Covid-19 and Vaccine Nationalism: Managing the Politics of Global Pandemics

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Covid-19 and Vaccine Nationalism
COVID-19 AND VACCINE NATIONALISM: MANAGING THE POLITICS OF GLOBAL PANDEMICS
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Contents
Preface
1 - COVID-19 and vaccine nationalism: managing the politics of global pandemics, an introduction
	Politics, past and present forms of nationalism: defining vaccine nationalism
	Focus on contexts of nationalism: an overview
	Ideology and theory of nationalism
	Categories of nationalism and vaccine nationalism
		Highlighting on economic nationalism
	COVID-19 crisis and big picture frameworks
		Systems approach, markets, and global vaccine governance
	Market failure and COVAX
		Vaccine nationalism and tiered global citizenships
	Governance and responsibility within the global system
	National interest and self-preservation?
	Interdisciplinary focus and multiple methodological strategies
		Recapitulation of plausible conceptual operational and non–state actor approaches
		Summing up the approaches argument
		Settling on the social justice and fairness frame
		Book chapter layout
	Conclusion
	References
2 - COVID-19 vaccine concerns: an overview on how nations got here
	COVID19: the messy numbers problem
	Tracking disease, national origins, and early therapeutics
		Bats versus labs: the two competing theories of the origin of coronavirus
	Global pandemic and other immediate mitigation solutions
	Essential medicines and treatments
		Vaccine heterogeneity and SARS-CoV-2
		Africa participated in COVID-19 vaccine trials and the need for benefit sharing
		Promising impactful mRNA vaccines research
		Multilateral international organization concerns and pleas for vaccines
		Africa: developing countries appeal for help, self-reliance, and solidarity
		National pride and Iran's campaign against vaccine apartheid
		Cuba and vaccine sovereignty
		Russia and the new Sputnik moment
		Russia's vaccine diplomacy and tool of engagement or war over vaccines
		Israel, vaccines, and the triumph of ultranationalism
		Vaccines, workplace, and societies—everyday living experiences
		Vaccine passports and cards
		Of billionaires, vaccine T-shirts, and merchandise
	Conclusion
	References
3 - American politics and global COVID-19 vaccinations
	Vaccines: historical antecedents and triumph of science
	Comparative vaccine research, regulation, and rollout
	Benefits and risks
		COVID-19 vaccine presidential election politics
	Challenge of political COVID-19 vaccine messaging
	Global collaborations: GAVI and COVAX
	Patent rights
	Influenza and global collaborations and controversies
	American nationalism as explanatory factor in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy
	Tuskegee and black bodies
	Republicans, evangelicals, white Christian nationalists, and vaccines
		Religious faction resistance to vaccine is not a new thing
		Operation Warp Speed paradox
		Array of renewed hope as Biden takes over
		Vaccination month of action and incentives for vaccinations
	American states and vaccine lotteries
	Presidential leadership matters
		COVAX support, hoarding of vaccines as an act of nationalism, or the arsenal of vaccines?
		Surplus vaccines, children vaccinations, and accusations of selfishness and national defense
	Conclusion
	References
	Further reading
4 - China's nationalism and COVID-19 vaccines
	Defining China's nationalism and historical perspectives
		Ancient cohesive China
	Self-determination and how is China's nationalism imagined
	Sun Yat-sen: the father of modern Chinese nationalism
		A strong and confident China and western power anxiety
	China's nationalism and the external factor viewed through COVID-19 vaccines production
	Taiwan
	China's COVID-19 vaccines and triumph of China's technologies
	China's national rejuvenation and the lingering question of prejudice
	Africans in China and COVID-19
	Vaccine diplomacy and campaigns to promote China's vaccines
	Economic vaccine nationalism, protectionism, bilateralism, and governance
	Two-part strategy
		Vaccine hesitancy and outreach and Zero-COVID administration
	Conclusion
	References
5 - Fragmented COVID-19 vaccine nationalism and politics in the EU and the UK
	The European Union and global power
	Restless European nationalism and citizenship
	History and governance of the EU
		National norms and politics and COVID-19 challenges
		EU COVID-19 vaccination strategy
		EU's views on China and Russia's vaccines
		Individual implementations in a few countries/nations
		Vaccine passports and protests in Western Europe
		Britain's AstraZeneca's rollout and the contours of European vaccine diplomacy
		Traveling to and from Britain
		Touting success: vaccines and Brexit, and Scottish nationalism and rejection of vaccine nationalism
	Throwing away unused vaccines: “we reject vaccine nationalism?”
	Donating vaccines
	Conclusion
	References
6 - COVID-19 vaccine politics: India's nationalism and global supplies
	Nationalism and the colonial past
	“China Virus” as reference point for nationalistic rhetoric
		The vaccine challenge and an emergent global race
	Self-reliant myth and message of hope: Serum Institute and National Pride
	Jawaharlal Nehru's nationalist vaccine charge
		Mounting political pressure and preventable death: the COVID-19 wave of May 2021
	India's alleged vaccine nationalism and diplomacy
	Expanding vaccinations
	Did Modi's government learn from previous mistakes?
	International and domestic setbacks
		Vaccine hesitancy and corruption
	Antecedents to vaccine resistance and vaccine boosters
		Vaccine Maitri or Vaccine Friendship Program
		Blaming China, assumptions of vaccine nationalism, and fault lines
	Conclusion
	References
7 - The United Nations call to end vaccine nationalism
	Strands of vaccine politics
	Policy experts say no to vaccine nationalism
	UN members and the politics of vaccine apartheid
		The United Nations General Assembly vaccine nationalism
		Human rights framing: Africa and vaccine apartheid
	Big power supremacy battles
	Triumph of corporate power and pandemics
	The COVID-19 vaccine access challenges through the lenses of World Leader's UN Meeting
	Biden's promise: arsenal of vaccines
	Global COVID-19 summit: Building Back Better
	Africans reiterate their concerns and share their policy implementation outlooks
	Caribbean and small islands policy positions at the UN General Assembly
		Voices from Europe on vaccine equity
	Omicron and more COVID-19 and the 2nd global COVID-19 vaccine summit
	Conclusion
	References
8 - Reflections on vaccine nationalism and global inequalities
	Pandemics are global, but they don't affect everyone equally
		First and second booster vaccine doses as a form of inequality?
		Science is cumulative: lessons from AIDS and other diseases
	A recapitulation of collaborations and partnerships
	The World Bank and WHO and international opposition to vaccine nationalism
		Voices from senior statesmen and experts
	The troubled nature of global vaccine management
	Hesitancy, maladministration, and the politics of misinformation and disinformation
	Capitalism Matters: Big Pharma Profits
		Vaccine tourism as another potential counter argument against vaccine nationalism?
	Africans destroy vaccines
	Vaccine inequalities, digital divides, and scheduling appointments
	Vaccine efficacy ranking grades and hierarchies
	Rich but left out of vaccine nationalism narrative
	A convoluted concept
	Problem framing
	Pfizer's FDA Full Approval
	Political will and vaccine donations
	Third shots versus equity and global solidarity
		Settling third shot debate in the United States and conversations for fourth shot
		Sharing technology
	Conclusion
	References
9 - Moving forward beyond politics of COVID-19 vaccines development
	Strengthening international institutional capacity
	Increased funding
	Establishment of permanent locus of collaboration and strategic reserves within developing areas
	Collaboration of vaccine productions and genome sequencing
	Trust and involvement of grassroot organizations and improve health and vaccine education
	Leadership and transparency
	Ambassadors for global mutual support systems in pandemic responses
	Strengthen nonprofits philanthropic interventions
	Corporate social responsibility and cessation of vaccine nationalism
	Final remarks and conclusions
	References
Index
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