Data Communications and Network Technologies

1 Network Fundamentals
1.​1 Overview of Network
1.​1.​1 Network and Internet
1.​1.​2 Network Topology
1.​1.​3 Network Types
1.​2 Networking Equipment
1.​3 Planning and Design of Enterprise Networks
1.​3.​1 Enterprise LANs
1.​3.​2 Enterprise WANs
1.​4 Exercises
2 TCP/​IP
2.​1 Overview of Protocols
2.​1.​1 Introduction to Protocols
2.​1.​2 Computer Communication Protocols
2.​1.​3 Relationship Between OSI 7-Layer Model and the TCP/​IPv4 Protocol Stack
2.​2 Application Layer Protocols
2.​2.​1 HTTP Protocol
2.​2.​2 FTP Protocol
2.​3 Transport Layer Protocols
2.​3.​1 Application Scenarios of TCP and UDP
2.​3.​2 Relationship Between Transport Layer Protocols and Application Layer Protocols
2.​3.​3 TCP Headers
2.​3.​4 TCP Connection Management
2.​3.​5 Implementation of TCP Reliable Transmission
2.​3.​6 UDP
2.​4 Network Layer Protocols
2.​4.​1 Two Versions of Network Layer Protocols
2.​4.​2 IP
2.​4.​3 ICMP
2.​4.​4 ARP
2.​5 Network Interface Layer Protocols
2.​6 Exercises
3 VRP Fundamentals
3.​1 Introduction to VRP
3.​2 VRP Command Lines
3.​2.​1 Basic Concepts of the Command Line
3.​2.​2 How to Use Command Lines
3.​3 Login to Network Devices
3.​3.​1 Configure the User Interface
3.​3.​2 Login to the Device via the Console Port
3.​3.​3 Login to the Device via Telnet
3.​3.​4 Login to the Device via SSH
3.​3.​5 Login to the Device via Web
3.​4 Basic Configurations of Network Devices
3.​4.​1 Configure the Device Name
3.​4.​2 Configure the Device Clock
3.​4.​3 Configure the Device IP Address
3.​5 Introduction to Configuration Files
3.​5.​1 Configuration Files of Huawei Network Devices
3.​5.​2 Save the Current Configuration
3.​5.​3 Set the Configuration File for the Next Startup
3.​5.​4 View Configuration Results
3.​5.​5 File Management
3.​6 Exercises
4 IP Addresses and Subnetting
4.​1 Preliminary Knowledge
4.​1.​1 Binary System and Decimal System
4.​1.​2 Rules for Converting Decimal Numbers to Binary Numbers
4.​2 Detailed Explanation of IP Addresses
4.​2.​1 MAC Addresses and IP Addresses
4.​2.​2 Composition of IP Addresses and Gateways
4.​2.​3 Format of IP Addresses
4.​2.​4 Subnet Masks of IP Addresses
4.​2.​5 Classification of IP Addresses
4.​2.​6 Special IP Addresses
4.​3 Public Addresses and Private Addresses
4.​3.​1 Public Addresses
4.​3.​2 Private Addresses
4.​4 Subnetting
4.​4.​1 Why Is Subnetting Needed
4.​4.​2 FLSM Subnetting
4.​4.​3 Examples of FLSM Subnetting
4.​4.​4 VLSM Subnetting
4.​5 Merge Subnets
4.​5.​1 Merge Network Segments
4.​5.​2 Rules of Merging Network Segments
4.​6 Determine Which Network Segment an IP Address Belongs
4.​7 Exercises
5 IP Routing Fundamentals
5.​1 Basic Concepts of Route
5.​1.​1 What Is a Route
5.​1.​2 Sources of Routing Information
5.​1.​3 Route Preferences
5.​1.​4 Route Cost
5.​1.​5 Conditions for an Unobstructed Network
5.​2 Static Routing
5.​2.​1 Basic Concepts of Static Routing
5.​2.​2 Notes on Static Routing Configuration
5.​2.​3 Examples of Configuring Static Routing
5.​2.​4 Floating Static Routes
5.​3 Route Summarization
5.​3.​1 Simplify Routing Tables with Route Summarization
5.​3.​2 Longest Prefix Match
5.​3.​3 Classless Inter-Domain Routing
5.​4 Default Routing
5.​4.​1 Overview of Default Routing
5.​4.​2 The Writing of Default Routing
5.​4.​3 Simplify Routing Tables with Default Routing
5.​4.​4 Simplify Routing Tables with Route Summarization
5.​4.​5 Routing on a Ring Network Caused by Default Routing
5.​4.​6 Default Routes and Gateways on Hosts
5.​5 Exercises
6 Dynamic Routing
6.​1 Classification of Dynamic Routing Protocols
6.​2 Overview of OSPF Protocol
6.​2.​1 Introduction to OSPF Protocol
6.​2.​2 Routing Tables Generated from the Shortest Path
6.​2.​3 Related Terms of OSPF Protocol
6.​2.​4 OSPF Working Process
6.​2.​5 OSPF Message Types
6.​2.​6 Network Types Defined by OSPF
6.​2.​7 DR and BDR
6.​2.​8 Three Tables of OSPF
6.​2.​9 OSPF Areas
6.​3 Configuration of OSPF Protocol
6.​3.​1 Single-Area Configuration of OSPF Protocol
6.​3.​2 Multi-area Configuration of OSPF Protocol
6.​3.​3 View the Three Tables of the OSPF Protocol
6.​3.​4 Route Summarization on the Area Border Router
6.​4 Exercises
7 Ethernet Switching Technologies
7.​1 Ethernet Switching Fundamentals
7.​1.​1 Evolution of Ethernet
7.​1.​2 MAC Addresses
7.​1.​3 Ethernet Frame Format
7.​2 Ethernet Switches
7.​2.​1 MAC Address Table of Switches
7.​2.​2 Three Forwarding Operations of Switches
7.​2.​3 MAC Address Table Building Process of a Single Switch
7.​2.​4 MAC Address Table Building Process of Multiple Switches
7.​2.​5 Typical Campus Network Architecture
7.​3 VLANs
7.​3.​1 Concept and Meaning of VLAN
7.​3.​2 Multiple VLANs on a Single Switch
7.​3.​3 VLANs Across Switches
7.​3.​4 Link Types and Port Types
7.​3.​5 VLAN Types
7.​3.​6 Configure Port-Based VLANs
7.​3.​7 Configure MAC Address-Based VLANs
7.​4 Implement Inter-VLAN Routing
7.​4.​1 Why Is Implementing Inter-VLAN Routing Needed
7.​4.​2 Implement Inter-VLAN Routing Through Routers
7.​4.​3 Implement Inter-VLAN Routing Through a One-Armed Router
7.​4.​4 Implement Inter-VLAN Routing Through Layer 3 Switching
7.​5 Exercises
8 Advanced Ethernet Switching Technologies
8.​1 Spanning Tree Protocol
8.​1.​1 Loop Problem of Switch Networking
8.​1.​2 Overview of the Spanning Tree Protocol
8.​1.​3 Basic Concepts and Working Principles of the Spanning Tree Protocol
8.​1.​4 STP Message Types
8.​1.​5 Port States of Spanning Tree
8.​1.​6 View and Configure STP
8.​2 Link Aggregation
8.​2.​1 Basic Concepts of Link Aggregation
8.​2.​2 Application Scenarios of Link Aggregation Technology
8.​2.​3 Basic Principles of Link Aggregation
8.​2.​4 Modes of Link Aggregation
8.​2.​5 Load-Balance Mode
8.​2.​6 An Example of Link Aggregation Configuration
8.​3 Smart Link
8.​3.​1 Basic Principles of Smart Link
8.​3.​2 An Example of Smart Link Configuration
8.​4 Monitor Link
8.​4.​1 Basic Principles of Monitor Link
8.​4.​2 An Example of Monitor Link Configuration
8.​5 Alternatives to STP and Current Networking Recommendations
8.​6 Exercises
9 ACL and AAA
9.​1 Working Principles of ACL
9.​1.​1 Overview of ACL
9.​1.​2 Composition of ACL
9.​1.​3 Classification of ACLs
9.​1.​4 Wildcard-Mask
9.​1.​5 ACL Design Roadmap
9.​1.​6 Implementation of Basic ACL Configuration
9.​1.​7 Implementation of Advanced ACL Configuration
9.​2 AAA
9.​2.​1 Working Modes of AAA
9.​2.​2 Configuration of AAA
9.​3 Exercises
10 Network Address Translation Technologies
10.​1 Public Addresses and Private Addresses
10.​2 NAT Types
10.​2.​1 Static NAT
10.​2.​2 Dynamic NAT
10.​2.​3 NAPT
10.​2.​4 Easy IP
10.​3 Implementation of NAT
10.​4 Implementation of NAPT
10.​5 Implementation of Easy IP
10.​6 NAT Server
10.​6.​1 Application Scenarios of NAT Server
10.​6.​2 Implementation of NAT Server
10.​7 Exercises
11 DHCP
11.​1 Application Scenarios of Static Addresses and Dynamic Addresses
11.​2 Working Principles of DHCP
11.​2.​1 Basic Concepts of DHCP
11.​2.​2 Working Process of DHCP
11.​2.​3 Lease Renewal
11.​3 DHCP Service Configuration
11.​4 Assign Addresses to Directly Connected Network Segments Using Interface Address Pool
11.​5 DHCP Relay
11.​5.​1 Principles of DHCP Relay
11.​5.​2 Configure DHCP Relay for Cross-Network Segment Address Assignment
11.​6 Exercises
12 WLAN Technologies
12.​1 Overview of WLAN
12.​1.​1 What Is WLAN
12.​1.​2 WLAN Standards and Wi-Fi Evolution
12.​1.​3 Development of Wi-Fi in Office Scenarios
12.​2 WLAN Devices and Networking
12.​2.​1 Introduction to WLAN Devices
12.​2.​2 Basic WLAN Networking Architecture
12.​2.​3 Agile Distributed AP Architecture
12.​2.​4 Concepts of Wired Networking
12.​2.​5 Concepts of Wireless Networking
12.​3 Working Principles of WLAN
12.​3.​1 Working Process of WLAN
12.​3.​2 APs Go Online Process
12.​3.​3 Deliver WLAN Service Configuration
12.​3.​4 STA Access
12.​3.​5 WLAN Service Data Forwarding
12.​4 Case:​ Layer 2 Networking Tunnel Forwarding in Bypass Mode
12.​4.​1 Configure Network Interworking
12.​4.​2 Configure the APs to Go On Line
12.​4.​3 Configure WLAN Service Parameters
12.​5 Development Trends of WLAN Technologies
12.​6 Exercises
13 IPv6
13.​1 Overview of IPv6
13.​1.​1 The Dilemma Faced by IPv4
13.​1.​2 Advantages of IPv6
13.​1.​3 IPv6 Base Headers
13.​1.​4 IPv6 Extension Headers
13.​2 IPv6 Addressing
13.​2.​1 Overview of IPv6 Address
13.​2.​2 Classification of IPv6 Addresses
13.​2.​3 Unicast Addresses
13.​2.​4 Multicast Addresses
13.​2.​5 Anycast Addresses
13.​2.​6 Common IPv6 Address Types and Ranges
13.​3 IPv6 Address Configuration
13.​3.​1 IPv6 Addresses for Computers and Routers
13.​3.​2 Service Process of IPv6 Unicast Address
13.​3.​3 Neighbor Discovery Protocol
13.​3.​4 Configuration Methods of IPv6 Address
13.​3.​5 Two Autoconfiguratio​n Methods of IPv6 Address
13.​4 Implement IPv6 Address Autoconfiguratio​n
13.​4.​1 Implement IPv6 Address Stateless Autoconfiguratio​n
13.​4.​2 Packet Capture Analysis of RA and RS Packets
13.​4.​3 Implement IPv6 Address Stateful Autoconfiguratio​n
13.​5 IPv6 Routing
13.​5.​1 IPv6 Static Routing
13.​5.​2 OSPFv3
13.​6 Exercises
14 WAN Fundamentals
14.​1 Overview of WAN
14.​2 Principles and Configuration of PPP
14.​2.​1 Overview of PPP
14.​2.​2 PPP Frame Format
14.​2.​3 Three Stages of PPP Negotiation
14.​2.​4 PPP Working Process
14.​2.​5 Configure PPP:​ PAP Mode for Authentication
14.​2.​6 Configure PPP:​ CHAP Mode for Authentication
14.​2.​7 Packet Capture Analysis for PPP Link Establishment Process
14.​3 PPPoE
14.​3.​1 Overview of PPPoE
14.​3.​2 PPPoE Message Format
14.​3.​3 Working Process of PPPoE
14.​3.​4 Configure Windows PPPoE Dial-Up Access
14.​4 Exercises
15 Typical Networking Architectures for Campus Networks and Case Practice
15.​1 Basic Concepts of Campus Networks
15.​1.​1 What Is a Campus Network?​
15.​1.​2 Typical Architecture of Campus Network
15.​1.​3 Protocols and Technologies Commonly Used in Campus Networks
15.​2 Lifecycle of a Campus Network
15.​3 Hands-On Practice of Campus Network Projects
15.​3.​1 Network Requirements
15.​3.​2 Planning and Design of Small Campus Networks
15.​3.​3 Deployment and Implementation of Small Campus Networks
15.​3.​4 Operation and Maintenance of Small Campus Networks
15.​3.​5 Network Optimization of Small Campus Networks
15.​4 Exercises
16 Network Management, Operation and Maintenance
16.​1 Overview of Network Management, Operation and Maintenance
16.​2 Principles and Configuration of SNMP
16.​2.​1 Overview of SNMP Protocol
16.​2.​2 Components of SNMP System
16.​2.​3 SNMP Queries
16.​2.​4 SNMP Setting
16.​2.​5 SNMP Traps
16.​2.​6 Configure SNMP
16.​3 Principles and Configuration of NTP
16.​3.​1 Overview of NTP Protocol
16.​3.​2 Basic Principles of NTP
16.​3.​3 NTP Network Architecture
16.​3.​4 Working Modes of NTP
16.​3.​5 Configure NTP
16.​4 Exercises
17 SDN and NFV
17.​1 Overview of Traditional Networks
17.​1.​1 Traditional Networks and Their Distributed Control Architectures
17.​1.​2 Problems Faced by Traditional Networks
17.​2 SDN and OpenFlow Protocol
17.​2.​1 Concept of SDN
17.​2.​2 OpenFlow Protocol
17.​2.​3 Introduction to FlowTable
17.​2.​4 SDN Network Architecture
17.​3 Overview of NFV
17.​3.​1 Concepts of NFV
17.​3.​2 Value of NFV
17.​3.​3 Key Technologies for NFV
17.​3.​4 NFV Architecture
17.​3.​5 Huawei NFV Solutions
17.​4 Exercises
18 Network Programming and Automation
18.​1 Introduction to Network Programming and Automation
18.​2 Overview of Programming Languages
18.​2.​1 Classification of High-Level Programming Languages
18.​2.​2 Computing Technology Stack and Program Execution Process
18.​3 Python Language
18.​3.​1 What Is Python
18.​3.​2 Application Areas of Python
18.​3.​3 How Python Code Works
18.​3.​4 Coding Specifications of Python
18.​3.​5 Basic Concepts of Python
18.​4 Manage Network Devices with Python
18.​4.​1 Introduction to Telnet
18.​4.​2 Manage Huawei Routers with Telnet
18.​5 Exercises
Index