Customary International Humanitarian Law: Volume 1, Rules

CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW - VOLUME I......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 6
FOREWORD BY DR. JAKOB KELLENBERGER......Page 16
FOREWORD BY DR. ABDUL G. KOROMA......Page 19
FOREWORD BY DR. YVES SANDOZ......Page 21
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 26
INTRODUCTION......Page 32
ABBREVIATIONS......Page 59
PART I: THE PRINCIPLE OF DISTINCTION......Page 62
Rule 1. The Principle of Distinction between Civilians and Combatants......Page 64
Rule 2. Violence Aimed at Spreading Terror\ramong the Civilian Population......Page 69
Rule 3. Definition of Combatants......Page 72
Rule 4.  Definition of Armed Forces......Page 75
Rule 5. Definition of Civilians......Page 78
Rule 6. Loss of Protection from Attack......Page 80
Rule 7. The Principle of Distinction between\rCivilian Objects and Military\rObjectives......Page 86
Rule 8. Definition of Military Objectives......Page 90
Rule 9. Definition of Civilian Objects......Page 93
Rule 10. Loss of Protection from Attack......Page 95
Rule 11. Indiscriminate Attacks......Page 98
Rule 12. Definition of Indiscriminate Attacks......Page 101
Rule 13. Area Bombardment......Page 104
Rule 14. Proportionality in Attack......Page 107
Rule 15. Principle of Precautions in Attack......Page 112
Rule 16. Target Verification......Page 116
Rule 17. Choice of Means and Methods of\rWarfare......Page 117
Rule 18. Assessment of the Effects of Attacks......Page 119
Rule 19. Control during the Execution of\rAttacks......Page 121
Rule 20. Advance Warning......Page 123
Rule 21. Target Selection......Page 126
Rule 22. Principle of Precautions against the\rEffects of Attacks......Page 129
Rule 23. Location of Military Objectives\routside Densely Populated Areas......Page 132
Rule 24. Removal of Civilians and Civilian\rObjects from the Vicinity of Military\rObjectives......Page 135
PART II: SPECIFICALLY PROTECTED PERSONS AND OBJECTS......Page 138
Rule 25. Medical Personnel......Page 140
Rule 26. Medical Activities......Page 147
Rule 27. Religious Personnel......Page 149
Rule 28. Medical Units......Page 152
Rule 29. Medical Transports......Page 159
Rule 30. Persons and Objects Displaying the\rDistinctive Emblem......Page 163
Rule 31. Safety of Humanitarian Relief\rPersonnel......Page 166
Rule 32. Safety of Humanitarian Relief Objects......Page 170
Rule 33. Personnel and Objects Involved in a\rPeacekeeping Mission......Page 173
Rule 34. Journalists......Page 176
Rule 35. Hospital and Safety Zones......Page 180
Rule 36. Demilitarised Zones......Page 181
Rule 37. Non-defended Localities......Page 183
Rule 38. Attacks against Cultural Property......Page 188
Rule 39. Use of Cultural Property for Military\rPurposes......Page 192
Rule 40. Respect for Cultural Property......Page 193
Rule 41. Export and Return of Cultural\rProperty in Occupied Territory......Page 196
Rule 42. Works and Installations Containing\rDangerous Forces......Page 200
Rule 43. Application of the General Rules on\rthe Conduct of Hostilities to the\rNatural Environment......Page 204
Rule 44. Due Regard for the Natural\rEnvironment in Military Operations......Page 208
Rule 45. Serious Damage to the Natural\rEnvironment......Page 212
PART III: SPECIFIC METHODS OF WARFARE......Page 220
Rule 46. Order or Threats that No Quarter Will\rBe Given......Page 222
Rule 47. Attacks against Persons Hors de\rCombat......Page 225
Rule 48. Attacks against Persons Parachuting\rfrom an Aircraft in Distress......Page 231
Rule 49.War Booty......Page 234
Rule 50. Destruction and Seizure of Enemy\rProperty......Page 236
Rule 51. Public and Private Property in\rOccupied Territory......Page 239
Rule 52. Pillage......Page 243
Rule 53. Starvation as a Method of Warfare......Page 247
Rule 54. Attacks against Objects Indispensable\rto the Survival of the Civilian\rPopulation......Page 250
Rule 55. Access for Humanitarian Relief to\rCivilians in Need......Page 254
Rule 56. Freedom of Movement of\rHumanitarian Relief Personnel......Page 261
Rule 57. Ruses of War......Page 264
Rule 58. Improper Use of the White Flag\rof Truce......Page 266
Rule 59. Improper Use of the Distinctive\rEmblems of the Geneva Conventions......Page 268
Rule 60. Improper Use of Flags or Military\rEmblems, Insignia or Uniforms of the\rAdversary......Page 271
Rule 61. Improper Use of Other Internationally\rRecognised Emblems......Page 272
Rule 62. Improper Use of Flags or Military\rEmblems, Insignia or Uniforms of the\rAdversary......Page 274
Rule 63. Use of Flags or Military Emblems,\rInsignia or Uniforms of Neutral or\rOther States Not Party to the Conflict......Page 279
Rule 64. Use of Flags or Military Emblems,\rInsignia or Uniforms of Neutral or\rOther States Not Party to the Conflict......Page 280
Rule 65. Perfidy......Page 282
Rule 66. Non-hostile Contacts between the\rParties to the Conflict......Page 288
Rule 67. Inviolability of Parlementaires......Page 290
Rule 68. Precautions while Receiving\rParlementaires......Page 292
Rule 69. Loss of Inviolability of Parlementaires......Page 293
PART IV: WEAPONS......Page 296
Rule 70. Weapons of a Nature to Cause\rSuperfluous Injury or Unnecessary\rSuffering......Page 298
Rule 71. Weapons that Are by Nature\rIndiscriminate......Page 305
Rule 72. Poison......Page 312
chapter 22: NUCLEAR WEAPONS......Page 316
Rule 73. Biological Weapons......Page 317
Rule 74. Chemical Weapons......Page 320
Rule 75. Riot Control Agents......Page 324
Rule 76. Herbicides......Page 326
Rule 77. Expanding Bullets......Page 329
Rule 78. Exploding Bullets......Page 333
Rule 79. Weapons Primarily Injuring by\rNon-detectable Fragments......Page 336
Rule 80. Booby-Traps......Page 339
Rule 81. Restrictions on the Use of Landmines......Page 341
Rule 82. Recording of the Placement of Landmines......Page 344
Rule 83. Removal or Neutralisation of Landmines......Page 346
Rule 84. Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary\rWeapons......Page 348
Rule 85. Use of Incendiary Weapons against\rCombatants......Page 350
Rule 86. Blinding Laser Weapons......Page 353
PART V: TREATMENT OF CIVILIANS AND PERSONS\rHORS DE COMBAT......Page 358
chapter 32: FUNDAMENTAL GUARANTEES......Page 360
Rule 87. Humane Treatment......Page 367
Rule 88. Non-discrimination......Page 369
Rule 89. Murder......Page 372
Rule 90. Torture and Cruel, Inhuman or\rDegrading Treatment......Page 376
Rule 91. Corporal Punishmen......Page 380
Rule 92. Mutilation and Medical, Scientific or\rBiological Experiments......Page 381
Rule 93. Rape and Other Forms of Sexual\rViolence......Page 384
Rule 94. Slavery and the Slave Trade......Page 388
Rule 95. Forced Labour......Page 391
Rule 96. Hostage-Taking......Page 395
Rule 97. Human Shields......Page 398
Rule 98. Enforced Disappearance......Page 401
Rule 99. Deprivation of Liberty......Page 405
Rule 100. Fair Trial Guarantees......Page 413
Rule 101. Principle of Legality......Page 432
Rule 102. Individual Criminal Responsibility......Page 433
Rule 103. Collective Punishments......Page 435
Rule 104. Respect for Convictions and\rReligious Practices......Page 436
Rule 105. Respect for Family Life......Page 440
Rule 106. Conditions for Prisoner-of-War\rStatus......Page 445
Rule 107. Spies......Page 450
Rule 108. Mercenaries......Page 452
Rule 109. Search for, Collection and\rEvacuation of the Wounded, Sick and\rShipwrecked......Page 457
Rule 110. Treatment and Care of the Wounded,\rSick and Shipwrecked......Page 461
Rule 111. Protection of the Wounded, Sick and\rShipwrecked against Ill-treatment\rand Pillage......Page 464
Rule 112. Search for and Collection of the Dead......Page 467
Rule 113. Protection of the Dead against\rDespoliation and Mutilation......Page 470
Rule 114. Return of the Remains and Personal\rEffects of the Dead......Page 472
Rule 115. Disposal of the Dead......Page 475
Rule 116. Identification of the Dead......Page 478
Rule 117. Accounting for Missing Persons......Page 482
Rule 118. Provision of Basic Necessities to Persons Deprived of Their Liberty......Page 489
Rule 120. Accommodation for Children\rDeprived of Their Liberty......Page 492
Rule 121. Location of Internment and\rDetention Centres......Page 496
Rule 122. Pillage of the Personal Belongings of\rPersons Deprived of Their Liberty......Page 498
Rule 123. Recording and Notification of\rPersonal Details of Persons Deprived\rof Their Liberty......Page 500
Rule 124. ICRC Access to Persons Deprived of\rTheir Liberty......Page 503
Rule 125. Correspondence of Persons Deprived\rof Their Liberty......Page 506
Rule 126. Visits to Persons Deprived of Their\rLiberty......Page 509
Rule 127. Respect for Convictions and\rReligious Practices of Persons......Page 510
Rule 128. Release and Return of Persons\rDeprived of Their Liberty......Page 512
Rule 129. Act of Displacement......Page 518
Rule 130. Transfer of Own Civilian Population\rinto Occupied Territory......Page 523
Rule 131. Treatment of Displaced Persons......Page 524
Rule 132. Right of Return of Displaced Persons......Page 529
Rule 133. Property Rights of Displaced Persons......Page 533
Rule 134. Women......Page 536
Rule 135. Children\r......Page 540
Rule 136. Recruitment of Child Soldiers......Page 543
Rule 137. Participation of Children in\rHostilities......Page 546
Rule 138. The elderly, disabled and infirm......Page 550
PART VI: IMPLEMENTATION......Page 554
Rule 139. Respect for International\rHumanitarian Law......Page 556
Rule 140. Reciprocity......Page 559
Rule 141. Legal Advisers for Armed Forces......Page 561
Rule 142. Instruction in International\rHumanitarian Law within Armed\rForces......Page 562
Rule 143. Dissemination of International\rHumanitarian Law among the\rCivilian Population......Page 566
Rule 144. Ensuring Respect for International\rHumanitarian Law Erga Omnes......Page 570
Rule 145. Restrictions on Reprisals......Page 574
Rule 146. Reprisals against Protected Persons......Page 580
Rule 148. Reprisals in Non-international Armed Conflicts......Page 13
Rule 149. Responsibility for Violations of\rInternational Humanitarian Law......Page 591
Rule 150. Reparation......Page 598
Rule 151. Individual Responsibility......Page 612
Rule 152. Command Responsibility for Orders\rto Commit War Crimes......Page 617
Rule 153. Command Responsibility for Failure\rto Prevent, Repress or Report War\rCrimes......Page 619
Rule 154. Obligation to Disobey Unlawful\rSuperior Orders......Page 624
Rule 155. Defence of Superior Orders......Page 626
Rule 156. Definition of War Crimes......Page 629
Rule 157. Universal Jurisdiction over War\rCrimes......Page 665
Rule 158. Obligation to Prosecute War Crimes......Page 668
Rule 159. Amnesty......Page 672
Rule 160. Statutes of Limitation......Page 675
Rule 161. International Cooperation in\rCriminal Proceedings......Page 679
INDEX......Page 683