Contemporary Latin America: Development and Democracy beyond the Washington Consensus

Cover
......Page 1
About the author......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
Introduction......Page 8
What was the Washington Consensus?......Page 16
The historical roots of the free market reformation......Page 21
Democratization, economic crisis and economic reform......Page 24
Political order, economic crises and the new economic narrative......Page 29
Conclusion......Page 36
The power of international financial institutions......Page 38
The changing role of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund......Page 40
Imposition, persuasion and consent......Page 43
The limits and impact of the IMF’s and the WB’s policy prescriptions......Page 51
Conclusion......Page 56
3 | The ascent of free market economics: an economic reformation with popular support?......Page 58
Presidential mandates and the politics of reform......Page 59
The institutional underpinnings of free market reforms......Page 62
The role of interests in processes of reform......Page 65
Sources of popular support for the reforms......Page 70
New relations between the state and society......Page 73
Conclusion......Page 78
4 | Democracy and its promises......Page 80
The rebirth of democracy......Page 82
The new democratic compact......Page 85
Civil society, political parties, the left and the return to democracy......Page 89
The new liberal democratic culture......Page 93
The underside of democracy......Page 96
Conclusions......Page 103
Democracy, conflict and accommodation......Page 105
The weakening of contestation from below......Page 109
The mediating role of political institutions......Page 115
Conclusions......Page 124
The Miami consensus and the Tequila crisis......Page 128
The Washington Consensus reassessed: the view from within......Page 131
The social question and the halt in economic growth......Page 136
The case of Argentina......Page 140
The blame game......Page 143
Conclusions......Page 147
7 | The opening of a paradigm: growth, equity and democracy......Page 149
A changing paradigm......Page 150
The intellectual roots of the PWC......Page 152
The World Bank’s and the International Monetary Fund’s new approaches to development......Page 155
New wine in old bottles?......Page 161
The reframing of development: ECLAC and the IADB......Page 165
The politics of the new development agenda......Page 168
Conclusions......Page 170
A change in Latin America’s political landscape?......Page 175
The social democratic, populist and grassroots lefts......Page 177
The rise of the left......Page 185
Democracy, representation and varieties of the left......Page 192
Table 8.1 Forms of political representation......Page 200
Conclusions......Page 201
Democratizing democracy......Page 204
Chávez’s Venezuela: the politics of polarization......Page 207
Lula da Silva’s Brazil: the politics of accommodation......Page 218
Comparing Venezuela and Brazil......Page 226
Conclusions......Page 229
International and domestic constraints......Page 232
Ideas, interests and policy choices......Page 235
Brazil: keeping the confidence of the markets and the support of the people......Page 239
The return of the repressed: national-popular politics and policies......Page 248
Conclusions......Page 254
Conclusions......Page 257
Notes to chapter 2......Page 263
Notes to chapter 3......Page 264
Notes to chapter 5......Page 265
Notes to chapter 6......Page 266
Notes to chapter 7......Page 267
Notes to chapter 8......Page 269
Notes to chapter 9......Page 271
Notes to chapter 10......Page 272
Bibliography......Page 274
Index......Page 302