Contending Voices, Volume I: To 1877, 3rd Edition

Cover Page......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
PREFACE......Page 11
1 The Cross and the Sword in Spain’s New World: Bartolomé de Las Casas and Hernán Cortés......Page 15
“THE INDIANS HAVE SLAIN LAS CASAS!”......Page 16
“A VAST MULTITUDE OF CORPSES”......Page 20
A “TYRANNICAL PESTILENCE”......Page 23
SOURCE 1: Cortés Describes the Aztecs (1519, 1520)......Page 25
SOURCE 2: An Aztec View of the Temple Massacre (ca. 1550)......Page 27
SOURCE 3: Cortés Defends Encomiendas (1522)......Page 28
SOURCE 4: Las Casas Attacks Conversion by Conquest (1537)......Page 29
SOURCE 5: Las Casas Attacks Encomiendas (1542)......Page 30
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 31
2 Revolt on the Virginia Frontier: Nathaniel Bacon and William Berkeley......Page 32
“AMBITIOUS AND ARROGANT”......Page 33
“A SAD DILEMMA”......Page 35
“SO GLORIOUS A CAUSE”......Page 38
“THAT NAKED COUNTRY”......Page 40
SOURCE 1: Frontier Planters Appeal to Governor William Berkeley (Spring 1676)......Page 42
SOURCE 2: William Berkeley, “Declaration and Remonstrance” (May 1676)......Page 43
SOURCE 4: Bacon’s Manifesto (July 1676)......Page 44
SOURCE 5: Grievances Submitted to the King’s Commissioners (1677)......Page 45
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 46
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 47
3 Enthusiasm, Authority, and the Great Awakening: James Davenport and Charles Chauncy......Page 48
“OUR RELIGION RUNS LOW”......Page 49
“THE DEVIL INCARNATE”......Page 52
“FREAKS OF MADNESS”......Page 54
“STRUTT ABOUT BARE-ARSED”......Page 56
THE REVOLUTION’S “ILLUSTRIOUS AGENT”......Page 57
SOURCE 1: “A Song of Praise” (1742)......Page 58
SOURCE 2: Charles Chauncy, Enthusiasm Described and Caution’d Against (1742)......Page 59
SOURCE 3: “A Report on Religious Excess at New London” (1743)......Page 61
SOURCE 4: James Davenport, Confession and Retractions (1744)......Page 62
SOURCE 5: Charles Chauncy, Seasonable Thoughts on the State of Religion in New-England (1743)......Page 63
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 64
4 The Price of Patriotism: Jonathan Sewall and John Adams......Page 65
“A BRILLIANT IMAGINATION”......Page 66
“JUST GETTING UNDER SAIL”......Page 67
“RENDERED HIMSELF QUITE SUBSERVIENT”......Page 69
“ATLAS OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE”......Page 71
“UNGRATEFUL SONS OF BITCHES”......Page 72
“AS ARDENT AN AMERICAN … AS I”......Page 74
SOURCE 1: “Instructions of the Town of Braintree to the Representative” (1765)......Page 75
SOURCE 2: Jonathan Sewall Offers a Defense of British Authority (1771)......Page 76
SOURCE 3: Jonathan Sewall on the Revolutionary Threat (1775)......Page 77
SOURCE 4: John Adams, “Novanglus” (1775)......Page 78
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 79
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 80
5 The Conflict over the Constitution: Patrick Henry and James Madison......Page 81
“I SPEAK THE LANGUAGE OF THOUSANDS”......Page 82
“TO CONTROL THE GOVERNED”......Page 85
“OVERPOWERED IN A GOOD CAUSE”......Page 87
SOURCE 1: Mercy Otis Warren, “Observations on the New Constitution” (1788)......Page 90
SOURCE 2: James Madison, “The Federalist No. 10” (1788)......Page 91
SOURCE 3: Patrick Henry, Speech to the Virginia Convention ( June 4, 1788)......Page 92
SOURCE 4: Patrick Henry, Speech to the Virginia Convention ( June 5, 1788)......Page 93
SOURCE 5: James Madison, “The Federalist No. 39” (1788)......Page 94
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 96
6 Political Conflict in the Early Republic: Benjamin Franklin Bache and Alexander Hamilton......Page 97
“I RISE TO BE USEFUL”......Page 98
“BASTARD BRAT”......Page 100
“SHAMELESS FALSEHOODS”......Page 104
SOURCE 1: Alexander Hamilton, “To the People of the United States” (1794)......Page 107
SOURCE 2: Benjamin Bache on Hamilton and the Whiskey Rebellion (1794)......Page 109
SOURCE 3: Alexander Hamilton, “The French Revolution” (1794)......Page 110
SOURCE 4: Resolutions of the Pennsylvania Democratic Society (1794)......Page 111
SOURCE 5: Hamilton Defends Jay’s Treaty (1795)......Page 112
SOURCE 6: Benjamin Bache Assaults Jay’s Treaty (1795......Page 114
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 115
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 116
7 Resistance and Western Expansion: Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison......Page 117
“PANTHER PASSING ACROSS”......Page 118
“A MOST DESIRABLE OBJECT”......Page 120
“THE OPEN DOOR”......Page 121
SOURCE 1: Thomas Jefferson, Letter to William Henry Harrison(1803)......Page 125
SOURCE 2: William Henry Harrison, Letter to William Eustis, Secretary of War (1809)......Page 126
SOURCE 4: Tecumseh, Speech to Harrison at Vincennes (1810)......Page 127
SOURCE 5: Tecumseh, “Sleep Not Longer, O Choctaws and Chickasaws” (1811)......Page 128
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 129
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 130
8 The Fruits of the Factory System: Sarah Bagley and Nathan Appleton......Page 131
“LIKE THE SETTING AT AN OPERA”......Page 132
“DOOMED TO ETERNAL SLAVERY”......Page 136
“HIGH PRICED, … INTELLIGENT LABOR”......Page 139
“FOR THE HAPPINESS OF OUR COUNTRY”......Page 141
SOURCE 1: Nathan Appleton, “The Introduction of the Power Loom, and Origin of Lowell” (1858)......Page 142
SOURCE 2: Regulations of the Appleton Company (1833)......Page 143
SOURCE 3: Sarah Bagley, “The Pleasures of Factory Life” (1840)......Page 144
SOURCE 5: Nathan Appleton, “Labor, Its Relations, in Europe and the United States, Compared” (1844......Page 145
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 146
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 147
9 Politics, Morality, and Race in the Abolitionist Crusade: William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass......Page 148
“I WILL BE HEARD”......Page 149
“ I BECAME MY OWN MASTER”......Page 153
“AN AGREEMENT WITH HELL”......Page 156
“THIS FOURTH [OF] JULY IS YOURS, NOT MINE”......Page 158
SOURCE 1: Detail of Liberator Masthead (1831)......Page 159
SOURCE 2: Garrison Announces His New Reform Policy (1837)......Page 160
SOURCE 3: Douglass Recounts His Life as a Slave (1845)......Page 161
SOURCE 4: Garrison Announces “No Union with Slaveholders” (1844)......Page 162
SOURCE 5: Frederick Douglass Responds to William Lloyd Garrison (1853)......Page 163
SOURCE 6: Frederick Douglass, “The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro” (1852)......Page 164
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 165
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 166
10 The Feminine Sphere in Antebellum Society: Catharine Beecher and Elizabeth Cady Stanton......Page 167
“THE SUBORDINATE STATION”......Page 169
“ABSOLUTE TYRANNY OVER HER”......Page 172
“YOU CAN DO EVERY ONE OF YOUR DUTIES”......Page 177
SOURCE 1: “Differences Between the Sexes” (1835)......Page 179
SOURCE 2: Catharine Beecher on Women’s Proper Place (1837)......Page 180
SOURCE 3: Catharine Beecher, A Treatise on Domestic Economy (1841)......Page 182
SOURCE 4: Elizabeth Cady Stanton Addresses the Seneca Falls Convention (1848)......Page 183
SOURCE 5: Elizabeth Cady Stanton Answers the Critics of Woman’s Rights (1848)......Page 184
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 185
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 186
11 Manifest Destiny and Conquest: Thomas Larkin and Juan Bautista Alvarado......Page 187
“VIVA LA LIBERTAD!”......Page 189
“WE MUST HAVE IT, OTHERS MUST NOT”......Page 191
“HALCYON DAYS THEY WERE”......Page 195
SOURCE 1: Richard Henry Dana Assesses the Californios (1840)......Page 197
SOURCE 2: Thomas Larkin on the Situation in California (1845)......Page 198
SOURCE 3: Juan Bautista Alvarado on the Conquest of California (1876)......Page 199
SOURCE 4: Vigilante Justice in Los Angeles (1857)......Page 200
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 201
12 The South and the Slavery Debate: Hinton Rowan Helper and George Fitzhugh......Page 203
“THE FREEST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD”......Page 204
“SUNK … IN GALLING POVERTY AND IGNORANCE”......Page 207
“PURPOSELY KEPT … IN IGNORANCE”......Page 210
SOURCE 1: George Fitzhugh, Slavery Justified (1850)......Page 212
SOURCE 2: George Fitzhugh, Cannibals All! (1857)......Page 213
SOURCE 3: Hinton Rowan Helper on Chinese Immigrants (1855)......Page 215
SOURCE 4: Hinton Rowan Helper, The Impending Crisis of the South (1857)......Page 216
SOURCE 5: Emily Burke, Reminiscences of Georgia (1850)......Page 217
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 219
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 220
13 Yankees and “Border Ruffians” in “Bleeding Kansas”: Sara Robinson and David Atchison......Page 221
“COMPELLED TO SHOOT, BURN & HANG”......Page 223
“HOMESTEAD OF THE FREE!”......Page 225
“WHITE SLAVES”......Page 228
“BLOW THEM TO HELL WITH A CHUNK OF COLD LEAD”......Page 230
SOURCE 1: John C. Calhoun, “Address to the People of the Southern States” (1849)......Page 232
SOURCE 2: Report of the Committee to Investigate the Troubles in Kansas (1856)......Page 233
SOURCE 3: Sara Robinson on “Bleeding Kansas” (1856)......Page 234
SOURCE 4: Sara Robinson on the “Sack” of Lawrence (1856)......Page 235
SOURCE 5: David Atchison on the “Abolitionist” Threat (1856)......Page 236
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 237
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 238
14 Mr. Lincoln’s War: Clement Vallandigham and Benjamin Wade......Page 239
“VALIANT VAL”......Page 240
“BLUFF BEN”......Page 243
“EXACT AND EQUAL JUSTICE”......Page 246
SOURCE 1: Benjamin Wade Assaults a Southern Colleague (1854)......Page 249
SOURCE 2: Abraham Lincoln, Letter to Horace Greeley (1862)......Page 250
SOURCE 3: Benjamin Wade and Henry Davis, The Wade-Davis Manifesto (1864)......Page 251
SOURCE 4: Clement Vallandigham, “The Great Civil War in America” (1863)......Page 252
SOURCE 5: Clement Vallandigham Attacks Benjamin Wade (1862)......Page 253
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 254
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 255
15 Race and Redemption in the Reconstructed South: Robert Smalls and Wade Hampton......Page 256
“THE SMARTEST CULLUD MAN”......Page 257
“A HORDE OF BARBARIANS”......Page 259
“MASSACRED IN COLD BLOOD”......Page 263
“NOTHING MORE TO DO WITH HIM”......Page 266
SOURCE 1: Zion Presbyterian Church, “Memorial to the Senate and House of Representatives” (1865)......Page 268
SOURCE 2: Wade Hampton Protests to the President (1866)......Page 269
SOURCE 3: A Northerner Assesses Southern Attitudes (1866)......Page 271
SOURCE 4: Wade Hampton Testifies before a Congressional Committee (1871)......Page 273
SOURCE 5: Representative Robert Smalls Protests the Withdrawal of Federal Troops (1876)......Page 277
SOURCE 6: Instructions to Red Shirts (1876)......Page 279
QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER......Page 280
FOR FURTHER READING......Page 281