Current Pediatric Diagnosis & Treatment, 17th Edition (Current Pediatric Diagnosis and Treatment)

Contents......Page 5
Authors......Page 13
Preface......Page 21
Evaluation of the Newborn Infant History......Page 23
Care of the Well Newborn Infant......Page 30
Common Problems in the Term Newborn Infant......Page 33
Neonatal Intensive Care......Page 48
Cardiac Problems in the Newborn Infant......Page 65
Gastrointestinal & Abdominal Surgical Conditions in the Newborn Infant......Page 68
Infections in the Newborn Infant......Page 71
Hematologic Disorders in the Newborn Infant......Page 80
Renal Disorders in the Newborn Infant......Page 83
Neurologic Problems in the Newborn Infant......Page 84
Metabolic Disorders in the Newborn Infant......Page 86
Normal Development......Page 88
Normality & Temperament......Page 107
Common Developmental Concerns......Page 108
Developmental Disorders......Page 115
3. Adolescence......Page 124
Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services......Page 126
Growth & Development......Page 135
Behavior & Psychological Health......Page 137
Breast Disorders......Page 147
Gynecologic Disorders in Adolescence......Page 150
Scope of the Problem......Page 169
Morbidity Associated with Substance Abuse......Page 174
Supplement Use and Abuse......Page 176
Predicting the Progression From Use to Abuse......Page 177
Management of Substance Abuse......Page 178
Treatment & Referral......Page 182
Prevention of Substance Abuse......Page 186
Etiology......Page 187
Diagnosis......Page 188
Complications......Page 192
Treatment......Page 194
Prognosis......Page 197
Psychosocial Aspects of Child Development & Family Life......Page 198
Challenges in Parenting Related to Child & Adolescent Development......Page 201
The Chronically Ill Child......Page 204
Screening for Psychosocial Problems & Psychiatric Disorders Within the Context of Health Maintenance Visits......Page 206
Psychiatric Disorders of Childhood & Adolescence......Page 210
Overview of Pediatric Psychopharmacology......Page 232
Forms of Child Maltreatment......Page 243
Recognition of Abuse & Neglect......Page 244
Prevention of Child Abuse & Neglect......Page 247
Pediatric History......Page 249
Pediatric Physical Examination......Page 250
Health Supervision Visits......Page 252
Other Types of General Pediatric Services......Page 262
Common General Pediatric Issues......Page 266
9. Immunization......Page 270
The Composition of Immunizing Agents......Page 271
Safety of Immunization......Page 272
Vaccinations for Special Situations......Page 298
Passive Prophylaxis......Page 304
Legal Issues in Immunization......Page 305
Nutritional Requirements......Page 306
Infant Feeding......Page 321
Pediatric Undernutrition......Page 326
Advanced Life Support for Infants & Children......Page 339
Approach to the Seriously Ill Child......Page 345
Approach to the Pediatric Trauma Patient......Page 347
Head Injury......Page 351
Burns......Page 353
Hypothermia......Page 356
Submersion Injuries......Page 357
Bites: Animal & Human......Page 358
Anthrax......Page 359
Smallpox......Page 362
Plague......Page 365
Botulinum Toxin......Page 366
12. Poisoning......Page 368
Management of Specific Common Poisonings......Page 372
Acute Respiratory Failure......Page 394
Mechanical Ventilation......Page 399
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome......Page 402
Asthma (Life-Threatening)......Page 406
Shock......Page 408
Indications for Central Venous and Arterial Cannulation......Page 415
Brain Injury/Cerebral Edema......Page 419
Ethical Deliberation and End-of-Life Care in the PICU......Page 423
Nutritional Support of the Critically Ill Child......Page 424
Pain & Anxiety Control......Page 428
General Principles of Treatment of Skin Disorders......Page 433
Disorders of the Skin in Newborns......Page 435
Common Skin Diseases in Infants, Children, & Adolescents......Page 439
Common Nonspecific Signs & Symptoms......Page 454
Refractive Errors......Page 455
Examination......Page 456
Ocular Trauma......Page 460
Injuries to the Eyelids......Page 461
Disorders of the Ocular Structures......Page 463
Disorders of the Nasolacrimal System......Page 465
Diseases of the Conjunctiva......Page 466
Disorders of the Iris......Page 469
Uveitis......Page 470
Disorders of the Cornea......Page 472
Disorders of the Lens......Page 473
Disorders of the Retina......Page 474
Diseases of the Optic Nerve......Page 476
Diseases of the Orbit......Page 478
Amblyopia & Strabismus......Page 479
Vision Screening......Page 482
Oral Examination of the Newborn & Infant......Page 484
Eruption of the Teeth......Page 486
Dental Caries & Periodontal Disease......Page 488
Orofacial Trauma......Page 490
Special Patient Populations......Page 491
Maternal-Fetal Relationship......Page 492
Dental Referral......Page 493
I. The Ear......Page 494
II. The Nose & Paranasal Sinuses......Page 510
III. The Throat & Oral Cavity......Page 516
Growth & Development......Page 528
Diagnostic Aids......Page 529
General Therapy of Pediatric Lung Diseases......Page 532
Disorders of the Conducting Airways......Page 533
Congenital Disorders of the Extrathoracic Airway......Page 534
Acquired Disorders of the Extrathoracic Airway......Page 535
Congenital Disorders of the Intrathoracic Airways......Page 539
Acquired Disorders of the Intrathoracic Airways......Page 540
Congenital Malformations of the Lung......Page 550
Acquired Disorders Involving Alveoli......Page 553
Diseases of the Pulmonary Circulation......Page 566
Disorders of the Chest Wall......Page 570
Disorders of the Pleura & Pleural Cavity......Page 571
Disorders of the Control of Breathing......Page 573
Mediastinum......Page 577
Diagnostic Evaluation......Page 580
Congenital Heart Disease......Page 593
Acquired Heart Disease......Page 621
Cardiac Transplantation......Page 635
Disorders of Rate & Rhythm......Page 637
Gastroesophageal Reflux......Page 647
Achalasia of the Esophagus......Page 648
Hiatal Hernia......Page 649
Peptic Disease......Page 650
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia......Page 651
Congenital Intestinal Atresias & Stenoses......Page 652
Intestinal Malrotation With or Without Volvulus......Page 653
Duplications of the Gastrointestinal Tract......Page 654
Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon (Hirschsprung Disease)......Page 655
Congenital Anorectal Anomalies......Page 656
Peritonitis......Page 657
Acute Appendicitis......Page 658
Intussusception......Page 659
Inguinal Hernia......Page 660
Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract......Page 661
Acute Infectious Diarrhea (Gastroenteritis)......Page 663
Chronic Diarrhea......Page 664
The Malabsorption Syndromes......Page 665
Constipation......Page 672
Gastrointestinal Bleeding......Page 673
Inflammatory Bowel Disease......Page 676
Intrahepatic Cholestasis......Page 682
Extrahepatic Neonatal Cholestasis......Page 690
Other Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemic Conditions (Noncholestatic Nonhemolytic)......Page 692
Hepatitis A......Page 695
Hepatitis B......Page 697
Hepatitis C......Page 699
Other Hepatitis Viruses......Page 700
Fulminant Hepatic Failure (Acute Massive Hepatic Necrosis, Acute Liver Failure)......Page 701
Autoimmune Hepatitis (Lupoid Hepatitis)......Page 702
α[sub(1)]-Antitrypsin Deficiency Liver Disease......Page 704
Wilson Disease (Hepatolenticular Degeneration)......Page 705
Reye Syndrome (Encephalopathy with Fatty Degeneration of the Viscera)......Page 707
Cirrhosis......Page 708
Portal Hypertension......Page 710
Biliary Tract Disease......Page 715
Pyogenic & Amebic Liver Abscess......Page 717
Hepatoma......Page 719
Liver Transplantation......Page 720
Acute Pancreatitis......Page 721
Chronic Pancreatitis......Page 722
Syndromes with Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency......Page 723
Isolated Exocrine Pancreatic Enzyme Defect......Page 727
Pancreatic Tumors......Page 728
Evaluation of the Kidney & Urinary Tract......Page 729
Congenital Anomalies of the Urinary Tract......Page 733
Hematuria & Glomerular Disease......Page 734
Diseases of the Renal Vessels......Page 738
Renal Failure......Page 740
Inherited or Developmental Defects of the Urinary Tract......Page 747
Urinary Tract Infections......Page 751
Neurologic Assessment & Neurodiagnostic Procedures......Page 754
Disorders Affecting the Nervous System in Infants & Children......Page 761
Infections & Inflammatory Disorders of the Central Nervous System......Page 808
Disorders of Childhood Affecting Muscles......Page 816
Miscellaneous Neuromuscular Disorders......Page 827
Disturbances of Prenatal Origin......Page 832
Growth Disturbances of the Musculoskeletal System......Page 836
Degenerative Problems (Arthritis, Bursitis, & Tenosynovitis)......Page 839
Trauma......Page 840
Infections of the Bones & Joints......Page 843
Miscellaneous Diseases of Bone......Page 849
Basic Principles......Page 851
Common Sports Medicine Issues and Injuries......Page 856
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (Juvenile Chronic Arthritis)......Page 868
Spondyloarthropathy......Page 870
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus......Page 871
Dermatomyositis (Polymyositis)......Page 873
Raynaud Phenomenon......Page 874
Hypermobility Syndrome......Page 875
Bone Marrow Failure......Page 877
Anemias......Page 880
Polycythemia & Methemoglobinemia......Page 901
Disorders of Leukocytes......Page 902
Bleeding Disorders......Page 907
Thrombotic Disorders......Page 920
Transfusion Medicine......Page 922
Major Pediatric Neoplastic Diseases......Page 933
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation......Page 961
Late Effects of Pediatric Cancer Therapy......Page 963
Nonspecific Factors in Resistance to Infection......Page 966
Deficiencies of Specific Immunity......Page 968
Combined Immunodeficiency Disorders......Page 974
Other Disorders Associated with Immunodeficiency......Page 976
Secondary Immunodeficiency......Page 978
Investigation of Immunodeficiency......Page 980
General Concepts......Page 983
Disturbances of Growth......Page 985
The Posterior Pituitary Gland......Page 993
The Thyroid Gland......Page 995
Disorders of Calcium Homeostasis......Page 1001
The Gonads (Ovaries & Testes)......Page 1009
Adrenal Cortex......Page 1017
Etiology......Page 1028
Treatment......Page 1029
Laboratory Evaluations......Page 1032
Acute Complications......Page 1033
Chronic Complications......Page 1035
Diagnosis......Page 1036
Newborn Screening......Page 1040
Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism......Page 1041
Primary Lactic Acidemias & Other Disorders of Energy Metabolism......Page 1043
Disorders of Amino Acid Metabolism......Page 1044
Organic Acidemias......Page 1049
Disorders of Fatty Acid Oxidation & Carnitine......Page 1052
Peroxisomal Diseases......Page 1055
Smith—Lemli—Opitz Syndrome and Disorders of Cholesterol Synthesis......Page 1058
Disorders of Neurotransmitter Metabolism......Page 1059
Foundations of Genetic Diagnosis......Page 1061
Principles of Inherited Human Disorders......Page 1070
Dysmorphology and Human Embryology......Page 1078
Chromosomal Disorders: Abnormal Number......Page 1083
Sex Chromosomes......Page 1084
Chromosomal Abnormalities: Structural......Page 1085
Mendelian Disorders......Page 1086
Nonmendelian Inheritance......Page 1091
Multifactorial Inheritance......Page 1093
Common Recognizable Disorders with Variable or Unknown Cause......Page 1096
Perinatal Genetics......Page 1098
Evaluation of the Developmentally Delayed Child......Page 1100
Asthma......Page 1102
Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis......Page 1113
Atopic Dermatitis......Page 1116
Urticaria & Angioedema......Page 1120
Anaphylaxis......Page 1122
Adverse Reactions to Drugs & Biologicals......Page 1124
Food Allergy......Page 1129
Insect Allergy......Page 1130
Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy......Page 1132
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing......Page 1133
Alteration of Dose & Measurement of Blood Levels......Page 1135
Prophylactic Antimicrobial Agents......Page 1141
Initial Empiric Antimicrobial Choices for Selected Conditions......Page 1143
Specific Antimicrobial Agents......Page 1144
Respiratory Infections......Page 1152
Infections Due to Enteroviruses......Page 1164
Infections Due to Herpesviruses......Page 1168
Viral Infections Spread by Insect Vectors......Page 1179
Other Major Viral Childhood Exanthems......Page 1184
Infections Due to Other Viruses......Page 1188
II. Rickettsial Infections......Page 1192
Mode of Transmission......Page 1196
Pathogenesis......Page 1197
Clinical Findings......Page 1198
Differential Diagnosis......Page 1200
Treatment......Page 1201
Public Health Issues......Page 1206
Conclusion......Page 1207
I. Bacterial Infections......Page 1208
II. Spirochetal Infections......Page 1263
I. Infections: Parasitic......Page 1272
Protozoal Infections......Page 1275
Metazoal Infections......Page 1289
II. Infections: Mycotic......Page 1297
40. Sexually Transmitted Infections......Page 1312
The Most Common Antibiotic-Responsive Sexually Transmitted Infections......Page 1314
The Spectrum of Sexually Transmitted Infections......Page 1321
Evaluation of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Sexual Abuse and Assault......Page 1331
Developing a Pediatric Drug Regimen......Page 1333
Preventing Medication Errors......Page 1339
Sources of Pediatric Drug Information......Page 1341
Regulation of Body Fluids, Electrolytes, & Tonicity......Page 1342
Acid—Base Balance......Page 1344
Dehydration......Page 1345
Hyponatremia......Page 1347
Potassium Disorders......Page 1348
Metabolic Acidosis......Page 1349
Respiratory Alkalosis......Page 1350
Continuing Medical Education......Page 1352
Clinical Support......Page 1355
Patient Education......Page 1359
Interpretation of Laboratory Values......Page 1361
Laboratory Values......Page 1362
A......Page 1375
B......Page 1383
C......Page 1386
D......Page 1396
E......Page 1401
F......Page 1405
G......Page 1408
H......Page 1411
I......Page 1416
K......Page 1422
L......Page 1423
M......Page 1426
N......Page 1431
O......Page 1434
P......Page 1437
Q......Page 1444
R......Page 1445
S......Page 1448
T......Page 1454
U......Page 1458
V......Page 1459
W......Page 1461
Z......Page 1462