Democracy Disconnected: Participation and Governance in a City of the South

Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of contents
Illustrations
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Introduction: The paradox: more participation but an enduring democratic deficit
	The mainstream model of urban democratic rule
	The realities confronting urban democratic rule in the Global South
		Politics and the exclusion of the urban poor
		The constriction and capture of democratic spaces by elites
		The limited power of City Hall over local governance and informal life
	Theorising a framework for analysing democratic rule in the urban South
		Lukes and domination
		Stone and social production
	How is local democratic rule experienced? Ask the residents of the city
	Reading Democracy Disconnected
	Note
	References
1 The Republic of Hout.Bay: A house divided
	The promise of a Republic
	The promise of democracy
	A republic divided by racialised settlements
		The.Valley
		Hangberg
		Imizamo.Yethu
	A republic divided by party politics
		DA/ANC dominance
		Party allegiance maps onto racialised place
		Hout Bay local elections reflect national trends
	Conclusion: a house divided
	Notes
	References
2 A river of grime: Governing water and waste
	Waste and water: cleaning up the ‘Republic’
		Participatory democracy and the cleaning of the river
	Mapping failure
		Participatory democracy through ‘invited spaces’
		Bureaucratic governance
			(a) Silos
			(b) Departmental mentalities
			(c) Restructuring
			d) Spheres
			e) Scale
	The Hout Bay Rivers Catchment Forum (HBRCF)
	Conclusion
	Note
	References
3 Selling the mountain: Property, housing, and neo-apartheid segregation
	The Valley: from white countryside to wealthy security estates
	Imizamo Yethu: developmental governance, informality, and the limits of state housing
	Hangberg: fractured by market, developmental, and informal governance
	Conclusion: the divergent meanings of housing in Hout Bay
	Notes
	References
4 Defending the shack: The politics of developmental governance
	The story of Hangberg
		The Battle of Hangberg
		The formation of the Peace and Mediation Forum
	The PMF and developmental governance
	Did the model of developmental co-governance work?
	The challenges confronting developmental co-governance in Hangberg
		Partisan contests of the PMF role
		Poor institutional design
		State dependency and patronage
	Conclusion: from participation to representation
	References
5 Poaching the bay: Turning fisherfolk into smugglers
	Fishing in Hout Bay
	Fisheries policy
	Democracy, parties, and poaching
	Market governance: from fishers to poachers
		Poaching and market governance
	Marginalisation and the rise of informality
		Marginalisation and autochthony
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
6 Upgrading Imizamo.Yethu: Contests of governance and belonging
	Facilities, race, and a suburban future
	Housing, the ANC, and factionalism
	Informality, livelihoods, and nationality
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
7 Taxis, violence, and leadership in Imizamo Yethu
	Taxis and the ‘battle of the green belt’ in Imizamo Yethu
	Formal taxis, the BRT, and economic exclusion
		Competition over routes
		The rise of the bus
	Informal taxis and ‘party-society’ in Imizamo Yethu
	Informal taxis, violence, and ‘slow activism’
	Conclusion
	References
8 Protesting Chapman’s Peak toll road: Market governance versus environmental politics
	Chapman’s Peak Drive: privatising risk
	The limits of public participation
		Co-opting representatives from Imizamo Yethu and Hangberg
		Ignoring public participation
		Courts and the environment
	Resisting closure, resisting the toll booth
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
9 Guarding the bay: Securing safety beyond the police
	Crime and violence in South Africa and Hout Bay
	Governing crime
		Bureaucratic governance: the South African Police Service
		Developmental governance: community policing
		Network governance: the Neighbourhood Watch
		Market governance: private security service providers
		Informal governance: from vigilantism to crime lords
			Imizamo Yethu
			Hangberg
			The Valley
	The consequences of contending forms of safety and security governance
		Spatial and racial consequences of intersecting forms of urban governance
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Conclusion: Democracy, governance, and neo-apartheid
	Assessing democratic rule in Hout Bay
		Politics and belonging
		Democracy and responsiveness
		Government and the limited power of City Hall
	Rethinking power and governance in the urban South
		Urban power as power ‘over’ residents and ‘power to’ construct the city
		Informality and the limits of formal control
		FUG and the production of the City
		Bureaucratic governance
		Market governance
		Developmental governance
		Network and informal forms of governance
	Implications of FUG
		Fragmenting citizenship: consumers, clients, and the marginalised
		Segregating place: the green, grey, and brown of neo-apartheid
		Local democracy disconnected
	References
Index