Cultural contestation in ethnic conflict

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 5
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Contents......Page 11
Figures......Page 12
Preface......Page 15
1 Introduction: easy questions and hard answers, what are they fighting about?......Page 23
Northern Ireland......Page 27
Catalonia......Page 31
What are ethnic conflicts about?......Page 35
Why does each party offer such different accounts of the same conflict?......Page 37
Why should we study contested cultural expressions?......Page 38
Culture......Page 39
Conflict and identity......Page 44
Culture, identity, and conflict mitigation......Page 48
What psychocultural analyses can and can't answer......Page 49
Plan of the book......Page 50
Introduction......Page 52
Psychocultural narratives......Page 53
Past events as metaphors and lessons......Page 54
Narratives as collective memories......Page 56
Selectivity......Page 58
Fears and threats to identity......Page 59
In-group conformity and externalization of responsibility......Page 60
Multiple within-group narratives......Page 61
Evolution of narratives......Page 62
Enactment of narratives......Page 63
Narratives as reflectors, exacerbaters or inhibiters, and causes of conflict......Page 64
Narratives and peacemaking......Page 66
Competing narratives in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict......Page 70
Israel-Palestine: an illustration......Page 71
The Israeli-Jewish narrative......Page 72
The Palestinian narrative......Page 78
Conclusion: competing narratives......Page 82
Introduction......Page 85
Ritual......Page 88
Festivals......Page 94
Pilgrimage......Page 96
Ayodhya......Page 98
Psychocultural dramas......Page 101
Ritual acknowledgment and reconciliation......Page 104
Conclusion......Page 107
Introduction......Page 110
Background to the conflict......Page 113
Catholic narrative......Page 117
Protestant narrative......Page 119
Divergent narratives......Page 121
Parades disputes as psychocultural dramas......Page 123
Portadown: ritual stalemate......Page 133
Derry/Londonderry: ritual redefinition......Page 139
Conclusion......Page 143
Introduction......Page 149
Language, conflict escalation, and containment......Page 154
Language and Québec nationalism......Page 156
"Language normalization" and identity in Catalonia......Page 158
Catalan distinctiveness and the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games: a psychocultural drama over symbolic displays......Page 167
Conclusion......Page 173
Introduction......Page 176
Identity and sacred sites......Page 183
Archeology, claim-making, and mutual denial......Page 186
Muslim-Jewish conflict over Jerusalem's holy sites......Page 191
Exclusive claims and mutual denial......Page 204
Conclusion: psychocultural dramas and holy sites......Page 207
Introduction......Page 213
Nation states, national narratives, and minorities......Page 219
National minorities versus immigrant minorities......Page 224
Le Foulard, everyday forms of resistance and identity......Page 226
L'affaire du foulard: 1989......Page 227
Take 2: 1990s......Page 230
Renewed intensity: 2001-04......Page 232
Conclusion: competing images of French identity......Page 239
8 The politics of memory and memorialization in post-apartheid South Africa......Page 246
Heritage sites and the South African transition......Page 250
The vision of the new South Africa......Page 251
Symbolizing the vision......Page 253
Appropriation......Page 255
Modification......Page 256
The Afrikaner historical narrative and the Voortrekker Monument......Page 258
Conclusion......Page 268
9 Enlarging South Africa's symbolic landscape......Page 273
Strategies for linking memory and politics......Page 278
Blood River/Ncome......Page 282
Robben Island......Page 286
District Six Museum......Page 290
Conclusion......Page 298
10 Flags, heroes, and statues: inclusive versus exclusive identity markers in the American South......Page 302
Flags and emblems as sources of division and conflict......Page 306
Confederate battle flag controversies......Page 308
South Carolina......Page 313
Georgia......Page 316
Toward greater inclusivity......Page 317
Monuments: Lincoln in Richmond......Page 318
The Lee mural controversy......Page 321
Bridge renaming......Page 322
Lincoln's second visit to Richmond......Page 323
Conclusion: moving toward inclusivity......Page 327
Introduction......Page 334
Reiteration of the main argument......Page 337
The paradox of inclusiveness......Page 340
Using inclusiveness to facilitate and express reconciliation......Page 342
Language......Page 344
Holidays and ceremonies......Page 345
Symbolic landscape......Page 346
Conclusion: leveraging cultural enactments and expressions......Page 347
References......Page 351
Index......Page 372