Dealing With Bioethical Issues In A Globalized World: Normativity In Bioethics

Contents......Page 6
About the Authors......Page 8
Chapter 1: Introduction: Normativity in Context......Page 11
References......Page 14
Part I: Normative Bioethics in Religious Traditions......Page 16
Chapter 2: Introduction to Part I: Normative Bioethics in Religious Traditions......Page 17
Chapter 3: Normativity in Islamic Bioethics......Page 20
3.1 Introduction......Page 21
3.2 Methods and Sources of Islamic Normative System......Page 23
3.3 Reason vs. Holy Scripture: A Historical Debate......Page 26
3.4 Rationality vs. Traditional Jurisprudence: A Modern Debate......Page 28
3.5 Four Approaches to Normativity in Islam......Page 29
3.6 A Case Study: The Iranian Model of Kidney Transplantation......Page 31
Suggested Readings......Page 34
References......Page 35
Chapter 4: Advancing Death? Discourse and Authority in Judaic Bioethics......Page 37
4.1 Introduction......Page 38
4.2 Structural Problems......Page 39
4.3 Conversing Problems......Page 41
4.4 Advancing Problems......Page 48
4.5 Boundary Problems......Page 52
4.6 Concluding Reflections......Page 53
On Jewish Bioethics:......Page 54
On Jewish views of Euthanasia:......Page 55
Chapter 5: Using the Imagination in Normative Moral Reasoning Around the Principle of Double Effect to Foster Doctrinal Development in Catholic Bioethics......Page 56
5.2.1 Principle of Double Effect......Page 57
5.2.2 The Phoenix Case......Page 58
5.3.1 Imagination & Moral Normativity......Page 60
5.3.2 Imagination & Doctrinal Development......Page 62
5.4.1 Inference and Certitude......Page 65
5.4.2 Personal Conscience & Church Tradition......Page 71
5.5 Conclusion......Page 76
References......Page 77
Chapter 6: Normative Bioethics in Hinduism......Page 80
6.2 Defining Hinduism and Hindu Ethics......Page 81
6.3 Hindu Bioethics as Virtue Ethics......Page 86
6.4 Hindu Bioethics as Deontological Ethics......Page 91
6.5 Hindu Bioethics as Based on Saṃskāras......Page 94
6.6 Conclusion......Page 96
References......Page 97
7.1 Introduction......Page 99
7.2 Buddhist Naturalism: How the Goal Is Justified......Page 101
7.3 Comparisons with Other Theories......Page 104
7.4 Different Views in Buddhist Ethics: How Should Euthanasia Be Understood?......Page 106
7.5 How to Deal with Differences in Buddhism?......Page 108
7.6 Buddhist Pragmatism......Page 112
7.7 Conclusion......Page 115
Buddhist Ethics in General......Page 116
Buddhist Bioethics......Page 117
Part II: Normativity at Crossroads......Page 118
Chapter 8: Introduction to Part II: Normativity at Crossroads......Page 119
9.1 Introduction......Page 121
9.2 Analogy – Snorkelling in the Rhine......Page 123
9.3 Models for Relating Empirical Research to Normative Ethics......Page 124
9.4 Identifying the Contribution of Empirical Research to Normative Decision-Making, and Vice-Versa......Page 125
9.4.2 Describing the Problem......Page 126
9.4.3 Effects and Alternatives......Page 127
9.5 Conclusion......Page 128
References......Page 129
10.1 Human Rights......Page 132
10.2 Implications for Global Bioethics......Page 134
10.3 Normativity in Global Bioethics......Page 135
10.4 Normativity in Theory and Practice......Page 139
10.4.2 Enlarged Repertoire of Practices......Page 140
10.5 Normativity as Dialectics......Page 141
References......Page 143
11.1 Introduction......Page 145
11.2 Ethical Diversity in the Healthcare Setting......Page 147
11.3 Overcoming Relativism......Page 150
11.4 Incorporating Plurality and Dissent......Page 153
Suggested Readings......Page 155
References......Page 156
Chapter 12: Narrative Authority: A Key to Culturally Competent Healthcare......Page 157
12.1 Introduction......Page 158
12.2 Recognizing and Accepting Cultural Differences......Page 159
12.2.1 Globalization and Its Impact......Page 160
12.2.2 Cultural Insensitivity......Page 163
12.2.3 Imposition and Effect of Western Colonialism......Page 166
12.3 Knowledge and Insights to Become Culturally Competent Healthcare......Page 169
12.3.1 Understanding the Patient-Level Disparities......Page 170
12.3.2 Explanatory Model of Illness and Conceptualization of Illness......Page 174
12.4 Actions to Create a Culturally Competent Healthcare System by Practicing Narrative Authority......Page 178
12.4.1 Narrative Authority......Page 179
12.4.2 Prioritize the Patient......Page 182
12.4.3 Practice Effective Communication......Page 184
12.4.4 Ensure Education, Ongoing Training and Development......Page 188
12.5 Conclusion......Page 190
Suggested Readings......Page 191
References......Page 192
13.1 The Samoan......Page 195
13.2 “Just Who Do You Think You Are?”......Page 196
13.3 The Case......Page 198
13.4 Korsgaard’s Account of Normativity......Page 200
13.5 Cohen’s ‘Mafioso’ Objection......Page 201
13.6 From Practical Identity to Social Role......Page 202
13.7 The Psychologist’s Culpability......Page 204
13.8 Reflections......Page 207
Suggested Readings......Page 208
References......Page 209