Contesting Citizenship in Latin America: The Rise of Indigenous Movements and the Postliberal Challenge

Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 3
Series-Title......Page 5
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Dedication......Page 9
Contents......Page 11
List of Tables......Page 13
Acknowledgments......Page 15
List of Acronyms......Page 21
Part I Theoretical Framing......Page 25
1 Questions, Approaches, and Cases......Page 27
A Meso-Level Approach: National Projects, the Reach of the State, and Unintended Consequences......Page 29
Primordialism......Page 33
Instrumentalism......Page 35
Poststructuralism......Page 37
Structural Conditions of Poverty and Inequality......Page 38
Globalization......Page 39
The Cases and Research Design......Page 43
Plan of Book......Page 53
2 Citizenship Regimes, the State, and Ethnic Cleavages......Page 55
Who Can Be a Citizen? Drawing Boundaries......Page 59
How Do Citizens Relate to States? Different Forms of Interest Intermediation......Page 66
What Does Citizenship Entail\'? Content and Marshall\'s Trilogy of Rights......Page 69
Citizenship Regimes......Page 71
Concluding with Social Cleavages and the State......Page 73
3 The Argument......Page 78
The Motive: Changing Citizenship Regimes, States, and Autonomy......Page 79
Corporatist Citizenship Regimes and Local Autonomy......Page 81
Shifting Citizenship Regimes and Challenging Local Autonomy......Page 89
The Capacity: Transcommunity Networks......Page 95
The Political Opportunity: Political Associational Space......Page 99
Concluding with Second-Generation Movements: Learning, Modularity, and Strategy......Page 104
Part II The Cases......Page 107
4 Ecuador......Page 109
Part I: The Ecuadorian Andes and  ECUARUNARI......Page 111
Corporatist Citizenship Regimes and Carving out Local Autonomy......Page 112
The Erosion of Corporatist Citizenship Regimes: Between Promise and Practice......Page 121
Transcommunity Networks and Political Associational Space......Page 123
Forming the Regional Andean Federation......Page 130
Part II: The Ecuadorian Amazon and CONFENAIE......Page 133
At a Distance: Relative Autonomy......Page 134
The Motive: Challenging Local Autonomy......Page 136
Mobilizing Networks......Page 141
Forming Local Federations......Page 142
Forming the Regional Federation......Page 152
Part III: Forming the National Confederation, CONAIE......Page 154
Neoliberal Citizenship Regimes: Extending Political Rights, Retracting Social Ones......Page 158
Political Associational Space through Political Liberalization......Page 164
Taking Center Stage......Page 168
Conclusion......Page 174
5 Bolivia......Page 176
Part I: The Bolivian Andes: The Kataristas and Their Legacy......Page 178
The Corporatist Citizenship Regime: National Federations, Local Autonomy......Page 179
Erosion of the Corporatist Citizenship Regime: Take I......Page 187
Building the Katarista Networks in the City: Schools and Unions......Page 191
Degrees of Political Associational Space and Movement Emergence......Page 195
Second-Generation Movements......Page 205
From Local to Local: Defending Autonomy in the Andes......Page 213
Part II: The Bolivian Amazon and CIDOB......Page 214
At a Distance: Relative Political Autonomy......Page 215
The Motive, Space, and Networks......Page 217
Confederacion de Indígenas del Oriente, Chaco y Amazonía de Bolivia (CIDOB)......Page 222
The Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni......Page 228
Regional Efforts to Demand Territorial Autonomy and Inclusion......Page 239
Conclusion: The Vagaries of Democracy......Page 242
6 Peru......Page 248
Part I: Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia: Most Similar Cases......Page 249
The Corporatist Citizenship Regime......Page 252
The Neoliberal Citizenship Regime......Page 259
Part II: No National Indigenous Movements: Explaining the Peruvian Anomaly......Page 264
Revisiting Peru\'s Corporatist Citizenship Regime......Page 265
The Civil War: Destroying Political Associational Space and Transcommunity Networks......Page 270
The Amazon......Page 274
Puno......Page 291
Conclusion......Page 301
Part III  Conclusion......Page 303
7 Democracy and the Postliberal Challenge in Latin America......Page 305
Restating the Argument......Page 306
The Postliberal Challenge......Page 309
Challenging Homogeneous Units of Representation: Advancing Multiple Modes of Interest Intermediation......Page 314
Challenging Homogeneous and Unitary States: The Where(withal) of Political Authority......Page 317
The Democratic/Electoral Challenge: The Siren\'s Call?......Page 324
Concluding with Democracy......Page 330
Bibliography......Page 333
Index......Page 375