Cytopathology

Cytopathology
Series Preface
Volume Preface
Acknowledgments
Editor Biography
Series Editor Biography
Contributors
A
	Acinic Cell Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular and Cytogenetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Acute Thyroiditis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular and Cytogenetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Adnexal Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Adrenal Myelolipoma, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Adrenocortical Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Anaplastic Carcinoma of Thyroid, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Angiomyolipoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Apocrine Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Astrocytoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Atypia, Chemotherapy-Associated
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotyping
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Atypical Glandular Cells
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Atypical Immature Metaplasia
		Synonyms
		Cytomorphology
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASC-US)
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Atypical Squamous Cells, Cannot Exclude High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (ASC-H)
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
B
	Barrett’s Esophagus, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Basal Cell Adenoma of Salivary Gland, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular and Cytogenetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Benign Orbital Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Benign, Nonneoplastic Lesions and Inflammatory Process of the Orbit, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Biliary Duct Brushing
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		References and Further Reading
	Bladder Wash Specimen
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		References and Further Reading
	Bone Cyst (Aneurysmal Bone Cyst and Solitary Bone Cyst), Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
			Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Breast Cysts, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy/Cytology
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Bronchial Washing
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
			Technical Procedure
			Workup in the Laboratory
		Applications
		Table with Examples (Links)
		References and Further Reading
	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Specimen
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
			Technical Procedure
			Workup in the Laboratory
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		Table with Examples (Links)
		References and Further Reading
C
	Carcinoid Tumors of the Lung, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cat-Scratch Disease, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cell Block Techniques
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		Examples
		References and Further Reading
	Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cytology of Hematopoietic Malignancies
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cytology of Infections
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Outcome
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cytology of Metastatic Malignancies
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cytology of SNC Tumors
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cerebrospinal Fluid, Normal Cytology
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cholangiocarcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Chordomas, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy: Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cirrhosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Clear Cell Sarcoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Clear Cell Tumor of Lung, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Colloid Goiter, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Conjunctiva Cytology, General Aspects
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Conjunctival Inflammatory Lesions, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Conjunctival Lymphoma, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Conjunctival Melanocytic Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Conjunctival Papilloma, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Cornea Cytology
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Curschmann´s Spirals
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cyst of Salivary Gland, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Cytology of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Cytomegalovirus, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy: Cervical Cytology
		CMV and Cervical Cancer
		Detection of CMV
		References and Further Reading
	Cytospin Technique
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		Examples
		References and Further Reading
D
	Ductal Breast Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Ductal Carcinoma of Salivary Gland, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular and Cytogenetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
E
	Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, In Situ
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotyping/Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, Invasive
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Endometrial Cells, Smears
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Endometrioid Ovarian Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
			Imprint
			Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA)
			Peritoneal Washing and Ascites
			Other Endometrioid Ovarian Tumors: Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Endometriosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
			Cytology
			Histology
			Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Eosinophilic Effusions
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		References and Further Reading
	Ependymoma, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Epithelial Proliferative Benign Lesion of the Breast, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Epithelial Proliferative Lesion of the Breast, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Epithelioid Sarcomas, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Extrauterine Adenocarcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Common Primary Sites to Metastasize to Lower Female Genital Tract
			Ovary
			Breast
			Gastrointestinal Tract
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
			Ovary
			Lobular Carcinoma of Breast
			Gastrointestinal
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Eyelids Cytology, General Aspects
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
F
	Fat Necrosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Ferruginous Bodies
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Special Stains
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Fibroadenoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Fibromatosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		References and Further Reading
	Flow Cytometry on FNA Material
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		Examples
		References and Further Reading
	Follicular Tumor, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Fungi Infections, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
G
	Germ Cell Neoplasias, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
			Seminomas/Germinomas
			Yolk Sac Tumor/Endodermal Sinus Tumor
			Embryonal Carcinoma
			Choriocarcinoma
			Teratoma
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Giant Cell Tumors of the Bone, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Granular Cell Tumor, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Granulomatous Lymphadenitis, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Granulomatous Thyroiditis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Granulosa Cell Tumor of Ovary, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Gynecomastia, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy/Cytology
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
H
	Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Hepatoblastoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Genetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Herpes Virus, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Cytomorphology
		Differential Diagnosis
		HSV Detection Tests
		References and Further Reading
	High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Variants
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Human Papillomavirus
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		HPV Infection: Natural History
		Laboratory Detection
		References and Further Reading
	Human Polyomavirus, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Hürthle Cell Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
I
	Infectious Mononucleosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy: Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Inflammatory Pseudo Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
K
	Kikuchi Lymphadenitis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy: Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
L
	Lacrimal Gland Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Lacrimal Glands Malignant Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Lipoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Liquid-Based Cytology
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Obtaining the Cervical Sample
		References and Further Reading
	Liver Metastasis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Lung Metastasis, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
M
	Malakoplakia, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Malignant Melanoma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Mediastinal Tumor, Fine Needle Aspiration
		Definition
		References and Further Reading
	Medullary Breast Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Medulloblastoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Melanoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Meningioma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Meningioma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Mesothelial Cells, Reactive
		Synonyms
		Clinical Features
		Definition
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		Immunocytochemistry
		Molecular Testing
		References and Further Reading
	Mesothelioma, Effusions
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Metanephric Adenoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Metastatic Adenocarcinoma, Effusions
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Breast
		Lung
		Müllerian Origin
		Gastrointestinal Tract
		Genitourinary Tract
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Microglandular Hyperplasia, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunocytochemistry
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Molecular Techniques on Cytology
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology (Technical Aspects)
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
			Lung Cytology
			Serous Effusions
			Urine Cytology
			Thyroid Cytology
			Gastrointestinal Tumors (Including Pancreas) Cytology
			Soft Tissue Cytology
			Metastatic Cancer Cytology
		Conclusions
		References and Further Reading
	Mucinous Breast Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Mucinous Ovarian Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Microscopy
			Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma : Cytologic Findings
			Mucinous Borderline Ovarian Tumors: Cytologic Findings
			Mucinous Ovarian Adenocarcinoma
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular and Cytogenetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Myxoid Sarcomas, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
N
	Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Neuroblastoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Nodular Hyperplasia of Prostate, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Nodular Hyperplasia of Thyroid, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Cytological Findings
		Variants
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
O
	Oligodendroglioma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Outcome
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Orbit Cytology, General Aspects
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Orbital Cysts of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Orbital Malignant Lymphoma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Orbital Malignant Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Orbital Metastases of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Orbital Soft Tissue Tumors of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Osteosarcoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Ovarian Nonneoplastic Cysts, Cytological Findings
		Definition
			Follicular Cyst
				Synonyms
				Cytologic Findings
			Luteal Cyst
				Synonyms
				Definition
				Cytologic Findings
			Endometriotic Cyst
				Synonyms
				Definition
				Cytologic Findings
			Simple Cyst
				Synonyms
				Cytologic Findings
				Immunophenotype
				Differential Diagnosis of Nonneoplastic Cysts of the Ovary
		References and Further Reading
P
	Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy (Cytologic Features)
			Well-Differentiated Adenocarcinoma
			Moderately Differentiated Adenocarcinoma
			Poorly Differentiated Adenocarcinoma
			Variants of Ductal Adenocarcinoma
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy (Cytologic Features)
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Lymphoepithelial Cyst, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy (Cytologic Features)
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Mucinous, Noncystic Adenocarcinoma (Colloid Carcinoma), Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy (Cytologic Features)
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Pseudocyst, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Serous Cystadenoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pancreatic Solid-Pseudopapillary Neoplasm, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy (Cytologic Features)
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Papillary Tumors of the Breast, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Penile Neoplasias, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Epidemiology
			Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PeIN)
			Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
			Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
			Adenocarcinoma: Paget Disease
			Melanoma
		References and Further Reading
	Pericardial Effusions, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		References and Further Reading
	Peritoneal Effusions, Cytology
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Peritoneal Washings (PW)
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pheochromocytoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Phyllodes Tumor, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy/Cytology
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Plasmacytomas, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Pleomorphic Sarcomas, Cytological Findings
		Variants
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pleural Effusions, Cytology
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		References and Further Reading
	Pneumocystis jirovecii, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Pneumonia, Effusions Associated with
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of Thyroid, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNET), Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Prostatitis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
R
	Reactive Cellular Changes, Infections
		Synonyms
		Description
		References and Further Reading
	Reactive Cellular Changes, Intrauterine Contraceptive Device
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Reactive Cellular Changes, Repair
		Synonyms
		Cytomorphology
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Renal Cell Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Renal Oncocytoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Reserve Cell Hyperplasia, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Description
			Physiology
			Histology
			Cytology
			Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Rhabdoid Tumor, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Rhabdomyosarcoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Effusions Associated with
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Rosai-Dorfman Disease, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Round Cell Sarcomas, Cytological Findings
		Variants
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
S
	Schwannoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Secretory Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Serous Ovarian Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Microscopy
			Benign Serous Tumors: Cytologic Findings
			Serous Borderline Tumors (SBOT): Cytologic Findings
			Malignant Serous Tumors: Cytologic Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Microscopy
			Thecoma-Fibroma Tumor
				Imprint Cytology
			Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary
				Imprint Cytology
			Sertoli-Stromal Cell Tumors
				Imprint Cytology
			Sex Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules
				Imprint Cytology
				Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors
				Peritoneal Fluid
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Small Cell Carcinoma, Cytological Findings
		Definition
			Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Spindle Cell Sarcomas, Cytological Findings
		Variants
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Effusions
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Microscopy
		Ancillary Studies
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Cell Carcinoma, In Situ
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
			Cervical Cytology
			Histopathology
			Differential Diagnosis of Severe Dyskaryosis (HSIL) in Cytology Smears
		Immunophenotyping and Molecular Features
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Invasive
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Cytomorphology
		Immunophenotype and Molecular features
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, High Grade (HGSIL)
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, Low Grade (LGSIL)
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Squamous Metaplasia, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Description
			Physiology
			Histology
			Cytology
			Differential Diagnosis
		Reference and Further Reading
	Squamous Papilloma of the Orbit and Ocular Adnexa, Cytological Findings
		Description
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Subareolar Abscess, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Systemic Disease and Effusions, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE),  Effusions Associated with
		Synonyms
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		Cross-References
		References and Further Reading
T
	Thymomas, Cytological Findings
		Microscopy
		References and Further Reading
	Toxoplasmosis, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Microscopy: Cytological Findings
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Tuberculous Effusions
		Definition
		Clinical Features (Light 2010)
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Special Studies
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
U
	Undifferentiated Carcinoma of the Pancreas, Cytological Aspects
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Type Giant Cells of the Pancreas, Cytological Aspects
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
	Urine Specimen Cytology
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Principle
		Methodology
		Quality Aspects
		Applications
		References and Further Reading
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading
V
	Viral Infections, Cytological Findings
		Introduction
			Definition
			Epidemiology
			Diagnosis
			Cytologic Findings
		Types of Viruses
			Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
			Herpes Zoster Virus
			Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
			Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
				HPV L1
				p16INK4A
				Dual Staining p16/Ki67
			Polyomavirus (PV)
			Parvovirus B19
			Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
		References and Further Reading
W
	Warthin Tumor, Cytological Findings
		Synonyms
		Definition
		Clinical Features
		Macroscopy
		Microscopy
		Immunophenotype
		Molecular and Cytogenetic Features
		Differential Diagnosis
		References and Further Reading