Blue naevus
			9.2.7 Halo naevus phenomenon
			9.2.8 Growing naevi
			9.2.9 Reed and Spitz naevi
			9.2.10 Naevi on volar skin
			9.2.11 Nail matrix naevi
		9.3 Basal cell carcinoma: pigmented and non-pigmented
			9.3.1 Non-pigment clues to basal cell carcinoma
			9.3.2 Pigment clues to basal cell carcinoma
			9.3.3 Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus
		9.4 Benign keratinocytic lesions
			9.4.1 Solar lentigo, ink spot lentigo, melanotic macule and idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
			9.4.2 Seborrhoeic keratosis: pigmented and non-pigmented
			9.4.3 Lichen planus-like keratosis
			9.4.4 Porokeratosis
			9.4.5 Stucco keratosis
			9.4.6 Viral wart
			9.4.7 Clear cell acanthoma
		9.5 Actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma in situ and squamous cell carcinoma
			9.5.1 Actinic keratosis
			9.5.2 Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
			9.5.3 Distinguishing flat pigmented facial lesions: solar lentigo, pAK/SCC in situ and LM
			9.5.4 Squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma
		9.6 Dermatofibroma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
		9.7 Haemangioma and other vascular lesions
		9.8 Merkel cell carcinoma
		9.9 Atypical fibroxanthoma
		9.10 Adnexal tumours
			9.10.1 Sebaceous gland hyperplasia
			9.10.2 Trichoepithelioma
			9.10.3 Trichilemmoma
			9.10.4 Cysts – trichilemmal (pilar) cyst/wen and epidermal cyst
			9.10.5 Pilomatrixoma
			9.10.6 Eccrine poroma
			9.10.7 Sebaceous adenoma and carcinoma
		9.11 Neurofibroma
		9.12 Molluscum contagiosum
		9.13 Cutaneous lymphoma
		9.14 Kaposi sarcoma
		References
Index