Decision Support Systems in Urban Planning

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Contributors......Page 7
Introduction......Page 13
PART ONE  Theory......Page 20
SPATIAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS......Page 21
GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND URBAN PLANNING......Page 23
SPATIAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR URBAN PLANNING......Page 25
URBAN LAND USE-TRANSPORT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM......Page 28
URBAN LAND USE MODELLING......Page 29
THE INTEGRATED TRANSPORTATION-URBAN LAND USE MODEL......Page 30
BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 33
DECISION SUPPORT: SUPPORT WHAT?......Page 35
MODELLING PROBLEMS RATHER THAN SOLUTIONS......Page 36
ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS AND DECISION-MAKING......Page 38
FORMALIZING FOR SUPPORT......Page 40
OUTLOOK......Page 41
REFERENCES......Page 42
INTRODUCTION......Page 43
MODELLING THE PLANNING PROCESS—PRAGMATIC ACTS......Page 44
PLANNING AS POWER-ACTING......Page 45
IMPACTS FOR INFORMATION SUPPORT SYSTEMS......Page 46
AN ARGUMENTATIVE METHOD—A PROCEDURE AND AN INFORMATION SYSTEM (IBIS)......Page 47
METHODS OF POWER-ACTING......Page 49
LOGIC OF POWER......Page 54
REFERENCES......Page 56
INTRODUCTION......Page 59
THE DOMINANT NARRATIVE......Page 60
CLASSICAL SCIENCE AND THE ‘GEOGRAPHY’ OF GIS......Page 61
CLASSICAL SCIENCE AND THE ‘INFORMATION’Z OF GIS......Page 62
SCIENCE AND THE ‘SYSTEM’ IN GIS......Page 63
GIS IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT PRACTICE......Page 64
A PARADIGM SHIFT......Page 65
PURPOSE, DISCOURSE, CONVENTIONS AND REPRESENTATIONS......Page 66
PURPOSE, DISCOURSE AND THE PROFESSIONS......Page 67
THE DESIGN PROFESSIONS AND THE TREATMENT OF OBJECTS......Page 68
The photograph as visualization......Page 69
The name......Page 70
CONCLUSION......Page 71
REFERENCES......Page 73
INTRODUCTION......Page 75
THE NEED FOR LINKS WITH MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION AID......Page 76
MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION AID......Page 77
STRATEGIES FOR TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE......Page 78
SITE MANAGEMENT......Page 79
PREREQUISITES FOR DESIGN......Page 80
USE OF COMMERCIAL GIS AND ITS DEVELOPMENT LANGUAGE......Page 81
CONCLUSIONS......Page 82
REFERENCES......Page 83
INTRODUCTION......Page 84
BRAINSTORMING......Page 85
BALANCE......Page 86
SCIENTIFIC CRITERIA......Page 87
A PHILOSOPHICAL CRITERION......Page 88
THE STRATEGIZER SYSTEM......Page 89
NEURAL NETWORK-BASED LEARNING......Page 91
NETWORK CONVERGENCE......Page 92
DEDUCING DIFFERENT CRITERION IMPORTANCES......Page 93
MEASURING CRITERIA’S DIRECTIONS OF INFLUENCE......Page 94
ARCHITECTS COMPARED TO URBAN PLANNERS......Page 97
REFERENCES......Page 98
PART TWO  Methodology......Page 100
INTRODUCTION......Page 101
A NOTE ON SPACE CENTRALITY......Page 102
THE MEASURE OF SPATIAL CONVERGENCE......Page 103
SPECIFICATION......Page 104
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS......Page 106
SPATIAL AND OPERATIONAL REPRESENTATIONS......Page 108
CONCLUSIONS......Page 110
REFERENCES......Page 113
INTRODUCTION......Page 114
GIS=DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR URBAN PLANNING?......Page 115
CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODELS......Page 116
THE CELL STATES......Page 117
THE TRANSITION RULES......Page 118
FORCING THE DYNAMICS......Page 119
CINCINNATI......Page 120
A CARIBBEAN ISLAND......Page 122
A MULTI-REGIONAL ISLAND MODEL......Page 127
TOWARDS A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR URBAN PLANNING......Page 131
CONCLUSIONS......Page 133
REFERENCES......Page 134
INTRODUCTION......Page 137
FUZZY SETS......Page 138
CONSTRUCTION OF A FUZZY DECISION TABLE......Page 140
CONSULTATION OF A FUZZY DECISION TABLE......Page 144
CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION......Page 149
REFERENCES......Page 150
INTRODUCTION......Page 152
GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR FACILITY-LOCATION PLANNING......Page 153
DEFINITION OF A CHROMOSOME OF AN ALTERNATIVE LOCATING PLAN......Page 155
DEFINITION OF AN EVALUATION FUNCTION FOR AN ALTERNATIVE LOCATING PLAN......Page 156
GENERATION OF IMPROVED ALTERNATIVE LOCATING PLANS......Page 157
EFFICIENCY TEST OF THE ALGORITHM ON NUMERICAL EXAMPLES......Page 158
CONDITIONS ON PLANNING A COMMUNITY MEETING FACILITY IN M. TOWN......Page 160
OPTIMUM LOCATION OF COMMUNITY MEETING FACILITIES, IN M. TOWN......Page 161
MODIFICATION OF OPTIMUM LOCATING PLAN......Page 162
REFERENCES......Page 164
PART THREE  Application......Page 165
CRITERIA AND SCOPE OF THE PLANNING PROBLEM......Page 166
HYPOTHESIS OF THE RAILROAD TRAFFIC ANALYSIS MODEL......Page 167
FUNCTIONING OF THE ANALYSIS MODEL......Page 173
RELIABILITY, POWER AND SPEED......Page 177
REFERENCES......Page 179
LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN MALAYSIA......Page 180
INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR LOCAL AUTHORITIES......Page 181
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GIS AT LOCAL AUTHORITY LEVEL IN MALAYSIA......Page 182
DEVELOPMENT CONTROL......Page 185
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT......Page 188
GIS AND DSS APPLICATION FOR LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN MALAYSIA: ISSUES AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT......Page 189
REFERENCES......Page 191
INTRODUCTION......Page 193
DEFINITION......Page 194
THE ALLOT MODEL—PREPARATION OF THE INPUT DATABASE......Page 195
WEIGHTING—PURPOSE AND PITFALLS......Page 198
EXAMPLE—THE ALLOT MODEL......Page 199
IS THIS AN OPTIMAL SOLUTION?......Page 200
STEP TWO—ALLOCATING FUTURE LAND USE......Page 201
FUTURE APPLICATIONS......Page 203
POSSIBLE WEAKNESSES......Page 205
EVIDENCE FROM REAL-WORLD RESULTS......Page 206
REFERENCES......Page 209
INTRODUCTION......Page 211
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT......Page 212
THE HOUSING PERFORMANCE RATE (HPR)......Page 213
DIFFERENTIATION ACCORDING TO TARGET GROUP......Page 216
IMPLEMENTATION......Page 217
REFERENCES......Page 218
INTRODUCTION......Page 219
MORPHOLOGICAL MODELS......Page 220
INCLUDING DISTRIBUTION OF FUNCTIONS......Page 224
INTEGRATED CAD-GIS ENVIRONMENTS......Page 225
IMPLEMENTATION IN AN AutoCAD/ADE ENVIRONMENT......Page 227
REFERENCES......Page 229
INTRODUCTION......Page 231
MODELLING AND THE TECHNICAL CONSTRAINTS......Page 232
A PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO LOCAL PLANNING......Page 234
IDENTIFYING THE LOCAL PLANNING PARAMETERS......Page 236
SPG AND PROJECT TYPES......Page 238
METHODOLOGY FOR THE SUPPORT AND EVALUATION......Page 239
MODELLING SUPPORT SYSTEM SHELL......Page 240
EVALUATION AND SUPPORT FROM THE LOCAL PLANNING ATTRIBUTES......Page 243
CONCLUSION......Page 245
BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 246
INTRODUCTION......Page 249
COMPUTER-MEDIATED COOPERATIVE SPATIAL PLANNING......Page 250
THE SYSTEM......Page 251
A CASE STUDY......Page 254
DISCUSSION......Page 255
REFERENCES......Page 256
INTRODUCTION......Page 258
A FRAMEWORK FOR PARKING SIMULATION......Page 259
REQUIREMENTS FOR PARKING SIMULATION......Page 260
A PROGRAM FOR PARKING SIMULATION......Page 261
PARKING SIMULATION IN A GIS......Page 262
DATABASES......Page 263
TransCAD PROCEDURE TOOLKIT......Page 264
CONCLUSION......Page 265
REFERENCES......Page 266
Index......Page 268