Data Management Using Stata

Acknowledgments
Tables
Figures
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface
1 Introduction
	1.1 Using this book
	1.2 Overview of this book
	1.3 Listing observations in this book
	1.4 More online resources
2 Reading and importing data files
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Reading Stata datasets
	2.3 Importing Excel spreadsheets
	2.4 Importing SAS files
		2.4.1 Importing SAS .sas7bdat files
		2.4.2 Importing SAS XPORT Version 5 files
		2.4.3 Importing SAS XPORT Version 8 files
	2.5 Importing SPSS files
	2.6 Importing dBase files
	2.7 Importing raw data files
		2.7.1 Importing comma-separated and tab-separated files
		2.7.2 Importing space-separated files
		2.7.3 Importing fixed-column files
		2.7.4 Importing fixed-column files with multiple lines of raw data per observation
	2.8 Common errors when reading and importing files
	2.9 Entering data directly into the Stata Data Editor
3 Saving and exporting data files
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Saving Stata datasets
	3.3 Exporting Excel files
	3.4 Exporting SAS XPORT Version 8 files
	3.5 Exporting SAS XPORT Version 5 files
	3.6 Exporting dBase files
	3.7 Exporting comma-separated and tab-separated files
	3.8 Exporting space-separated files
	3.9 Exporting Excel files revisited: Creating reports
4 Data cleaning
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Double data entry
	4.3 Checking individual variables
	4.4 Checking categorical by categorical variables
	4.5 Checking categorical by continuous variables
	4.6 Checking continuous by continuous variables
	4.7 Correcting errors in data
	4.8 Identifying duplicates
	4.9 Final thoughts on data cleaning
5 Labeling datasets
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Describing datasets
	5.3 Labeling variables
	5.4 Labeling values
	5.5 Labeling utilities
	5.6 Labeling variables and values in different languages
	5.7 Adding comments to your dataset using notes
	5.8 Formatting the display of variables
	5.9 Changing the order of variables in a dataset
6 Creating variables
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Creating and changing variables
	6.3 Numeric expressions and functions
	6.4 String expressions and functions
	6.5 Recoding
	6.6 Coding missing values
	6.7 Dummy variables
	6.8 Date variables
	6.9 Date-and-time variables
	6.10 Computations across variables
	6.11 Computations across observations
	6.12 More examples using the egen command
	6.13 Converting string variables to numeric variables
	6.14 Converting numeric variables to string variables
	6.15 Renaming and ordering variables
7 Combining datasets
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Appending: Appending datasets
	7.3 Appending: Problems
	7.4 Merging: One-to-one match merging
	7.5 Merging: One-to-many match merging
	7.6 Merging: Merging multiple datasets
	7.7 Merging: Update merges
	7.8 Merging: Additional options when merging datasets
	7.9 Merging: Problems merging datasets
	7.10 Joining datasets
	7.11 Crossing datasets
8 Processing observations across subgroups
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Obtaining separate results for subgroups
	8.3 Computing values separately by subgroups
	8.4 Computing values within subgroups: Subscripting observations
	8.5 Computing values within subgroups: Computations across observations
	8.6 Computing values within subgroups: Running sums
	8.7 Computing values within subgroups: More examples
	8.8 Comparing the by and tsset commands
9 Changing the shape of your data
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Wide and long datasets
	9.3 Introduction to reshaping long to wide
	9.4 Reshaping long to wide: Problems
	9.5 Introduction to reshaping wide to long
	9.6 Reshaping wide to long: Problems
	9.7 Multilevel datasets
	9.8 Collapsing datasets
10 Programming for data management: Part I
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Tips on long-term goals in data management
	10.3 Executing do-files and making log files
	10.4 Automating data checking
	10.5 Combining do-files
	10.6 Introducing Stata macros
	10.7 Manipulating Stata macros
	10.8 Repeating commands by looping over variables
	10.9 Repeating commands by looping over numbers
	10.10 Repeating commands by looping over anything
	10.11 Accessing results stored from Stata commands
11 Programming for data management: Part II
	11.1 Writing Stata programs for data management
	11.2 Program 1: hello
	11.3 Where to save your Stata programs
	11.4 Program 2: Multilevel counting
	11.5 Program 3: Tabulations in list format
	11.6 Program 4: Scoring the simple depression scale
	11.7 Program 5: Standardizing variables
	11.8 Program 6: Checking variable labels
	11.9 Program 7: Checking value labels
	11.10 Program 8: Customized describe command
	11.11 Program 9: Customized summarize command
	11.12 Program 10: Checking for unlabeled values
	11.13 Tips on debugging Stata programs
	11.14 Final thoughts: Writing Stata programs for data management
A Common elements
	A.1 Introduction
	A.2 Overview of Stata syntax
	A.3 Working across groups of observations with by
	A.4 Comments
	A.5 Data types
	A.6 Logical expressions
	A.7 Functions
	A.8 Subsetting observations with if and in
	A.9 Subsetting observations and variables with keep and drop
	A.10 Missing values
	A.11 Referring to variable lists
	A.12 Frames
		A.12.1 Frames example 1: Can I interrupt you for a quick question?
		A.12.2 Frames example 2: Juggling related tasks
		A.12.3 Frames example 3: Checking double data entry
Subject index